From 0376348091a4e7c1bec4b0dbc090526318886a49 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "copilot-swe-agent[bot]" <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 12:31:41 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Initial plan


From 6fe658177f95b9a230cb49731d500336931ea37f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "copilot-swe-agent[bot]" <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 12:37:28 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Fix top-level deferred patch registration

---
 .../src/__tests__/executeWithSchema.test.ts   | 63 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../supermassive/src/executeWithoutSchema.ts  | 34 +++++-----
 2 files changed, 83 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/supermassive/src/__tests__/executeWithSchema.test.ts b/packages/supermassive/src/__tests__/executeWithSchema.test.ts
index 24d27a604..d65c3491a 100644
--- a/packages/supermassive/src/__tests__/executeWithSchema.test.ts
+++ b/packages/supermassive/src/__tests__/executeWithSchema.test.ts
@@ -52,6 +52,69 @@ describe("executeWithSchema - @defer behavior", () => {
     );
   }
 
+  const topLevelDeferDefinitions = parse(`
+    type Query {
+      critical: String
+      deferred: String
+    }
+  `);
+
+  const topLevelDeferDocument = parse(`
+    {
+      critical
+      ... @defer {
+        deferred
+      }
+    }
+  `);
+
+  test("emits top-level deferred patches when early execution is disabled and initial fields are synchronous", async () => {
+    const deferred = createDeferred<string>();
+
+    const result = await Promise.resolve(
+      executeWithSchema({
+        document: topLevelDeferDocument,
+        definitions: topLevelDeferDefinitions,
+        resolvers: {
+          Query: {
+            critical: () => "critical",
+            deferred: () => deferred.promise,
+          },
+        },
+      }),
+    );
+
+    expect(result).toMatchObject({
+      initialResult: {
+        data: {
+          critical: "critical",
+        },
+        hasNext: true,
+      },
+    });
+
+    if (!("initialResult" in result)) {
+      throw new Error("Expected an incremental result");
+    }
+
+    const subsequentResultPromise = result.subsequentResults.next();
+    deferred.resolve("deferred");
+
+    await expect(subsequentResultPromise).resolves.toMatchObject({
+      value: {
+        incremental: [
+          {
+            data: {
+              deferred: "deferred",
+            },
+          },
+        ],
+        hasNext: false,
+      },
+      done: false,
+    });
+  });
+
   test("includes deferred fields in the initial response when they complete within the merge timeout", async () => {
     const result = await executeTestQuery(
       {
diff --git a/packages/supermassive/src/executeWithoutSchema.ts b/packages/supermassive/src/executeWithoutSchema.ts
index 001dbcfea..228989005 100644
--- a/packages/supermassive/src/executeWithoutSchema.ts
+++ b/packages/supermassive/src/executeWithoutSchema.ts
@@ -341,6 +341,16 @@ function executeOperation(
           undefined,
           exeContext.enableEarlyExecution ? patches : undefined,
         );
+        if (!exeContext.enableEarlyExecution) {
+          startExecutingPatches(
+            exeContext,
+            rootTypeName,
+            rootValue,
+            path,
+            patches,
+            undefined,
+          );
+        }
         result = buildResponse(exeContext, result);
         break;
       case "mutation":
@@ -352,6 +362,16 @@ function executeOperation(
           groupedFieldSet,
           exeContext.enableEarlyExecution ? patches : undefined,
         );
+        if (!exeContext.enableEarlyExecution) {
+          startExecutingPatches(
+            exeContext,
+            rootTypeName,
+            rootValue,
+            path,
+            patches,
+            undefined,
+          );
+        }
         result = buildResponse(exeContext, result);
         break;
       case "subscription": {
@@ -372,20 +392,6 @@ function executeOperation(
         );
     }
 
-    if (!exeContext.enableEarlyExecution) {
-      for (const patch of patches) {
-        const { label, groupedFieldSet: patchGroupedFieldSet } = patch;
-        executeDeferredFragment(
-          exeContext,
-          rootTypeName,
-          rootValue,
-          patchGroupedFieldSet,
-          label,
-          path,
-        );
-      }
-    }
-
     return result;
   } catch (error) {
     exeContext.errors.push(error as GraphQLError);