Fix SNAP work requirement issues

changelog.d/fixed/snap-work-requirement-issues.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix SNAP work-requirement treatment for per-person disqualifications and OBBBA ABAWD Indian exemptions.

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/usda/snap/eligibility/work_requirements/meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements.yaml

@@ -345,9 +345,31 @@
   output:
     meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: true
 
+# --- 2015(o)(3)(F)-(G): Indian, Urban Indian, or California Indian ---
+
+- name: Case 24, post-HR1 Indian, Urban Indian, or California Indian exempt.
+  period: 2027
+  input:
+    age: 30
+    weekly_hours_worked_before_lsr: 1
+    is_disabled: false
+    is_snap_abawd_indian_exempt: true
+  output:
+    meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: true
+
+- name: Case 25, pre-HR1 Indian exemption input does not change ABAWD rules.
+  period: 2024
+  input:
+    age: 30
+    weekly_hours_worked_before_lsr: 1
+    is_disabled: false
+    is_snap_abawd_indian_exempt: true
+  output:
+    meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: false
+
 # --- HR1 removed exemptions: Homeless and veteran ---
 
-- name: Case 24, post-HR1 homeless NOT exempt.
+- name: Case 26, post-HR1 homeless NOT exempt.
   period: 2027
   absolute_error_margin: 0.1
   input:
@@ -358,7 +380,7 @@
   output:
     meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: false
 
-- name: Case 25, post-HR1 veteran NOT exempt.
+- name: Case 27, post-HR1 veteran NOT exempt.
   period: 2027
   absolute_error_margin: 0.1
   input:

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/usda/snap/eligibility/work_requirements/meets_snap_work_requirements.yaml

@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@
 
 - name: Case 5, CA pre-HR1 age 55 exempt flows through SPM.
   period: 2026-01
-  absolute_error_margin: 0.9
   input:
     people:
       person1:
@@ -63,7 +62,6 @@
 
 - name: Case 6, non-CA post-HR1 age 55 not exempt.
   period: 2026-01
-  absolute_error_margin: 0.9
   input:
     people:
       person1:
@@ -83,3 +81,63 @@
         state_code: TX
   output:
     meets_snap_work_requirements: false
+
+- name: Case 7, two adults remain eligible when one adult passes.
+  period: 2024-01
+  input:
+    people:
+      person1:
+        monthly_age: 35
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: true
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: true
+      person2:
+        monthly_age: 30
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: false
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: false
+    spm_units:
+      spm_unit:
+        members: [person1, person2]
+  output:
+    meets_snap_work_requirements: true
+
+- name: Case 8, two adults are ineligible when both adults fail.
+  period: 2024-01
+  input:
+    people:
+      person1:
+        monthly_age: 35
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: false
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: false
+      person2:
+        monthly_age: 30
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: false
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: false
+    spm_units:
+      spm_unit:
+        members: [person1, person2]
+  output:
+    meets_snap_work_requirements: false
+
+- name: Case 9, two adults remain eligible when both adults pass.
+  period: 2024-01
+  input:
+    people:
+      person1:
+        monthly_age: 35
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: true
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: true
+      person2:
+        monthly_age: 30
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: true
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: true
+    spm_units:
+      spm_unit:
+        members: [person1, person2]
+  output:
+    meets_snap_work_requirements: true

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/usda/snap/income/federal_work_study_income_exclusion.yaml

@@ -22,3 +22,27 @@
     is_federal_work_study_participant: true
   output:
     meets_snap_work_exception: true
+
+- name: Case 4, work-requirement-ineligible adult earned income is prorated.
+  period: 2024-01
+  absolute_error_margin: 0.01
+  input:
+    people:
+      person1:
+        monthly_age: 35
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: true
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: true
+      person2:
+        monthly_age: 30
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        employment_income:
+          2024: 12_000
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: false
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: false
+    spm_units:
+      spm_unit:
+        members: [person1, person2]
+  output:
+    snap_work_requirement_income_proration_fraction: [1, 0.5]
+    snap_earned_income: 500

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/usda/snap/snap.yaml

@@ -116,3 +116,77 @@
     # And then again subtracted as a deduction from gross income.
     snap_net_income: 0
     snap: 3_522
+
+- name: Case 5, work-requirement-ineligible adult is excluded from SNAP benefit size.
+  period: 2024-01
+  absolute_error_margin: 0.01
+  input:
+    people:
+      person1:
+        age:
+          2024: 35
+        monthly_age: 35
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: true
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: true
+      person2:
+        age:
+          2024: 30
+        monthly_age: 30
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: false
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: false
+    spm_units:
+      spm_unit:
+        members: [person1, person2]
+    tax_units:
+      tax_unit:
+        members: [person1, person2]
+    households:
+      household:
+        members: [person1, person2]
+        state_code: TX
+  output:
+    meets_snap_work_requirements_person: [true, false]
+    meets_snap_work_requirements: true
+    snap_unit_size: 1
+    snap_max_allotment: 291
+    snap: 291
+
+- name: Case 6, work-requirement-ineligible adult income is prorated for SNAP.
+  period: 2024-01
+  absolute_error_margin: 0.01
+  input:
+    people:
+      person1:
+        age:
+          2024: 35
+        monthly_age: 35
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: true
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: true
+      person2:
+        age:
+          2024: 30
+        monthly_age: 30
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        employment_income:
+          2024: 12_000
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: false
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: false
+    spm_units:
+      spm_unit:
+        members: [person1, person2]
+    tax_units:
+      tax_unit:
+        members: [person1, person2]
+    households:
+      household:
+        members: [person1, person2]
+        state_code: TX
+  output:
+    snap_unit_size: 1
+    snap_work_requirement_income_proration_fraction: [1, 0.5]
+    snap_earned_income: 500
+    snap_gross_income: 500
+    snap: 230.40

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/usda/snap/snap_unit_size.yaml

@@ -160,3 +160,24 @@
         spm_unit_size: 2
   output:
     snap_unit_size: 1
+
+- name: Case 10, work-requirement-ineligible adult reduces unit size.
+  period: 2024-01
+  input:
+    people:
+      person1:
+        monthly_age: 35
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: true
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: true
+      person2:
+        monthly_age: 30
+        is_tax_unit_dependent: false
+        meets_snap_general_work_requirements: false
+        meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: false
+    spm_units:
+      spm_unit:
+        members: [person1, person2]
+        spm_unit_size: 2
+  output:
+    snap_unit_size: 1

policyengine_us/variables/gov/usda/snap/eligibility/work_requirements/is_snap_abawd_indian_exempt.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+from policyengine_us.model_api import *
+
+
+class is_snap_abawd_indian_exempt(Variable):
+    value_type = bool
+    entity = Person
+    label = "Exempt from SNAP ABAWD work requirements due to Indian, Urban Indian, or California Indian status"
+    definition_period = YEAR
+    reference = (
+        "https://www.congress.gov/119/plaws/publ21/PLAW-119publ21.pdf#page=11",
+        "https://www.congress.gov/119/plaws/publ21/PLAW-119publ21.pdf#page=12",
+        "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/25/1603",
+        "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/25/1679",
+    )

policyengine_us/variables/gov/usda/snap/eligibility/work_requirements/meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements.py

@@ -42,10 +42,9 @@ def formula(person, period, parameters):
         # (D) Work registration exempt (non-age) — 7 U.S.C. 2015(o)(3)(D)
         work_reg_exempt = person("is_snap_work_registration_exempt_non_age", period)
         # (E) Pregnant — 7 U.S.C. 2015(o)(3)(E)
-        # NOTE: (F)-(G) Native American/Indian exemptions per IHCIA
-        # definitions are not yet implemented (requires tribal
-        # membership input variable).
         is_pregnant = person("is_pregnant", period)
+        # (F)-(G) Indian, Urban Indian, or California Indian.
+        is_indian_exempt = person("is_snap_abawd_indian_exempt", period)
         # TODO: HI/AK delayed adoption (2025-11-01) to be handled
         # in a follow-up PR via state-level hr1_in_effect parameters.
         base_conditions = (
@@ -59,8 +58,10 @@ def formula(person, period, parameters):
         # Pre-HR1 exemptions: homeless, veteran
         is_homeless = person.household("is_homeless", period)
         is_veteran = person("is_veteran", period)
+        post_hr1_conditions = base_conditions | is_indian_exempt
+        pre_hr1_conditions = base_conditions | is_homeless | is_veteran
         return where(
             hr1_in_effect,
-            base_conditions,
-            base_conditions | is_homeless | is_veteran,
+            post_hr1_conditions,
+            pre_hr1_conditions,
         )

policyengine_us/variables/gov/usda/snap/eligibility/work_requirements/meets_snap_work_requirements.py

@@ -6,29 +6,12 @@ class meets_snap_work_requirements(Variable):
     entity = SPMUnit
     label = "SPM Unit is eligible for SNAP benefits via work requirements"
     definition_period = MONTH
-    reference = "https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/work-requirements"
+    reference = (
+        "https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/work-requirements",
+        "https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/7/273.7#f_1",
+        "https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/7/273.24#b",
+    )
 
     def formula(spm_unit, period, parameters):
         person = spm_unit.members
-        general_work_requirements = person(
-            "meets_snap_general_work_requirements", period
-        )
-        abawd_work_requirements = person("meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements", period)
-        # Dependent child threshold differs: pre-HR1 (18) vs post-HR1 (14)
-        hr1_in_effect = person("is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect", period)
-        p = parameters(period).gov.usda.snap.work_requirements.abawd.age_threshold
-        # Snapshot pre-HR1 values (last month before 2025-07-04 effective date).
-        p_pre = parameters(
-            "2025-06-01"
-        ).gov.usda.snap.work_requirements.abawd.age_threshold
-        dep_threshold = where(hr1_in_effect, p.dependent, p_pre.dependent)
-        age = person("monthly_age", period)
-        is_dependent = person("is_tax_unit_dependent", period)
-        is_child = age < dep_threshold
-        no_dependent_child = person.spm_unit.sum(is_dependent & is_child) == 0
-        meets_work_requirements_person = where(
-            no_dependent_child,
-            abawd_work_requirements & general_work_requirements,
-            general_work_requirements,
-        )
-        return spm_unit.sum(~meets_work_requirements_person) == 0
+        return spm_unit.any(person("meets_snap_work_requirements_person", period))

policyengine_us/variables/gov/usda/snap/eligibility/work_requirements/meets_snap_work_requirements_person.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+from policyengine_us.model_api import *
+
+
+class meets_snap_work_requirements_person(Variable):
+    value_type = bool
+    entity = Person
+    label = "Person is eligible for SNAP benefits via work requirements"
+    definition_period = MONTH
+    reference = (
+        "https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/work-requirements",
+        "https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/7/273.7#f_1",
+        "https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/7/273.24#b",
+    )
+
+    def formula(person, period, parameters):
+        general_work_requirements = person(
+            "meets_snap_general_work_requirements", period
+        )
+        abawd_work_requirements = person("meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements", period)
+        # Dependent child threshold differs: pre-HR1 (18) vs post-HR1 (14)
+        hr1_in_effect = person("is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect", period)
+        p = parameters(period).gov.usda.snap.work_requirements.abawd.age_threshold
+        # Snapshot pre-HR1 values (last month before 2025-07-04 effective date).
+        p_pre = parameters(
+            "2025-06-01"
+        ).gov.usda.snap.work_requirements.abawd.age_threshold
+        dep_threshold = where(hr1_in_effect, p.dependent, p_pre.dependent)
+        age = person("monthly_age", period)
+        is_dependent = person("is_tax_unit_dependent", period)
+        is_child = age < dep_threshold
+        no_dependent_child = person.spm_unit.sum(is_dependent & is_child) == 0
+        return where(
+            no_dependent_child,
+            abawd_work_requirements & general_work_requirements,
+            general_work_requirements,
+        )

policyengine_us/variables/gov/usda/snap/income/snap_earned_income.py

@@ -10,4 +10,16 @@ class snap_earned_income(Variable):
     reference = "https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/7/273.9#b_1"
     unit = USD
 
-    adds = ["snap_earned_income_person"]
+    def formula(spm_unit, period):
+        person = spm_unit.members
+        income = spm_unit("snap_earned_income_person", period)
+        countable_earner = person("snap_countable_earner", period)
+        employment_income = person("employment_income", period)
+        full_employment_income = spm_unit.sum(
+            where(countable_earner, employment_income, 0)
+        )
+        fraction = person("snap_work_requirement_income_proration_fraction", period)
+        prorated_employment_income = spm_unit.sum(
+            where(countable_earner, employment_income * fraction, 0)
+        )
+        return income - full_employment_income + prorated_employment_income