diff --git a/flax/nnx/__init__.py b/flax/nnx/__init__.py
index ac0fd2391..37eba3f10 100644
--- a/flax/nnx/__init__.py
+++ b/flax/nnx/__init__.py
@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@
 from .rnglib import fork_rngs as fork_rngs
 from .rnglib import reseed as reseed
 from .rnglib import split_rngs as split_rngs
+from .rnglib import with_rngs as with_rngs
 from .rnglib import restore_rngs as restore_rngs
 from .spmd import PARTITION_NAME as PARTITION_NAME
 from .spmd import get_partition_spec as get_partition_spec
diff --git a/flax/nnx/rnglib.py b/flax/nnx/rnglib.py
index 6e7d0c9db..37e3aa0c0 100644
--- a/flax/nnx/rnglib.py
+++ b/flax/nnx/rnglib.py
@@ -725,6 +725,106 @@ def __enter__(self):
   def __exit__(self, *args):
     restore_rngs(self)
 
+def with_rngs(tree, split=None, fork=None, only=True, graph=False):
+  """Returns a copy of ``tree`` with ``RngStream`` objects replaced according to
+  ``split`` and ``fork`` rules.
+
+  ``split`` controls which streams are **split** — after splitting, each call
+  to the stream produces one key from an array of pre-generated keys rather
+  than a single key.  ``fork`` controls which of the remaining streams are
+  **forked** — each call to a forked stream produces a unique key derived from
+  the parent counter.  Streams that match neither rule are returned unchanged.
+
+  Args:
+    tree: A pytree that may contain ``RngStream`` objects (e.g. an ``Rngs``
+      instance, a module, or any nested structure).
+    split: Specifies which streams to split and into what shape.  Can be:
+
+      * An ``int`` or ``tuple[int, ...]`` — split *all* streams into this
+        shape, equivalent to ``{...: split}``.
+      * A :class:`~flax.nnx.filterlib.Filter`-keyed mapping where each value
+        is an ``int`` or ``tuple[int, ...]``.  The first matching filter wins.
+
+    fork: A :class:`~flax.nnx.filterlib.Filter` selecting which streams not
+      already handled by ``split`` should be forked.  Pass ``...`` to fork all
+      remaining streams.
+    graph: If ``True``, uses graph-mode which supports the full
+      NNX feature set including shared references. If ``False``, uses
+      tree-mode which treats Modules as regular JAX pytrees, avoiding
+      the overhead of the graph protocol.
+
+  Returns:
+    A new tree of the same structure as ``tree`` with ``RngStream`` objects
+    replaced by split or forked copies as specified.
+
+  Example — split all streams::
+
+    >>> from flax import nnx
+    ...
+    >>> rngs = nnx.Rngs(params=0, dropout=1)
+    >>> new_rngs = nnx.with_rngs(rngs, split=4)
+    >>> new_rngs.params.key.shape
+    (4,)
+    >>> new_rngs.dropout.key.shape
+    (4,)
+
+  Example — split some streams, fork the rest::
+
+    >>> rngs = nnx.Rngs(params=0, dropout=1)
+    >>> new_rngs = nnx.with_rngs(rngs, split={'params': 4}, fork=...)
+    >>> new_rngs.params.key.shape
+    (4,)
+    >>> new_rngs.dropout.key.shape   # forked: scalar key, advanced counter
+    ()
+
+  Example — per-filter split shapes::
+
+    >>> rngs = nnx.Rngs(params=0, dropout=1, noise=2)
+    >>> new_rngs = nnx.with_rngs(rngs, split={
+    ...   'params': 4,    # split params into 4 keys
+    ...   ...: (2, 4),    # split anything else into 2×4 keys
+    ... })
+    >>> new_rngs.params.key.shape
+    (4,)
+    >>> new_rngs.noise.key.shape
+    (2, 4)
+
+  """
+  if split is None:
+    split = {}
+  elif isinstance(split, (int, tuple)):
+    split = {...: split}
+  if isinstance(fork, str) or not isinstance(fork, tp.Sequence):
+    fork = [fork]
+  split_predicates = [(k, filterlib.to_predicate(k), v) for k, v in split.items()]
+  fork_predicates = [(p, filterlib.to_predicate(p)) for p in fork]
+  only_predicate = filterlib.to_predicate(only)
+
+  def f(path, val):
+    if isinstance(val, RngStream) and only_predicate(path, val):
+      results = {}
+      for (filter, predicate, num_splits) in split_predicates:
+        if predicate(path, val):
+          results['split'] = (filter, num_splits)
+          break
+      for (filter, predicate) in fork_predicates:
+        if predicate(path, val):
+          results['fork'] = (filter,)
+          break
+      if len(results) > 1:
+        fork_filter = results['fork'][0]
+        if fork_filter not in (..., True):
+          rule_descriptions = '\n'.join(f'  - {rule} matches filter {info[0]!r}' for rule, info in results.items())
+          raise ValueError(
+            f"RngStream at path {path} matches multiple rules:\n{rule_descriptions}"
+          )
+      if 'split' in results:
+        return val.split(results['split'][1])
+      if 'fork' in results:
+        return val.fork()
+    return val
+
+  return graphlib.recursive_map(f, tree, graph=graph)
 
 @tp.overload
 def split_rngs(
diff --git a/tests/nnx/rngs_test.py b/tests/nnx/rngs_test.py
index 9f01582bd..7ff2fc01d 100644
--- a/tests/nnx/rngs_test.py
+++ b/tests/nnx/rngs_test.py
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 
 from functools import partial
 from typing import Any
+import re
 
 import jax
 import jax.numpy as jnp
@@ -239,5 +240,94 @@ def test_random_helpers(self):
     )
     np.testing.assert_allclose(x_nnx, x_jax)
 
+class TestWithRngs(parameterized.TestCase):
+  def test_split_int_splits_all_streams(self):
+    rngs = nnx.Rngs(params=0, dropout=1)
+    new_rngs = nnx.with_rngs(rngs, split=4)
+
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs.params.key.shape, (4,))
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs['dropout'].key.shape, (4,))
+
+  def test_split_tuple_splits_all_streams(self):
+    rngs = nnx.Rngs(params=0, dropout=1)
+    new_rngs = nnx.with_rngs(rngs, split=(2, 3))
+
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs.params.key.shape, (2, 3))
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs['dropout'].key.shape, (2, 3))
+
+  def test_fork_forks_all_streams(self):
+    rngs = nnx.Rngs(params=0, dropout=1)
+    original_params_key = rngs.params.key[...]
+    original_dropout_key = rngs['dropout'].key[...]
+
+    new_rngs = nnx.with_rngs(rngs, fork=...)
+
+    # Forked keys are scalar and differ from originals
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs.params.key.shape, ())
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs['dropout'].key.shape, ())
+    self.assertFalse(jnp.array_equal(new_rngs.params.key[...], original_params_key))
+    self.assertFalse(jnp.array_equal(new_rngs['dropout'].key[...], original_dropout_key))
+
+  def test_split_mapping_applies_per_filter(self):
+    rngs = nnx.Rngs(params=0, dropout=1, noise=2)
+    new_rngs = nnx.with_rngs(rngs, split={'params': 4, ...: (2, 3)})
+
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs.params.key.shape, (4,))
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs['dropout'].key.shape, (2, 3))
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs.noise.key.shape, (2, 3))
+
+  def test_split_mapping_first_matching_filter_wins(self):
+    rngs = nnx.Rngs(params=0, dropout=1)
+    # 'params' filter comes before '...' so it should match first
+    new_rngs = nnx.with_rngs(rngs, split={'params': 4, ...: 8})
+
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs.params.key.shape, (4,))
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs['dropout'].key.shape, (8,))
+
+  def test_split_some_fork_rest(self):
+    rngs = nnx.Rngs(params=0, dropout=1)
+    new_rngs = nnx.with_rngs(rngs, split={'params': 4}, fork=...)
+
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs.params.key.shape, (4,))
+    # dropout not matched by split → forked (scalar)
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs['dropout'].key.shape, ())
+
+  def test_original_base_key_not_replaced(self):
+    # nnx.with_rngs advances the original stream's counter (consuming one step to
+    # derive the new keys) but does not replace the original's base key.
+    rngs = nnx.Rngs(params=0, dropout=1)
+    original_key_var = rngs.params.key
+
+    nnx.with_rngs(rngs, split=4)
+
+    self.assertIs(rngs.params.key, original_key_var)
+    self.assertEqual(rngs.params.key.shape, ())
+
+  def test_unmatched_streams_returned_unchanged(self):
+    rngs = nnx.Rngs(params=0, dropout=1)
+    # Only fork 'params'; 'dropout' matches neither split nor fork
+    new_rngs = nnx.with_rngs(rngs, fork='params')
+
+    self.assertIsNot(new_rngs['dropout'], rngs['dropout'])  # new tree, but...
+    self.assertTrue(jnp.array_equal(new_rngs['dropout'].key[...], rngs['dropout'].key[...]))
+    self.assertEqual(new_rngs['dropout'].key.shape, ())
+
+  def test_split_and_fork_same_stream_raises(self):
+    rngs = nnx.Rngs(params=0, dropout=1)
+    with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, re.compile(r"multiple rules")):
+      nnx.with_rngs(rngs, split={'params': 4}, fork='params')
+
+  def test_works_on_plain_pytree(self):
+    params_stream = nnx.RngStream(0, tag='params')
+    dropout_stream = nnx.RngStream(1, tag='dropout')
+    tree = {'a': params_stream, 'b': dropout_stream}
+
+    new_tree = nnx.with_rngs(tree, split=4)
+
+    self.assertEqual(new_tree['a'].key.shape, (4,))
+    self.assertEqual(new_tree['b'].key.shape, (4,))
+    # Originals unchanged
+    self.assertEqual(params_stream.key.shape, ())
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
   absltest.main()