Triangulate ES_01 E-ink Watch

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An ultra-thin ESP32S3-based smartwatch (at just 5mm thick at its thickest point) which uses an E-ink display and two OLEDs to display information while consuming a small amount of power. The main E-ink panel is touch-enabled, with the two additional OLED panels above and below it displaying auxiliary information, such as notifications, background activities etc. The watch has built-in heart rate and spO2 sensing via an Analog Devices MAX30102, high-precision smart movement sensing via a Bosch BH260AP IMU and a Bosch BMP585 barometric pressure sensor.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT: Most of the materials and the human hand model you see in the renders are not my own work, but is Royalty-free or CC0 licensed work legitimately downloaded from BlenderKit using their free plan

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To top it all off, the ES_01 is completely workout-friendly, with rubberised sides and no pesky side buttons that get pressed mid-pushup (Every physical input is at the top of the watch)! The watch features a sleek design, with each component being laid out single file and in its own separate segment of the watch. These segments can all bend around the watch, preserving a uniform thickness all around, which also adds the benefit of being aesthetically pleasing. The main microcontroller running the watch is an Espressif ESP32-S3 running with Bluetooth LE capabilities, which also allow for it to sync with a smartphone to relay notifications, workout, and weather data etc. through firmware based on ESP-IDF and host smartphone software for iPhone based on Swift (Coming soon, and Android support will come later!)

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PCB:

• 4 layers
• Flex PCB
• Single-sided component placement
• 0.2mm board thickness
• Added 0.1mm FR4 stiffeners
• All resistors and capacitors are 0402 size

Schematics:

PCB Layout and render:

Render is out of date

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Enclosure:

• Main cases and top plates of each segment 3D printed using PLA
• Bottom plates for OLED segments are CNC machined from 6061 Aluminium by JLCCNC (can substitute with any rigid material or also with SLA/MSLA printed resin)
• Bottom plate for main E-ink segment 3D printed using an SLM printer in 316L stainless steel (can substitute with other rigid metal with high thermal conductivity)
• Side flexible pieces printed in TPU by an FDM 3D printer

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Assembly instructions:

To manufacture the PCB, refer to the instructions here

1. Use the solder stencil to squeegee solder paste onto main PCB
2. Place each component onto its respective pads on the main PCB
3. Use a hotplate or a reflow oven to reflow the solder paste underneath the components
4. Hand-solder a thin insulated wire (enamel insulated or rubber insulated) connecting the pads "BATT1_WIRE" together on the PCB
5. Create a solder bridge connecting the pads "GND_TO_GNDIO" and "GNDIO_TO_GND"
6. Create a solder bridge connecting the pads "GND_TO_GNDPWR" and "GNDPWR_TO_GND"
7. Assemble the two "end battery" segments by threading battery wires through them, placing the battery in and attaching the top plates to their respective main cases with superglue
8. Assemble the other battery segment and the haptic module segment in the same way, but thread the "end battery" wires through the dedicated channels in these segments, you should have two sets of two segments with four wires coming out of each set of segments
9. Take the main cases of the OLED modules and superglue the OLED displays into the top of each, making sure the flex cables poke through their dedicated holes
10. Do the same with the E-ink segment and the E-ink display
11. Attach each remaining top plate to its respective main case using superglue
12. Place and superglue the main Flex PCB into the bottom of the E-ink segment and the two OLED segments. The back of the PCB should face the displays
13. Thread the wires from the two sets of segments from step 8 through the holes in the side of the OLED modules and hand-solder the wires onto their respective pads
14. Plug in the flex cables from each display into thir respective FPC connectors on the main PCB
15. Superglue the bottom panels for the OLED segments onto their respective main cases
16. Apply thermal paste on the ESP32-S3 chip on the main PCB
17. Superglue threaded inserts in the two dedicated holes in the corners of the bottom panel for the E-ink segment
18. Superglue the bottom panel to the main case of the E-ink segment
19. Screw two screws into the holes in the top case of the E-ink segment until they mesh with the threaded inserts from the previous step
20. Take two more screws and cut off their entire threaded sections until just the heads remain. Superglue those heads in the holes in the other two corners of the top panel of the E-ink segment
21. Superglue the side TPU pieces to the sides of all the segments
22. Plug in a patch antenna into the exposed U.FL port on the back of the watch, guide the cable through its designated groove, and stick the patch antenna somewhere on the watch

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Bill of materials:

Electronic Components: (Order quantities account for minimum order quantity of parts from the chosen retailer)

Manufacturer Part Number	Mfr.	Order Qty.	Unit Price(USD)	Ext.Price(USD)	Package	Description	Product Link
CC0402JRNPO9BN110	YAGEO	100	0.0013	0.13	0402	11pF �5% 50V Ceramic Capacitor NP0 0402	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C527000.html
GRM155R61E475ME15D	muRata	20	0.0403	0.81	0402	4.7uF �20% 25V Ceramic Capacitor X5R 0402	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C2858031.html
ESP32-S3	ESPRESSIF	1	3.0048	3	QFN-56-EP(7x7)	-98.4dBm 150Mbps 2.412GHz2.484GHz 2.4GHz 3V3.6V QFN-56-EP(7x7) RF Transceiver ICs RoHS	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C2913192.html
2328702-6	TE Connectivity	5	0.2027	1.01	SMD,P=0.5mm,Surface Mount,Right Angle	FFC/FPC Connector 6 Position 0.5mm Pitch Double-Sided Contacts, Top and Bottom Entry Surface Mount, Right Angle -40?~+85?	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C3151647.html
FFC2B28-24-G	Global Connector Technology	1	0.5754	0.58	SMD,P=0.5mm,Surface Mount,Right Angle	FFC/FPC Connector 24 Position 0.5mm Pitch Double-Sided Contacts, Top and Bottom Entry Surface Mount, Right Angle -25?~+85?	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C3151659.html
BHI260AP	Bosch	1	9.8338	9.83	LGA-44	LGA-44 IMUs (Inertial Measurement Units) RoHS	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C3288651.html
SI1308EDL-T1-GE3	VISHAY	5	0.1543	0.77	SOT-323	N-Channel 30V 1.5A 0.4W Surface Mount SOT-323	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C469327.html
XC6206P302MR	HXY MOSFET	50	0.0176	0.88	SOT-23	Linear Voltage Regulator IC Positive Fixed 1 Output 300mA SOT-23	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C5148691.html
MBR0530	Huixin	20	0.0296	0.59	SOD-123	5.5A 1 Independent 30V 500mV@500mA 500mA SOD-123 Single Diodes RoHS	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C49435625.html
0402WGF1004TCE	UNI-ROYAL	100	0.0008	0.08	0402	1M? �1% 62.5mW 0402 Thick Film Resistor	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C26083.html
CL05A105KA5NQNC	Samsung Electro-Mechanics	100	0.0033	0.33	0402	1uF �10% 25V Ceramic Capacitor X5R 0402	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C52923.html
XL2EL89CPI-111YLC-40M	YXC Crystal Oscillators	10	0.0619	0.62	SMD3225-4P	Crystal 40MHz �10ppm 15pF SMD3225-4P	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C5444549.html
TS-1088-AR02016	XUNPU	10	0.0455	0.46	SMD,4x3mm	Tactile Switch SPST 160gf 2mm SMD (SMT) Tab 4mm x 3mm Surface Mount	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C720477.html
BSS138	R+O	50	0.0172	0.86	SOT-23	N-Channel 50V 340mA 350mW Surface Mount SOT-23	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C7420339.html
TCR2EF33,LM(CT	TOSHIBA	5	0.1077	0.54	TSOT-25	3.3V 5.5V Positive Fixed TSOT-25 Voltage Regulators - Linear, Low Drop Out (LDO) Regulators RoHS	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C843273.html
LQG15HS3N3S02D	muRata	100	0.0079	0.79	0402	800mA 3.3nH 170m? Multilayer inductor 0402 Fixed Inductors RoHS	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C86064.html
MRA4003T3G	onsemi	10	0.1152	1.15	SMA(DO-214AC)	Diode 300V 1A Surface Mount SMA(DO-214AC)	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C94410.html
DRV2605LDGSR	TI	1	1.3734	1.37	VSSOP-10-0.5mm	I2C VSSOP-10-0.5mm Motor Drivers, Controllers RoHS	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C527464.html
LQG15HS2N0S02D	muRata	100	0.0084	0.84	0402	900mA 2nH 100m? Multilayer inductor 0402 Fixed Inductors RoHS	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C18216.html
0402WGF5603TCE	UNI-ROYAL	100	0.0006	0.06	0402	560k? �1% 62.5mW 0402 Thick Film Resistor	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C132339.html
CL05B103KB5NNNC	Samsung Electro-Mechanics	100	0.0014	0.14	0402	10nF �10% 50V Ceramic Capacitor X7R 0402	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C15195.html
0402B102K500NT	FH	100	0.0012	0.12	0402	1nF �10% 50V Ceramic Capacitor X7R 0402	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C1523.html
CL05B104KO5NNNC	Samsung Electro-Mechanics	100	0.0013	0.13	0402	100nF �10% 16V Ceramic Capacitor X7R 0402	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C1525.html
0402CG1R0C500NT	FH	100	0.0012	0.12	0402	1pF 50V Ceramic Capacitor C0G 0402	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C1550.html
CL05A106MQ5NUNC	Samsung Electro-Mechanics	100	0.0056	0.56	0402	10uF �20% 6.3V Ceramic Capacitor X5R 0402	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C15525.html
CL05B224KO5NNNC	Samsung Electro-Mechanics	100	0.0041	0.41	0402	220nF �10% 16V Ceramic Capacitor X7R 0402	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C16772.html
BMP585	Bosch	1	3.5109	3.51	LGA-9(3.3x3.3)	30Kpa~1.25bar LGA-9(3.3x3.3) Pressure Sensors, Transducers RoHS	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C18184976.html
LD39200PU33R	ST	1	1.0184	1.02	DFN-6(3x3)	3.3V 6V Positive Fixed DFN-6(3x3) Voltage Regulators - Linear, Low Drop Out (LDO) Regulators RoHS	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C222192.html
CL05A475MP5NRNC	Samsung Electro-Mechanics	50	0.0055	0.28	0402	4.7uF �20% 10V Ceramic Capacitor X5R 0402	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C23733.html
0402WGF2201TCE	UNI-ROYAL	100	0.0008	0.08	0402	2.2k? �1% 62.5mW 0402 Thick Film Resistor	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C25879.html
0402WGF4701TCE	UNI-ROYAL	100	0.0008	0.08	0402	4.7k? �1% 62.5mW 0402 Thick Film Resistor	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C25900.html
ANR4012T470M	APV	10	0.0544	0.54	SMD,4x4mm	500mA 47uH 500mA Magnetic Shielded Inductor �20% SMD,4x4mm Fixed Inductors RoHS	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C7497063.html
MAX30102EFD+T	MAXIM	1	13.0636	13.06	OESIP-14	I2C OESIP-14 Specialized Sensors RoHS	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C6454833.html
MAX17048X+T10	MAXIM	1	1.1576	1.16	WLP-8(0.9x1.8)	Lithium Battery I2C WLP-8(0.9x1.8) Battery Management RoHS	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C7497002.html
1N4148	onsemi	50	0.0353	1.77	DO-35	Diode 100V 200mA Through Hole DO-35	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C258182.html
FRC0402F1001TS	FOJAN	100	0.0006	0.06	0402	1k? �1% 62.5mW 0402 Thick Film Resistor	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C2906864.html
FRC0402F22R0TS	FOJAN	100	0.0006	0.06	0402	22? �1% 62.5mW 0402 Thick Film Resistor	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C2929994.html
FRC0402F2R20TS	FOJAN	100	0.0008	0.08	0402	2.2? �1% 62.5mW 0402 Thick Film Resistor	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C2909330.html
FRC0402F1002TS	FOJAN	100	0.0006	0.06	0402	10k? �1% 62.5mW 0402 Thick Film Resistor	https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/C2906861.html
LW06121	WENDA	100	0.07	7	SMD,P=0.62mm,Surface Mount,Right Angle	1.2H 14Pin 0.62mm Pitch OLED FPC/FFC Upper Contact Pull-Out Horizontal SMD Flat Connector	https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/WENDA-LW06121-1-2H-14Pin-0_1601292173873.html
GDEY0154D67-T03	Goodisplay	1	11.32	11.32	-	1.54Inch Touch E-Paper 200x200 E-Ink Display	https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005005200574055.html
SSD1306	-	2	0.72	1.44	-	0.91 Inch I2C OLED Module	https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005004415958608.html?spm=a2g0o.tesla.0.0.4820nU7CnU7Cr1&pdp_npi=6%40dis%21AUD%21AU%241.39%21AU%241.05%21%21%21%21%21%402103122117624689217517794e3108%2112000046550658291%21btfpre%21%21%21%211%210%21&afTraceInfo=1005004415958608__pc__c_ppc_item_bridge_pc_main__vt8pak6__1762468921809
401230	-	5	8.37	11.7	-	3.7V 130mAh Rechargeable Li-Po Polymer Battery	https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005011548432569.html?spm=a2g0o.detail.pcDetailTopMoreOtherSeller.8.43f7QzLmQzLmgd&gps-id=pcDetailTopMoreOtherSeller&scm=1007.40050.354490.0&scm_id=1007.40050.354490.0&scm-url=1007.40050.354490.0&pvid=3bd3e2fd-a970-4708-ad0d-5a1d5a035dc8&_t=gps-id:pcDetailTopMoreOtherSeller,scm-url:1007.40050.354490.0,pvid:3bd3e2fd-a970-4708-ad0d-5a1d5a035dc8,tpp_buckets:668%232846%238108%231977&pdp_ext_f=%7B"order"%3A"6"%2C"eval"%3A"1"%2C"sceneId"%3A"30050"%2C"fromPage"%3A"recommend"%7D&pdp_npi=6%40dis%21USD%2113.08%218.37%21%21%2189.86%2157.51%21%402101e2b417711150796635781ebc60%2112000055887278871%21rec%21AU%216047249797%21XZ%211%210%21n_tag%3A-29919%3Bd%3A65a10f57%3Bm03_new_user%3A-29895&utparam-url=scene%3ApcDetailTopMoreOtherSeller%7Cquery_from%3A%7Cx_object_id%3A1005011548432569%7C_p_origin_prod%3A
0619AAC	-	1	3.06	3.06	-	Brushless X-axis 1.2V 100mA Max Precision Vibration Motor	https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005006421331249.html?spm=a2g0o.tesla.0.0.24f1nmtsnmts4h&pdp_npi=6%40dis%21AUD%21AU%244.13%21AU%241.54%21%21%21%21%21%402101d9ef17624709252885249e887e%2112000049883253246%21btfpre%21%21%21%211%210%21&afTraceInfo=1005006421331249__pc__c_ppc_item_bridge_pc_main__epipcn9__1762470925359
TS-A002	-	20	0.069	1.38	-	Momentary Tact Switch SMD	https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005008702742151.html?spm=a2g0o.cart.0.0.785138daOe1hVa&mp=1&pdp_npi=5%40dis%21USD%21USD%201.38%21USD%201.38%21%21USD%201.38%21%21%21%4021033d1217668082665115137ee51b%2112000046642944142%21ct%21AU%216047249797%21%211%210
-	-	50	0.0264	1.32	-	M1.4 Torx countersunk machine screw 4mm length	https://www.aliexpress.com/item/33006942612.html?spm=a2g0o.cart.0.0.172438dayDrOXJ&mp=1&pdp_npi=5%40dis%21USD%21USD%201.32%21USD%201.32%21%21USD%201.32%21%21%21%402103212317668074428231957e8041%2167012387977%21ct%21AU%216047249797%21%211%210
-	-	50	0.0244	1.22	-	M1.4 Brass threaded inserts 1.5mm length	https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005007653131713.html?spm=a2g0o.cart.0.0.785138daOe1hVa&mp=1&pdp_npi=5%40dis%21USD%21USD%201.36%21USD%201.22%21%21USD%201.22%21%21%21%402101e2b217668079638444750e2ddc%2112000041667111405%21ct%21AU%216047249797%21%211%210&pdp_ext_f=%7B%22cart2PdpParams%22%3A%7B%22pdpBusinessMode%22%3A%22retail%22%7D%7D

Total: $88.97 USD

Manufactured Components

Description	Manufacturer	Material	Price (USD)
CNC Machined OLED Segment Bottom Plates	JLCCNC	Aluminium 6061	17.46
SLM 3D Printed Main Segment Bottom Plate	JLC3DP	316L Stainless Steel	8.39
Main 4-layer Flex PCB	JLCPCB	Yellow 0.2mm Polyimide with 0.1mm FR4 Stiffener	94.00
SMD Stencil for Main Flex PCB	JLCPCB	Steel	7.47

Total: $127.32 USD

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Grand Total (Excl. Shipping): $216.29 USD

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