ElectaNet

A decentralized blockchain-based voting application built using Solidity, Foundry, React, Ethers.js, and MetaMask. The system allows an administrator to create elections, register candidates, assign candidates to elections, and enables users to cast secure on-chain votes through their wallets.

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Table of Contents

• Tech Stack

  • Frontend
  • Blockchain

• Project Features

• Folder Structure

• Smart Contract Architecture

  • Election Management
  • Candidate Management
  • Voting Mechanism

• Contract Storage Design

• Voting Flow

• Smart Contract Functions

  • Election Functions
  • Candidate Functions
  • Voting Functions
  • View Functions

• Frontend Architecture

  • Wallet Context
  • Role-Based Access Control
  • Routing Structure

• Installation Guide

  • 1. Clone Repository
  • 2. Install Dependencies
  • 3. Compile Contracts
  • 4. Local Deployment
  • 5. Start Frontend

• Screenshots

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Tech Stack

Frontend

• React
• React Router DOM
• Ethers.js
• Context API
• CSS

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Blockchain

• Solidity
• Foundry
• MetaMask

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Project Features

• MetaMask Wallet Authentication
• Decentralized On-Chain Voting
• Election Creation
• Candidate Registration
• Candidate Reusability Across Elections
• Election Candidate Assignment
• One Vote Per Wallet Per Election
• Election Scheduling Using Blockchain Timestamps
• Live Election Results
• Role-Based Admin Controls
• Smart Contract Events
• Fully Decentralized Architecture

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Folder Structure

Blockchain-Voting-Network/
│
├── frontend/
│   ├── src/
│   │   ├── abi/
│   │   ├── components/
│   │   ├── config/
│   │   ├── context/
│   │   ├── pages/
│   │   ├── styles/
│   │   ├── App.jsx
│   │   └── main.jsx
│   │
│   └── package.json
│
├── smart-contract/
│   ├── src/
│   │   └── Voting.sol
│   │
│   ├── script/
│   │   ├── VotingDeploy.s.sol
│   │   └── Interactions.s.sol
│   │
│   ├── test/
│   │   └── Voting.t.sol
│   │
│   ├── foundry.toml
│   └── package.json
│
└── README.md

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Smart Contract Architecture

Election Management

The contract owner can:

• Create elections
• Define election start time
• Define election end time
• Assign existing candidates to elections

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Candidate Management

The contract owner can:

• Create candidates
• Reuse candidates across multiple elections
• Manage election participation

Example:

Alice
 ├── Election 1
 └── Election 2

Bob
 └── Election 1

Charlie
 └── Election 2

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Voting Mechanism

Users vote directly through their wallets.

Voting rules:

• One vote per wallet per election
• Users may vote in multiple elections
• Votes are stored permanently on-chain
• Election participation is validated before voting

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Contract Storage Design

uint256 private sElectionCount;
uint256 private sCandidateCount;

mapping(uint256 => Election) private sElections;
mapping(uint256 => Candidate) private sCandidates;
mapping(uint256 => uint256[]) private sElectionIdToCandidateIds;
mapping(uint256 => mapping(uint256 => bool)) private sElectionIdToCandidateIdToIsParticipating;
mapping(uint256 => mapping(uint256 => uint256)) private sElectionIdToCandidateIdToVoteCount;
mapping(uint256 => mapping(address => bool)) private sElectionIdToVoterToHasVoted;

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Voting Flow

Admin Creates Candidate
		  ↓
Admin Creates Election
		  ↓
Admin Assigns Candidates
		  ↓
Election Starts
		  ↓
User Connects MetaMask
		  ↓
User Casts Vote
		  ↓
Vote Stored On Chain
		  ↓
Results Updated

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Smart Contract Functions

Election Functions

Function	Description
createElection()	Create new election
getElectionById()	Get election details
getElectionCount()	Get total elections
getElectionCandidateIds()	Get assigned candidates

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Candidate Functions

Function	Description
createCandidate()	Create candidate
getCandidateById()	Get candidate details
getCandidateCount()	Get total candidates
addCandidateToElection()	Assign candidate to election

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Voting Functions

Function	Description
vote()	Cast vote
userHasVoted()	Check voter status

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View Functions

Function	Description
getVoteCount()	Get candidate vote count
getElectionResults()	Get election results
getOwner()	Get contract owner

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Frontend Architecture

Wallet Context

Global wallet state is managed using:

WalletContext

Stores:

provider
signer
account
contract
isConnected
isOwner

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Role-Based Access Control

The frontend determines ownership using:

getOwner()

Only owners can:

• Create candidates
• Create elections
• Assign candidates

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Routing Structure

/
│
├── /elections
│
├── /elections/:id
│
├── /results/:id
│
├── /admin/candidates
│
└── /admin/create-election

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Installation Guide

1. Clone Repository

git clone https://github.com/Aniket-Roy22/ElectaNet.git

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2. Install Dependencies

Frontend:

cd client
npm install

Smart Contract:

cd contracts
forge install

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3. Compile Contracts

forge build

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4. Local Deployment

Start local blockchain:

anvil

Deploy:

forge script script/VotingDeploy.s.sol \
--rpc-url http://127.0.0.1:8545 \
--private-key <PRIVATE_KEY> \
--broadcast

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5. Start Frontend

cd frontend
npm run dev

Frontend runs on:

http://localhost:5173

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Screenshots

Home Page

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Candidates Page

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Create Election Page

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Elections Page

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Election Details

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Results Page