V8 theory update

[cnygaard]

This PR implements the v8 theory formulation which accounts for the positive cosmological constant (Λ > 0) in the information geometry. The key insight is that our universe's de Sitter geometry curves the information manifold into S³, reducing the holographic path ratio and improving dark matter predictions.

Dark matter ratio discrepancy reduced from 7.4σ to 1.4σ vs Planck 2018.

Key Changes

1. De Sitter Corrected Dark Matter Ratio

• v7 (flat-space): M_DM/M_b = π/(2γ₀) ≈ 5.73
• v8 (de Sitter): M_DM/M_b = (π/2γ₀)(sin√Ω_m)/√Ω_m ≈ 5.43

2. New Functions in constants.py

Function	Description
geometric_factor_ds(omega_m)	De Sitter geometric factor ξ_dS ≈ 1.487
dm_ratio_v8(gamma_0, omega_m)	v8 dark matter ratio calculation
solve_self_consistent_omega_m()	Solves Ω_m = Ω_b(1 + ξ_dS/γ₀)
predict_cosmological_parameters()	Full cosmic energy budget from γ₀ and Ω_b
coherence_length_sds(r, r_s, L)	Schwarzschild-de Sitter coherence length

3. Log Entropy Coefficient Fix

• Changed from α = -0.5 to α = -1.5 for SU(2) framework consistency
• Formula: S = A/(4ℓ_P²) - (3/2)ln(A/ℓ_P²) + O(1)

4. Improved Rotation Curve Model

• Tully-Fisher calibration: V ~ M_baryonic^0.25
• Galaxy-specific NFW parameters
• Mass-dependent gas fractions

Cosmological Predictions (v8)

Parameter	v8 Predicted	Planck 2018	Discrepancy
Ω_m	0.317	0.315 ± 0.007	0.3σ
Ω_Λ	0.683	0.685 ± 0.007	0.3σ
Ω_c	0.268	0.264 ± 0.008	0.5σ
Ω_c/Ω_b	5.43	5.36 ± 0.05	1.4σ

Rotation Curve Accuracy

Galaxy	Computed	Observed	Error
Milky Way	248 km/s	220 km/s	+13%
Andromeda	273 km/s	250 km/s	+9%
Triangulum	114 km/s	130 km/s	-13%