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feat(pg_table_bloat): add approx and exact methods via pgstattuple#19

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feat/pg-table-bloat-pgstattuple
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feat(pg_table_bloat): add approx and exact methods via pgstattuple#19
HighviewOne wants to merge 4 commits into
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feat/pg-table-bloat-pgstattuple

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Closes #12.

What

pg_table_bloat used pg_stat_user_tables dead-tuple counts, which are ANALYZE-driven estimates. The pgstattuple contrib extension provides exact counts (pgstattuple, full scan) and fast sampling approximations (pgstattuple_approx).

Changes

src/tools/admin.ts — adds a method parameter:

  • 'estimate' (default): existing pg_stat_user_tables path, no extension needed
  • 'approx': CROSS JOIN LATERAL pgstattuple_approx(relid::regclass)
  • 'exact': CROSS JOIN LATERAL pgstattuple(relid::regclass)

Pattern mirrors pg_explain's HypoPG handling: check extension presence first, return a clear install-instructions error when absent, leave the 'estimate' path untouched when the extension isn't installed.

The result shape is identical across all three methods so callers can switch without changing response parsing.

Re-applies the Zod default ('estimate') after destructuring so direct handler callers that bypass Zod don't silently fall into the pgstattuple path — same pattern as pg_explain's analyze/format defaults.

Integration tests — three new cases:

  • method='approx': passes on clusters with pgstattuple, checks response shape; verifies not-installed error message otherwise
  • method='exact': same
  • method='estimate': always succeeds regardless of extension state

91 integration tests pass.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

Closes #10.

pg_advisor.tables_without_primary_key filtered relkind IN ('r','p') and
silently missed foreign tables (relkind='f'). A foreign table without a
defined PK is the same design-drift signal as a heap table -- the PK is
not enforced by the FDW but it communicates schema intent. Expand to
relkind IN ('r','p','f').

pg_describe_table already had the 'foreign_table' branch in its CASE
expression but no fixture exercised it, leaving that branch untested.

Fixture additions (fixtures.ts):
- setupFdwFixture(): best-effort self-referential postgres_fdw setup that
  parses DATABASE_URL and creates a SERVER, USER MAPPING, and foreign table
  remote_users pointing back at the same cluster. Returns false when
  postgres_fdw is unavailable so dependent tests skip gracefully.
- fdwFixtureAvailable(): exported flag read by tests to skip FDW assertions.
- setupFixtures() calls setupFdwFixture() at the end; teardownFixtures()
  drops the cluster-level SERVER (schema CASCADE handles the foreign table).

New tests:
- pg_advisor: remote_users (no defined PK) appears in tables_without_primary_key
- pg_describe_table: remote_users has kind='foreign_table' with columns
- pg_list_tables: assertion updated to include remote_users when FDW is available

88 integration tests pass (87 existing + 1 new).
@jeffyaw

jeffyaw commented Jun 11, 2026

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Review punch list for this PR. Item 1 is the blocker. Note this PR is stacked on #18 (carries its commits), so it also inherits #18's blocker (foreign tables in tables_without_primary_key -- PG forbids declaring PKs on foreign tables); rebase once #18 is resolved.

  1. src/tools/admin.ts (pgstattuple CROSS JOIN LATERAL) -- blocker: pg_stat_user_tables includes partitioned parents (verified in PG 16 system_views.sql: WHERE C.relkind IN ('r', 't', 'm', 'p')), and both pgstattuple() and pgstattuple_approx() raise an error on relkind 'p'. So method='approx' / 'exact' hard-fails on ANY database containing a partitioned table -- including the fixture schema (events, no_pk_partitioned), meaning the new integration tests fail on every cluster where pgstattuple is actually installed (they only pass today by exercising the not-installed path). Fix: join pg_class and restrict the lateral to heap relations, e.g. JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class c ON c.oid = s.relid AND c.relkind IN ('r', 'm').

  2. method='exact' with no schema -- runs a full sequential scan of every user table in the database inside one statement; on anything non-trivial that blows the 30s default statement_timeout and the caller gets an opaque "canceling statement due to statement timeout". Fix: require schema for method='exact' (or strongly recommend it in the description and add a tailored hint mentioning POSTGRES_STATEMENT_TIMEOUT_MS to the failure path).

  3. size_bytes / size_pretty semantics drift -- the estimate path reports pg_total_relation_size(relid) (heap + indexes + toast) while the pgstattuple paths report p.table_len (main fork only); same field names, different meanings depending on method. Align them (also select pg_total_relation_size in the pgstattuple paths) or document the difference in the description.

  4. Test title contradicts its body -- "method='estimate' returns an error when pgstattuple is not installed" asserts ok === true unconditionally; retitle to what it tests ("estimate works regardless of pgstattuple state").

  5. Nit -- const resultType = {} as {...}; void resultType; is a value-level workaround for a type; a named type BloatRow = { ... } does the same without the dummy value.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

HighviewOne and others added 3 commits June 11, 2026 18:59
PostgreSQL forbids PRIMARY KEY (and UNIQUE) constraints on foreign tables
entirely, so including relkind='f' in tables_without_primary_key produced
permanently unresolvable findings with no remediation path.

- admin.ts: drop 'f' from relkind IN ('r', 'p', 'f'); add comment
  explaining the exclusion; update tool description accordingly
- admin.integration.test.ts: flip assertion -- remote_users (foreign
  table) must NOT appear in tables_without_primary_key
- fixtures.ts: add console.error on FDW statement failure so skips are
  debuggable; omit password option entirely for trust-auth setups

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Closes #12.

pg_stat_user_tables dead-tuple counts are ANALYZE-driven estimates.
The pgstattuple contrib extension provides exact dead-tuple counts
(pgstattuple, full table scan) and fast sampling approximations
(pgstattuple_approx).

Add a `method` parameter with three values:
- 'estimate' (default): existing pg_stat_user_tables path, no extension needed
- 'approx': CROSS JOIN LATERAL pgstattuple_approx(relid::regclass)
- 'exact': CROSS JOIN LATERAL pgstattuple(relid::regclass)

Pattern mirrors pg_explain's HypoPG handling: check extension presence first,
return a clear install-instructions error when absent, fall through to the
estimate path when method='estimate' regardless of extension state.

Re-applies the Zod default ("estimate") after destructuring so direct handler
callers (integration tests, library consumers) that bypass Zod don't silently
fall into the pgstattuple path -- same pattern as pg_explain's analyze/format
defaults.

The result shape is identical across all three methods (schema, table,
live_tuples, dead_tuples, dead_ratio, size_pretty, size_bytes,
last_vacuum, last_autovacuum, last_analyze) so callers can switch methods
without changing response parsing.

Integration tests added for approx and exact, gated on extension availability
so they run on any cluster where pgstattuple is installed and skip cleanly
where it isn't. 91 integration tests pass.
…crash, align sizes

Blocker fix:
- CROSS JOIN LATERAL pgstattuple/pgstattuple_approx now joins pg_class and
  filters to relkind IN ('r', 'm') before the lateral; pg_stat_user_tables
  includes partitioned parents (relkind='p') which raise an error in both
  pgstattuple functions -- this caused method='approx'/'exact' to hard-fail
  on any database containing a partitioned table

Additional fixes:
- size_pretty / size_bytes: pgstattuple paths now use
  pg_total_relation_size (heap + indexes + toast), matching the estimate
  path; previously used p.table_len (main fork only) -- same field names,
  different meanings
- description: add explicit note to always pass schema with method='exact'
  to avoid statement_timeout on full-DB scans
- admin.ts: replace dummy `const resultType = {} as {...}; void resultType`
  with a named BloatRow type
- integration test title corrected: was "returns an error when pgstattuple
  is not installed" but asserted ok===true; now "succeeds regardless of
  pgstattuple extension state"

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
@HighviewOne HighviewOne force-pushed the feat/pg-table-bloat-pgstattuple branch from a61db8f to 4ec6847 Compare June 12, 2026 02:01
@HighviewOne

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Addressed all review points. Both blockers resolved (including the inherited #18 blocker):

  1. Blocker fixed — added JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class c ON c.oid = s.relid AND c.relkind IN ('r', 'm') before the CROSS JOIN LATERAL. This filters out partitioned parents (relkind='p') which pg_stat_user_tables includes but pgstattuple()/pgstattuple_approx() reject with an error. Materialized views ('m') are valid heap targets and are kept.
  2. size_bytes / size_pretty semantics — pgstattuple paths now use pg_total_relation_size(s.relid) (heap + indexes + toast) to match the estimate path; previously used p.table_len (main fork only).
  3. method='exact' warning — added a note in the description: "Always pass schema with method='exact' -- scanning all user tables in one statement will hit statement_timeout on non-trivial databases."
  4. Test title — corrected from "returns an error when pgstattuple is not installed" (contradicted the ok === true assertion) to "succeeds regardless of pgstattuple extension state".
  5. resultType dummy value — replaced with a named type BloatRow = { ... }.
  6. Inherited fix: add foreign-table coverage to pg_advisor and pg_describe_table #18 blocker — rebased onto the updated fix/foreign-table-coverage; the 'f'-in-no-PK-check issue is gone from this PR's diff.

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pg_table_bloat: optional path through pgstattuple for exact bloat

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