diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/badge.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/badge.yml
index a6dc8ef..d4ab47e 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/badge.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/badge.yml
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ name: 🏅 Badge Request
 description: Request a contributor badge for your meaningful work on GoDarda
 labels: [recognition, needs-review]
 assignees:
-  - shubham-dev
+  - shubhamrdarda
 body:
   - type: markdown
     attributes:
@@ -44,4 +44,4 @@ body:
     id: message
     attributes:
       label: Optional message
-      description: Share anything you'd like us to know about your contribution or experience.
\ No newline at end of file
+      description: Share anything you'd like us to know about your contribution or experience.
diff --git a/.github/workflows/gdid_tracker.yml b/.github/workflows/gdid_tracker.yml
index ecd12a6..ef6f447 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/gdid_tracker.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/gdid_tracker.yml
@@ -10,10 +10,9 @@ on:
     branches:
       - develop
 
-# Grant write permissions to contents and pull requests
-permissions:
-  contents: write
-  pull-requests: write
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
   gdid-status-check:
@@ -34,6 +33,11 @@ jobs:
     if: github.event_name == 'push'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
+    # Grant write permissions to contents and pull requests
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      pull-requests: write
+
     steps:
       # Checkout the repository content with full history
       - name: Checkout repository
@@ -55,23 +59,17 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run GDID Tracker
         run: python assets/gdid_sets/gdid.py
 
-      # Configure Git identity for automated commits
-      - name: Configure Git
-        run: |
-          git config user.name "github-actions[bot]"
-          git config user.email "github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
-
       # Create a Pull Request with updated GDID sets
       - name: Create Pull Request
         id: cpr
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v7
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v8
         with:
-          commit-message: Auto-update GDID sets
-          title: Auto-update GDID sets
+          commit-message: 'Auto-update: GDID sets [skip ci]'
+          title: 'Auto-update: GDID sets [skip ci]'
           body: |
             This PR was created automatically by the GDID Tracker workflow.
             It includes updates to gdid_set*.txt and invalid.txt based on new usage references.
-          branch: gdid-update-${{ github.run_id }}
+          branch: gdid-update
           base: develop
           delete-branch: true
           labels: automated, gdid-update
@@ -79,9 +77,7 @@ jobs:
 
       # Enable auto-merge for the created Pull Request
       - name: Enable Auto-Merge
-        if: steps.cpr.outputs.pull-request-number != ''
-        uses: peter-evans/enable-pull-request-automerge@v3
-        with:
-          pull-request-number: ${{ steps.cpr.outputs.pull-request-number }}
-          merge-method: squash
-          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        if: steps.cpr.outputs.pull-request-number
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: gh pr merge gdid-update --auto --squash --delete-branch
diff --git a/.github/workflows/macos.yml b/.github/workflows/macos.yml
index 599095d..2056574 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/macos.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/macos.yml
@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ name: TestHarness (macOS)
 on:
   schedule:
     # Execute on the 31st for months with 31 days
-    - cron: '5 4 31 1,3,5,7,8,10,12 *'
+    - cron: '5 11 31 1,3,5,7,8,10,12 *'
     # Execute on the 30th for months with 30 days
-    - cron: '5 4 30 4,6,9,11 *'
+    - cron: '5 11 30 4,6,9,11 *'
     # Execute on the 29th of February (Leap years)
-    - cron: '5 4 29 2 *'
+    - cron: '5 11 29 2 *'
     # Execute on the 28th of February (Non-leap years)
-    - cron: '5 4 28 2 *'
+    - cron: '5 11 28 2 *'
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
@@ -31,12 +31,19 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
           python-version: '3.14'
+          cache: 'pip'
+          cache-dependency-path: tests/requirements.txt
 
       # Install project-specific Python dependencies
       - name: Install Python Dependencies
         run: |
           python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip > /dev/null 2>&1
-          pip install --quiet -r setups/requirements.txt > /dev/null 2>&1
+          pip install --quiet -r tests/requirements.txt > /dev/null 2>&1
+        shell: bash
+
+      # Install Playwright browsers and dependencies
+      - name: Install Playwright Browsers
+        run: python3 -m playwright install --with-deps
         shell: bash
 
       # Set up the Oracle Java 24 environment
@@ -84,4 +91,4 @@ jobs:
 
           # Execute the Python test suite
           python3 tests/run.py
-        shell: bash
\ No newline at end of file
+        shell: bash
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ubuntu.yml b/.github/workflows/ubuntu.yml
index dbc8063..5e60e99 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ubuntu.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ubuntu.yml
@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ name: TestHarness (Ubuntu)
 on:
   schedule:
     # Execute on the 31st for months with 31 days
-    - cron: '15 4 31 1,3,5,7,8,10,12 *'
+    - cron: '15 11 31 1,3,5,7,8,10,12 *'
     # Execute on the 30th for months with 30 days
-    - cron: '15 4 30 4,6,9,11 *'
+    - cron: '15 11 30 4,6,9,11 *'
     # Execute on the 29th of February (Leap years)
-    - cron: '15 4 29 2 *'
+    - cron: '15 11 29 2 *'
     # Execute on the 28th of February (Non-leap years)
-    - cron: '15 4 28 2 *'
+    - cron: '15 11 28 2 *'
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
@@ -31,12 +31,19 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
           python-version: '3.14'
+          cache: 'pip'
+          cache-dependency-path: tests/requirements.txt
 
       # Install project-specific Python dependencies
       - name: Install Python Dependencies
         run: |
           python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip --quiet
-          pip install --disable-pip-version-check --no-cache-dir --quiet -r setups/requirements.txt
+          pip install --disable-pip-version-check --no-cache-dir --quiet -r tests/requirements.txt
+        shell: bash
+
+      # Install Playwright browsers and dependencies
+      - name: Install Playwright Browsers
+        run: python3 -m playwright install --with-deps
         shell: bash
 
       # Set up the Oracle Java 24 environment
@@ -89,4 +96,4 @@ jobs:
 
           # Execute the Python test suite
           python3 tests/run.py
-        shell: bash
\ No newline at end of file
+        shell: bash
diff --git a/.github/workflows/windows.yml b/.github/workflows/windows.yml
index 4cce620..a93486a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/windows.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/windows.yml
@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ name: TestHarness (Windows)
 on:
   schedule:
     # Execute on the 31st for months with 31 days
-    - cron: '25 4 31 1,3,5,7,8,10,12 *'
+    - cron: '25 11 31 1,3,5,7,8,10,12 *'
     # Execute on the 30th for months with 30 days
-    - cron: '25 4 30 4,6,9,11 *'
+    - cron: '25 11 30 4,6,9,11 *'
     # Execute on the 29th of February (Leap years)
-    - cron: '25 4 29 2 *'
+    - cron: '25 11 29 2 *'
     # Execute on the 28th of February (Non-leap years)
-    - cron: '25 4 28 2 *'
+    - cron: '25 11 28 2 *'
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
@@ -31,12 +31,19 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
           python-version: '3.14'
+          cache: 'pip'
+          cache-dependency-path: tests/requirements.txt
 
       # Install project-specific Python dependencies
       - name: Install Python Dependencies
         run: |
           python -m pip install --upgrade pip > $null 2>&1
-          pip install --quiet -r setups/requirements.txt > $null 2>&1
+          pip install --quiet -r tests/requirements.txt > $null 2>&1
+        shell: pwsh
+
+      # Install Playwright browsers and dependencies
+      - name: Install Playwright Browsers
+        run: python -m playwright install --with-deps
         shell: pwsh
 
       # Set up Ruby environment and install dependencies
@@ -82,7 +89,7 @@ jobs:
             Write-Error "Server failed to start within timeout. Aborting tests."
             exit 1
           }
-          
+
           # Execute the Python test suite
           python tests/run.py
-        shell: pwsh
\ No newline at end of file
+        shell: pwsh
diff --git a/.vscode/settings.json b/.vscode/settings.json
index ef13632..0635e34 100644
--- a/.vscode/settings.json
+++ b/.vscode/settings.json
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
     "explorer.excludeGitIgnore": true,
 
     // Python Linting & IntelliSense
+    "python.terminal.activateEnvironment": true, // Auto-activates the venv in new terminals
     "python.linting.enabled": true,              // Enables linting in VS Code
     "python.linting.pylintEnabled": true,        // Uses Pylint for linting
     "python.formatting.provider": "black",       // Uses Black for consistent formatting
diff --git a/404.html b/404.html
index 22cca7e..869e36e 100644
--- a/404.html
+++ b/404.html
@@ -1,14 +1,56 @@
----
-title: 404 Page Not Found
-layout: none
-robots: noindex
----
-
 <!DOCTYPE html>
-<html>
-{%- include head.html -%}
+<html><head>
+    <title>404 Page Not Found</title>
+    <meta property="og:title" content="404 Page Not Found" />
+    <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" />
+    <meta property="og:site_name" content="GoDarda" />
+    <meta property="og:type" content="website" />
+    <meta property="og:image" content="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/master/assets/images/logo.jpg" />
+    <meta charset="utf-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=0" />
+    <meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
+    <meta name="referrer" content="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" /><meta name="robots" content="noindex" /><meta name="keywords" content="404 Page Not Found" /><meta name="description" content="404 Page Not Found" /><meta name="author" content="Shubham Darda" />
+    <link rel="icon" href="/assets/images/icon.png">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.8/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-sRIl4kxILFvY47J16cr9ZwB07vP4J8+LH7qKQnuqkuIAvNWLzeN8tE5YBujZqJLB" crossorigin="anonymous">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap-icons@1.13.1/font/bootstrap-icons.css">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/assets/css/color.css">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/assets/css/gd.css">
+    <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com">
+    <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
+    <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
+    <script>
+    const getStoredTheme = () => localStorage.getItem('theme');
+    const setStoredTheme = theme => localStorage.setItem('theme', theme);
+
+    const getPreferredTheme = () => {
+        const storedTheme = getStoredTheme();
+        if (storedTheme) {
+            return storedTheme;
+        }
+        setStoredTheme('auto');
+        return 'auto';
+    };
+
+    const setTheme = theme => {
+        document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-bs-theme', (theme === 'auto' ? (window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches ? 'dark' : 'light') : theme));
+        document.dispatchEvent(new Event('themeChanged'));
+    };
 
-<body>
+    setTheme(getPreferredTheme());
+    window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').addEventListener('change', () => {
+        const storedTheme = getStoredTheme();
+        if (storedTheme !== 'light' && storedTheme !== 'dark') {
+            setTheme(getPreferredTheme());
+        }
+    });
+    </script>
+    <script defer src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-4.0.0.min.js"></script>
+    <script defer src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.8/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha384-FKyoEForCGlyvwx9Hj09JcYn3nv7wiPVlz7YYwJrWVcXK/BmnVDxM+D2scQbITxI" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
+    <script defer src="/assets/js/gd.js"></script>
+    <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-8ZJLP1KH1R"></script>
+    <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com">
+    <base href="/">
+</head><body>
 <div class="container d-flex flex-column min-vh-100 min-vw-100">
     <div class="d-flex flex-grow-1 justify-content-center align-items-center">
         <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-md-8 col-lg-6 col-xl-5 col-xxl-4">
@@ -18,10 +60,10 @@ <h5 style="color: #b30000;"><i class="bi bi-emoji-frown"></i> 404 Page Not Found
             <div class="box card-footer">
                 <div style="color: var(--textcolor); font-weight: normal; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1rem;">The page you are looking for doesn't exist. We apologize for the inconvenience. You can use the links below to navigate:</div>
                 <div class="text-center">
-                    <a href="{{ site.url }}" class="btn btn-outline-secondary m-1"><i class="bi bi-house-door"></i> Home</a>
-                    <a href="{{ site.url }}/learn" class="btn btn-outline-secondary m-1"><i class="bi bi-book"></i> Learn</a>
-                    <a href="{{ site.url }}/tools" class="btn btn-outline-secondary m-1"><i class="bi bi-tools"></i> Tools</a>
-                    <a href="{{ site.url }}/about" class="btn btn-outline-secondary m-1"><i class="bi bi-info-circle"></i> About</a>
+                    <a href="https://godarda.in" class="btn btn-outline-secondary m-1"><i class="bi bi-house-door"></i> Home</a>
+                    <a href="https://godarda.in/learn" class="btn btn-outline-secondary m-1"><i class="bi-journal-code"></i> Learn</a>
+                    <a href="https://godarda.in/tools" class="btn btn-outline-secondary m-1"><i class="bi bi-tools"></i> Tools</a>
+                    <a href="https://godarda.in/about" class="btn btn-outline-secondary m-1"><i class="bi bi-info-circle"></i> About</a>
                 </div>
             </div>
         </div>
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 7907f5c..5842ca7 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -6,12 +6,11 @@ Whether you're here to contribute, need support, or just exploring how things wo
 
 ## 📚 Table of Contents
 
-- [Introduction](#introduction) 
+- [Introduction](#introduction)
 - [Project Status](#project-status)
 - [Cross-Platform CI Status](#cross-platform-ci-status)
 - [Technology Stack](#technology-stack)
 - [Contribution Guide](CONTRIBUTING.md)
-- [Support Guide](SUPPORT.md)
 - [Contributors](#contributors)
 - [License](#license)
 
@@ -81,21 +80,21 @@ We believe in recognition without noise, collaboration without ego, and learning
 
 Keep Learning, Keep Building, Keep Inspiring
 
-[gdcdhdg]: https://img.shields.io/badge/platforms-macOS%2C%20Ubuntu%2C%20Windows-blueviolet?logo=microsoft  
-[gdyzyvk]: https://img.shields.io/badge/GoDarda-Android%20App-bluegreen?logo=android  
-[gdycyiw]: https://img.shields.io/github/license/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=blue&logo=open-source-initiative  
-[gdypvzk]: https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=orange&logo=github  
-[gdpgpdw]: https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=brightgreen&logo=git  
-[gdkgddy]: https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/m/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=yellow&logo=git  
-[gdzveyt]: https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=red&logo=github  
-[gddaakl]: https://img.shields.io/github/issues/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=purple&logo=github  
-[gdwgvye]: https://img.shields.io/github/issues-pr/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=cyan&logo=github  
+[gdcdhdg]: https://img.shields.io/badge/platforms-macOS%2C%20Ubuntu%2C%20Windows-blueviolet?logo=microsoft
+[gdyzyvk]: https://img.shields.io/badge/GoDarda-Android%20App-bluegreen?logo=android
+[gdycyiw]: https://img.shields.io/github/license/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=blue&logo=open-source-initiative
+[gdypvzk]: https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=orange&logo=github
+[gdpgpdw]: https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=brightgreen&logo=git
+[gdkgddy]: https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/m/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=yellow&logo=git
+[gdzveyt]: https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=red&logo=github
+[gddaakl]: https://img.shields.io/github/issues/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=purple&logo=github
+[gdwgvye]: https://img.shields.io/github/issues-pr/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=cyan&logo=github
 [gdgnlyl]: https://img.shields.io/github/discussions/godarda/godarda.github.io?color=gold&logo=github
 [gdzytwa]: https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/actions/workflows/macos.yml/badge.svg
-[gdzynzx]: https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/actions/workflows/macos.yml  
+[gdzynzx]: https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/actions/workflows/macos.yml
 [gdkvdbh]: https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/actions/workflows/ubuntu.yml/badge.svg
-[gdiagyq]: https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/actions/workflows/ubuntu.yml  
+[gdiagyq]: https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/actions/workflows/ubuntu.yml
 [gdwwzzn]: https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/actions/workflows/windows.yml/badge.svg
 [gdabdte]: https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/actions/workflows/windows.yml
 [gddndwy]: https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=godarda/godarda.github.io
-[gdaepzd]: https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/blob/main/LICENSE
\ No newline at end of file
+[gdaepzd]: https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/blob/main/LICENSE
diff --git a/SUPPORT.md b/SUPPORT.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 0a5d38e..0000000
--- a/SUPPORT.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-# Support Guide
-
-Welcome to the GoDarda Support Guide.  
-Whether you're troubleshooting an issue, requesting a feature, or simply seeking clarity-this space is here to help you feel heard, supported, and empowered.
-
-Support at GoDarda isn't just reactive-it's collaborative. Every question, suggestion, and fix helps us build a better experience for everyone.
-
-## 📚 Table of Contents
-
-- [Introduction](#introduction)
-- [Reporting Issues](#reporting-issues)
-- [Requesting Features](#requesting-features)
-- [Asking Questions](#asking-questions)
-- [Improving Documentation](#improving-documentation)
-- [Requesting Recognition](#requesting-recognition)
-- [Sensitive or Private Topics](#sensitive-or-private-topics)
-- [Contributor Values](#contributor-values)
-
-## Introduction
-
-This guide explains how to get help, report issues, and contribute improvements to GoDarda.  
-It covers how to raise bugs, request features, ask questions, suggest documentation changes, and navigate sensitive topics with care.
-
-Whether you're a first-time contributor or a long-time collaborator, this guide ensures your voice is part of the conversation-and your input leads to meaningful change.
-
-## Reporting Issues
-
-If you've encountered a bug or unexpected behavior:
-
-- Use our [Bug Report Form](https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/issues/new?template=bug.yml) for structured reporting.
-- Include clear reproduction steps, screenshots, and environment details.
-- For security-related issues, please refer to our [Security Policy](https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/blob/main/SECURITY.md).
-
-## Requesting Features
-
-Have an idea that could improve GoDarda?
-
-- Submit a [Feature Request](https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/issues/new?template=feature.yml).
-- Describe the problem it solves and its potential impact on other users.
-- We welcome thoughtful suggestions that align with our mission of scalable, inclusive design.
-
-## Asking Questions
-
-Need help understanding something?
-
-- Use the [Question Form](https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/issues/new?template=question.yml).
-- Or start a conversation in [GitHub Discussions](https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/discussions) - ideal for open-ended questions and community input.
-
-## Improving Documentation
-
-Found something unclear in our guides or onboarding?
-
-- Submit a [Documentation Improvement](https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/issues/new?template=documentation.yml).
-- We value every suggestion that helps contributors feel confident and informed.
-
-## Requesting Recognition
-
-Made a meaningful contribution and want to be recognized?
-
-- Use our [Badge Request Form](https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/issues/new?template=badge-request.yml).
-- Recognition helps us celebrate the spirit of open-source collaboration.
-
-## Sensitive or Private Topics
-
-For private questions, sensitive reports, or anything you'd prefer not to post publicly:
-
-- Reach out via [Discussions](https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/discussions) or contact a maintainer directly.
-
-## Contributor Values
-
-We believe in:
-- Clear communication  
-- Respectful collaboration  
-- Recognition for meaningful effort  
-- Scalable solutions that empower others
-
-Please review our [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md) before engaging.
-
-# Thank You!
-Thank you for being part of GoDarda.  
-Your questions spark clarity, your suggestions shape direction, and your contributions build the foundation of a more inclusive, inspiring open-source space.
-
-Together, we're not just writing code-we're designing a culture of trust, creativity, and shared growth.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_data/about.yml b/_data/about.yml
index c34c391..d1776e7 100644
--- a/_data/about.yml
+++ b/_data/about.yml
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ grandparent:
 - parent: Contribution Guide
   subtree: Contribute
   url: about/contribute
+- parent: Support Guide
+  subtree: Support
+  url: about/support
 - parent: Terms of Use
   subtree: Terms
   url: about/terms
@@ -14,17 +17,3 @@ grandparent:
 - parent: Disclaimer
   subtree: Disclaimer
   url: about/disclaimer
-sidenav:
-- parent: About Us
-  url: about
-  children: 
-  - title: Frequently Asked Questions
-    url: about/faqs
-  - title: Contribution Guide
-    url: about/contribute
-  - title: Terms of Use
-    url: about/terms
-  - title: Privacy Policy
-    url: about/privacy
-  - title: Disclaimer
-    url: about/disclaimer
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_data/gd.yml b/_data/gd.yml
index e3b74f9..8af3b62 100644
--- a/_data/gd.yml
+++ b/_data/gd.yml
@@ -1,116 +1,104 @@
 segments:
   - title: C Programming
     url: c
-    parent: " / C "
+    parent: " C "
 
   - title: C++ Programming
     url: cpp
-    parent: " / C++ "
+    parent: " C++ "
 
   - title: Java Programming
     url: java
-    parent: " / Java "
+    parent: " Java "
 
   - title: Python Programming
     url: python
-    parent: " / Python "
+    parent: " Python "
 
   - title: Data Science
     url: ds
-    parent: " / DS "
+    parent: " DS "
 
   - title: R Programming
     url: r
-    parent: " / R "
+    parent: " R "
 
   - title: Julia Programming
     url: julia
-    parent: " / Julia "
-
-  - title: GNU Octave
-    url: octave
-    parent: " / Octave "
+    parent: " Julia "
 
   - title: C# Programming
     url: csharp
-    parent: " / CSharp "
-
-  - title: F# Programming
-    url: fsharp
-    parent: " / FSharp "
+    parent: " CSharp "
 
   - title: Rust Programming
     url: rust
-    parent: " / Rust "
-
-  - title: LISP Programming
-    url: lisp
-    parent: " / LISP "
+    parent: " Rust "
 
   - title: Data Structures and Algorithms
     url: dsa
-    parent: " / DSA "
+    parent: " DSA "
 
   - title: Linux Commands and Scripting
     url: linux
-    parent: " / Linux "
+    parent: " Linux "
 
   - title: MySQL (Relational Database)
     url: mysql
-    parent: " / MySQL "
+    parent: " MySQL "
 
   - title: MongoDB (NoSQL Database)
     url: mongodb
-    parent: " / MongoDB "
-
-  - title: Selenium WebDriver
-    url: selenium
-    parent: " / Selenium "
+    parent: " MongoDB "
 
   - title: Computer Graphics
     url: cg
-    parent: " / CG "
+    parent: " CG "
 
-  - title: Assembly Programming
-    url: asm
-    parent: " / ASM "
+  - title: Selenium WebDriver
+    url: selenium
+    parent: " Selenium "
 
-  - title: Cluster
+  - title: Explore Cluster
     url: cluster
-    parent: " / Cluster "
-
-  - title: About Us
-    url: about
-    parent: " / About "
+    parent: " Cluster "
 
   - title: Tools
     url: tools
-    parent: " / Tools "
+    parent: " Tools "
 
   - title: Calculators
     url: calculators
-    parent: " / Calculators "
+    parent: " Calculators "
 
   - title: Converters
     url: converters
-    parent: " / Converters "
+    parent: " Converters "
 
   - title: Generators
     url: generators
-    parent: " / Generators "
+    parent: " Generators "
 
   - title: Utilities
     url: utilities
-    parent: " / Utilities "
+    parent: " Utilities "
 
   - title: Programming and Tutorials
     url: learn
-    parent: " / Learn "
+    parent: " Learn "
+
+  - title: About
+    url: about
+    parent: " About "
+
+  - title: Settings and More
+    url: settings
+    parent: " Settings "
 
   - title: Shubham Darda
     url: shubhamrdarda
-    parent: " / Shubham Darda "
+    parent: " Shubham Darda "
 
   - title: GoDarda's TestApp
     url: testapp
-    parent: " / TestApp "
+    parent: " TestApp "
diff --git a/_data/learn/asm.yml b/_data/learn/asm.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index b2b8ccf..0000000
--- a/_data/learn/asm.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-grandparent:
-- parent: 32-bit Assembly Programming
-  subtree: 32-bit
-  url: asm/32-bit
-  children:
-  - url: asm/32-bit/gdvxqaz
-    title: ALP to print Hello World (32-bit)
-  - url: asm/32-bit/gdbhdky
-    title: ALP to print Hello World using times directive (32-bit)
-  - url: asm/32-bit/gdaeavq
-    title: ALP to print the stars using macro (32-bit)
-  - url: asm/32-bit/gdbqeza
-    title: ALP to print the stars using times directive (32-bit)
-  - url: asm/32-bit/gdzkizy
-    title: ALP to print the ASCII hex to hexadecimal number (32-bit)
-  - url: asm/32-bit/gdqnwvz
-    title: ALP to print the given alphanumeric characters (32-bit)
-  - url: asm/32-bit/gdvvdud
-    title: ALP to print the length of a given string (32-bit)
-  - url: asm/32-bit/gdvakeg
-    title: ALP to identify the Central Processing Unit (CPU) type (32-bit)
-  - url: asm/32-bit/gddmaee
-    title: ALP to print the values of registers in protected mode (32-bit)
-- parent: 64-bit Assembly Programming
-  subtree: 64-bit
-  url: asm/64-bit
-  children:
-  - url: asm/64-bit/gdatnak
-    title: ALP to print Hello World without using macro (64-bit)
-  - url: asm/64-bit/gdsgpyl
-    title: ALP to print Hello World using macro (64-bit)
-  - url: asm/64-bit/gdwagtz
-    title: ALP to print the given string using macro (64-bit)
-  - url: asm/64-bit/gdcgame
-    title: ALP to print the length of a given string (64-bit)
-  - url: asm/64-bit/gdwdwaz
-    title: ALP to reverse a given string (64-bit)
-  - url: asm/64-bit/gdwzqyk
-    title: ALP to check whether a given string is palindrome (64-bit)
-  - url: asm/64-bit/gdvyzpn
-    title: ALP menu-driven program to perform the string operations (64-bit)
-  - url: asm/64-bit/gdvnyvi
-    title: ALP to convert the hexadecimal to BCD number (64-bit)
-  - url: asm/64-bit/gdvthab
-    title: ALP to convert the Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) to hexadecimal number (64-bit)
-  - url: asm/64-bit/gdgywzg
-    title: ALP to print the addition of N hexadecimal number (64-bit)
-sidenav:
-- parent: Assembly Programming
-  url: asm
-  children:
-  - title: 32-bit Assembly Programming
-    url: asm/32-bit
-  - title: 64-bit Assembly Programming
-    url: asm/64-bit
diff --git a/_data/learn/c.yml b/_data/learn/c.yml
index a0ff2b3..8ab02ee 100644
--- a/_data/learn/c.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/c.yml
@@ -123,21 +123,3 @@ grandparent:
     title: C program to find the address of variables
   - url: c/pointers/gdlwgzw
     title: C program to print the length of a given array without using sizeof
-sidenav:
-- parent: C Programming
-  url: c
-  children:
-  - title: C Fundamentals
-    url: c/fundamentals
-  - title: C Control Statements
-    url: c/controls
-  - title: C Loops
-    url: c/loops
-  - title: C Strings
-    url: c/strings
-  - title: C Arrays
-    url: c/arrays
-  - title: C Functions
-    url: c/functions
-  - title: C Pointers
-    url: c/pointers
diff --git a/_data/learn/cg.yml b/_data/learn/cg.yml
index afe8532..cc1a075 100644
--- a/_data/learn/cg.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/cg.yml
@@ -112,17 +112,3 @@ grandparent:
     title: C++ program for Bresenham's circle drawing algorithm using OpenGL
   - url: cg/opengl/gdfuygg
     title: C++ program for 8 X 8 Chess Board using OpenGL
-sidenav:
-- parent: Computer Graphics
-  url: cg
-  children:
-  - title: Line Drawing Programs
-    url: cg/line
-  - title: Circle Drawing Programs
-    url: cg/circle
-  - title: Geometric Shapes
-    url: cg/shapes
-  - title: Computer Graphics Algorithms
-    url: cg/algorithms
-  - title: OpenGL
-    url: cg/opengl
diff --git a/_data/learn/cluster.yml b/_data/learn/cluster.yml
index 4f46dec..f289976 100644
--- a/_data/learn/cluster.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/cluster.yml
@@ -1,4 +1,138 @@
 grandparent:
+- parent: Assembly Programming
+  subtree: ASM
+  url: cluster/asm
+  children:
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdvxqaz
+    title: ALP to print Hello World (32-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdbhdky
+    title: ALP to print Hello World using times directive (32-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdaeavq
+    title: ALP to print the stars using macro (32-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdbqeza
+    title: ALP to print the stars using times directive (32-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdzkizy
+    title: ALP to print the ASCII hex to hexadecimal number (32-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdqnwvz
+    title: ALP to print the given alphanumeric characters (32-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdvvdud
+    title: ALP to print the length of a given string (32-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdvakeg
+    title: ALP to identify the Central Processing Unit (CPU) type (32-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gddmaee
+    title: ALP to print the values of registers in protected mode (32-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdatnak
+    title: ALP to print Hello World without using macro (64-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdsgpyl
+    title: ALP to print Hello World using macro (64-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdwagtz
+    title: ALP to print the given string using macro (64-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdcgame
+    title: ALP to print the length of a given string (64-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdwdwaz
+    title: ALP to reverse a given string (64-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdwzqyk
+    title: ALP to check whether a given string is palindrome (64-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdvyzpn
+    title: ALP menu-driven program to perform the string operations (64-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdvnyvi
+    title: ALP to convert the hexadecimal to BCD number (64-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdvthab
+    title: ALP to convert the Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) to hexadecimal number (64-bit)
+  - url: cluster/asm/gdgywzg
+    title: ALP to print the addition of N hexadecimal number (64-bit)
+- parent: F# Programming
+  subtree: FSharp
+  url: cluster/fsharp
+  children:
+  - url: cluster/fsharp/gdegsem
+    title: F# Hello World program
+  - url: cluster/fsharp/gdwpkzv
+    title: F# program to perform the arithmetic operations
+  - url: cluster/fsharp/gdewzhw
+    title: F# program to perform the boolean operations
+  - url: cluster/fsharp/gdxmvyy
+    title: F# program to calculate the area and circumference of a circle
+  - url: cluster/fsharp/gdzegce
+    title: F# program to check the given number is even or odd
+  - url: cluster/fsharp/gdhadwu
+    title: F# program to check the given number is positive or negative
+- parent: LISP Programming
+  subtree: LISP
+  url: cluster/lisp
+  children:
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdggdyw
+    title: CLISP Command Line Interface (CLI)
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdggadz
+    title: Maxima Command Line Interface (CLI)
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdydkmw
+    title: LISP Hello World program
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdvwwue
+    title: LISP program to perform the arithmetic operations
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdmalgp
+    title: LISP program to perform the bitwise operations
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdzedbg
+    title: LISP program to demonstrate the use of trigonometric functions
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdvagvz
+    title: LISP program to demonstrate the use of numeric conversion functions
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdiewcv
+    title: LISP program to calculate the square and cube of numbers
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdddysa
+    title: LISP program to find the min and max of two numbers
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdgoauk
+    title: LISP program to swap the given numbers
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdkdena
+    title: LISP program for the positive-negative test of a given number
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gduepzv
+    title: LISP program for the arithmetic operations using the case statements
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdzzzay
+    title: LISP program to print the even and odd numbers
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdtrkke
+    title: LISP program to perform the string operations
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gdzygzo
+    title: LISP program to check whether a given string is a palindrome
+  - url: cluster/lisp/gduzcrz
+    title: LISP program to find the area of a circle using a function
+- parent: GNU Octave
+  subtree: Octave
+  url: cluster/octave
+  children:
+  - url: cluster/octave/gdfxzpq
+    title: Octave Arithmetic Operations
+  - url: cluster/octave/gdeezgn
+    title: Octave Logical Operations
+  - url: cluster/octave/gddggad
+    title: How to generate random numbers in Octave
+  - url: cluster/octave/gdgeiev
+    title: Octave Exponents and Logarithms
+  - url: cluster/octave/gdazzam
+    title: Octave Trigonometric Functions
+  - url: cluster/octave/gduaulz
+    title: Octave basic string operations
+  - url: cluster/octave/gdeceiw
+    title: Octave string indexing
+  - url: cluster/octave/gdawdqp
+    title: Octave strings comparison
+  - url: cluster/octave/gdcvyzd
+    title: Octave to check the given string is alphanumeric
+- parent: Ranorex
+  subtree: Ranorex
+  url: cluster/ranorex
+  children:
+  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdwryqa
+    title: How to open and close a browser using the Process class in Ranorex
+  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdgvzyw
+    title: How to get a browser details using the WebDocument class in Ranorex
+  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdewwzv
+    title: How to select the Chrome context menu option in Ranorex
+  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdfzznc
+    title: How to compare the Excel sheets using Interop objects in Ranorex
+  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdcewwv
+    title: How to create, insert and save the Excel in Ranorex
+  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdgyvzz
+    title: How to read the Excel specific row and column data in Ranorex
+  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdwwilz
+    title: How to format the Excel sheet in Ranorex
 - parent: VBScript
   subtree: VBScript
   url: cluster/vbscript
@@ -51,29 +185,4 @@ grandparent:
     title: VBScript to create an Excel in one folder and paste into another folder
   - url: cluster/vbscript/gdyueyg
     title: VBScript to read the data from an Excel sheet using ADODB object
-- parent: Ranorex
-  subtree: Ranorex
-  url: cluster/ranorex
-  children:
-  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdwryqa
-    title: How to open and close a browser using the Process class in Ranorex
-  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdgvzyw
-    title: How to get a browser details using the WebDocument class in Ranorex
-  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdewwzv
-    title: How to select the Chrome context menu option in Ranorex
-  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdfzznc
-    title: How to compare the Excel sheets using Interop objects in Ranorex
-  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdcewwv
-    title: How to create, insert and save the Excel in Ranorex
-  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdgyvzz
-    title: How to read the Excel specific row and column data in Ranorex
-  - url: cluster/ranorex/gdwwilz
-    title: How to format the Excel sheet in Ranorex
-sidenav:
-- parent: Cluster
-  url: cluster
-  children:
-  - title: VBScript
-    url: cluster/vbscript
-  - title: Ranorex
-    url: cluster/ranorex
+
diff --git a/_data/learn/cpp.yml b/_data/learn/cpp.yml
index 0fd503d..b74b41f 100644
--- a/_data/learn/cpp.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/cpp.yml
@@ -113,21 +113,3 @@ grandparent:
     title: C++ program to demonstrate the use of math library functions
   - url: cpp/functions/gdvzzwn
     title: C++ program to print the current date and time
-sidenav:
-- parent: C++ Programming
-  url: cpp
-  children:
-  - title: C++ Fundamentals
-    url: cpp/fundamentals
-  - title: C++ Control Statements
-    url: cpp/controls
-  - title: C++ Loops
-    url: cpp/loops
-  - title: C++ Strings
-    url: cpp/strings
-  - title: C++ Arrays
-    url: cpp/arrays
-  - title: C++ Classes
-    url: cpp/classes
-  - title: C++ Functions
-    url: cpp/functions
diff --git a/_data/learn/csharp.yml b/_data/learn/csharp.yml
index 846b578..38659fc 100644
--- a/_data/learn/csharp.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/csharp.yml
@@ -239,43 +239,3 @@ grandparent:
     title: C# program to create a table in MySQL
   - url: csharp/dbc/gdqzgqw
     title: C# MySQL to insert and retrieve the records from a table
-sidenav:
-- parent: C# Programming
-  url: csharp
-  children:
-  - title: C# Fundamentals
-    url: csharp/fundamentals
-  - title: C# Control Statements
-    url: csharp/controls
-  - title: C# Loops
-    url: csharp/loops
-  - title: C# Strings
-    url: csharp/strings
-  - title: C# Arrays
-    url: csharp/arrays
-  - title: C# Classes
-    url: csharp/classes
-  - title: C# Methods
-    url: csharp/methods
-  - title: C# Inheritance
-    url: csharp/inheritance
-  - title: C# Polymorphism
-    url: csharp/polymorphism
-  - title: C# Abstraction
-    url: csharp/abstraction
-  - title: C# Namespaces
-    url: csharp/namespaces
-  - title: C# Collections
-    url: csharp/collections
-  - title: C# Exception Handling
-    url: csharp/exceptions
-  - title: C# File Handling
-    url: csharp/fileio
-  - title: C# Regular Expressions
-    url: csharp/re
-  - title: C# Multithreading
-    url: csharp/multithreading
-  - title: C# Reflection
-    url: csharp/reflection
-  - title: C# Database Connectivity
-    url: csharp/dbc
diff --git a/_data/learn/ds.yml b/_data/learn/ds.yml
index 577f5e3..bb48dd0 100644
--- a/_data/learn/ds.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/ds.yml
@@ -17,11 +17,3 @@ grandparent:
   children:
   - url: ds/visualization/gdleovy
     title: Python Pandas to create a bar graph using the matplotlib module
-sidenav:
-- parent: Data Science
-  url: ds
-  children:
-  - title: Data Analysis
-    url: ds/analysis
-  - title: Data Visualization
-    url: ds/visualization
diff --git a/_data/learn/dsa.yml b/_data/learn/dsa.yml
index 0557983..239d87d 100644
--- a/_data/learn/dsa.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/dsa.yml
@@ -43,17 +43,3 @@ grandparent:
   children:
   - url: dsa/applications/gdzdguw
     title: C++ program for Tic-Tac-Toe game
-sidenav:
-- parent: Data Structures and Algorithms
-  url: dsa
-  children:
-  - title: Data Structures Fundamentals
-    url: dsa/fundamentals
-  - title: Searching Algorithms
-    url: dsa/searching
-  - title: Sorting Algorithms
-    url: dsa/sorting
-  - title: Shortest Path Algorithms
-    url: dsa/trees
-  - title: Applications of Data Structures
-    url: dsa/applications
diff --git a/_data/learn/fsharp.yml b/_data/learn/fsharp.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index b7aad8f..0000000
--- a/_data/learn/fsharp.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-grandparent:
-- parent: F# Fundamentals
-  subtree: Fundamentals
-  url: fsharp/fundamentals
-  children:
-  - url: fsharp/fundamentals/gdegsem
-    title: F# Hello World program
-  - url: fsharp/fundamentals/gdwpkzv
-    title: F# program to perform the arithmetic operations
-  - url: fsharp/fundamentals/gdewzhw
-    title: F# program to perform the boolean operations
-  - url: fsharp/fundamentals/gdxmvyy
-    title: F# program to calculate the area and circumference of a circle
-- parent: F# Control Statements
-  subtree: Controls
-  url: fsharp/controls
-  children:
-  - url: fsharp/controls/gdzegce
-    title: F# program to check the given number is even or odd
-  - url: fsharp/controls/gdhadwu
-    title: F# program to check the given number is positive or negative
-sidenav:
-- parent: F# Programming
-  url: fsharp
-  children:
-  - title: F# Fundamentals
-    url: fsharp/fundamentals
-  - title: F# Control Statements
-    url: fsharp/controls
diff --git a/_data/learn/java.yml b/_data/learn/java.yml
index d0352c3..f0c4766 100644
--- a/_data/learn/java.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/java.yml
@@ -276,39 +276,3 @@ grandparent:
     title: Java MongoDB to insert and retrieve the documents from a collection
   - url: java/jdbc/gdnegld
     title: Java MongoDB to insert the JSON file documents into a collection
-sidenav:
-- parent: Java Programming
-  url: java
-  children:
-  - title: Java Fundamentals
-    url: java/fundamentals
-  - title: Java Control Statements
-    url: java/controls
-  - title: Java Loops
-    url: java/loops
-  - title: Java Strings
-    url: java/strings
-  - title: Java Arrays
-    url: java/arrays
-  - title: Java Classes
-    url: java/classes
-  - title: Java Methods
-    url: java/methods
-  - title: Java Inheritance
-    url: java/inheritance
-  - title: Java Polymorphism
-    url: java/polymorphism
-  - title: Java Abstraction
-    url: java/abstraction
-  - title: Java Collections
-    url: java/collections
-  - title: Java Exception Handling
-    url: java/exceptions
-  - title: Java Regular Expressions
-    url: java/re
-  - title: Java Multithreading
-    url: java/multithreading
-  - title: Java AWT and Swing Graphics
-    url: java/awt
-  - title: Java Database Connectivity (JDBC)
-    url: java/jdbc
diff --git a/_data/learn/julia.yml b/_data/learn/julia.yml
index 8c72788..e650423 100644
--- a/_data/learn/julia.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/julia.yml
@@ -8,10 +8,3 @@ grandparent:
   - url: julia/fundamentals/gdavgeq
     title: Julia Logical Operations
   - url: julia/fundamentals/gdadvew
-    title: Julia Exponents and Logarithms
-sidenav:
-- parent: Julia Programming
-  url: julia
-  children:
-  - title: Julia Fundamentals
-    url: julia/fundamentals
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_data/learn/learn.yml b/_data/learn/learn.yml
index 8ca6e2b..47476c0 100644
--- a/_data/learn/learn.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/learn.yml
@@ -27,26 +27,14 @@ segments:
     url: julia
     parent: "Julia"
 
-  - title: GNU Octave
-    url: octave
-    parent: "Octave"
-
   - title: C# Programming
     url: csharp
     parent: "CSharp"
 
-  - title: F# Programming
-    url: fsharp
-    parent: "FSharp"
-
   - title: Rust Programming
     url: rust
     parent: "Rust"
 
-  - title: LISP Programming
-    url: lisp
-    parent: "LISP"
-
   - title: Data Structures and Algorithms
     url: dsa
     parent: "DSA"
@@ -58,23 +46,19 @@ segments:
   - title: MySQL (Relational Database)
     url: mysql
     parent: "MySQL"
-    
+
   - title: MongoDB (NoSQL Database)
     url: mongodb
     parent: "MongoDB"
-    
-  - title: Selenium WebDriver
-    url: selenium
-    parent: "Selenium"
 
   - title: Computer Graphics
     url: cg
     parent: "CG"
 
-  - title: Assembly Programming
-    url: asm
-    parent: "ASM"
+  - title: Selenium WebDriver
+    url: selenium
+    parent: "Selenium"
 
-  - title: Cluster
+  - title: Explore Cluster
     url: cluster
-    parent: "Cluster"
\ No newline at end of file
+    parent: "Cluster"
diff --git a/_data/learn/linux.yml b/_data/learn/linux.yml
index 837efd7..43524d8 100644
--- a/_data/learn/linux.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/linux.yml
@@ -53,11 +53,3 @@ grandparent:
   - url: linux/bash/gdzzdvl
     title: Bash shell script to convert all uppercase letters in a file to lowercase
       letters
-sidenav:
-- parent: Linux Commands and Scripting
-  url: linux
-  children:
-  - title: Linux Commands
-    url: linux/commands
-  - title: Bash Shell Scripting
-    url: linux/bash
diff --git a/_data/learn/lisp.yml b/_data/learn/lisp.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 7889ce2..0000000
--- a/_data/learn/lisp.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-grandparent:
-- parent: LISP (List Processing) Fundamentals
-  subtree: Fundamentals
-  url: lisp/fundamentals
-  children:
-  - url: lisp/fundamentals/gdggdyw
-    title: CLISP Command Line Interface (CLI)
-  - url: lisp/fundamentals/gdggadz
-    title: Maxima Command Line Interface (CLI)
-  - url: lisp/fundamentals/gdydkmw
-    title: LISP Hello World program
-  - url: lisp/fundamentals/gdvwwue
-    title: LISP program to perform the arithmetic operations
-  - url: lisp/fundamentals/gdmalgp
-    title: LISP program to perform the bitwise operations
-  - url: lisp/fundamentals/gdzedbg
-    title: LISP program to demonstrate the use of trigonometric functions
-  - url: lisp/fundamentals/gdvagvz
-    title: LISP program to demonstrate the use of numeric conversion functions
-  - url: lisp/fundamentals/gdiewcv
-    title: LISP program to calculate the square and cube of numbers
-  - url: lisp/fundamentals/gdddysa
-    title: LISP program to find the min and max of two numbers
-  - url: lisp/fundamentals/gdgoauk
-    title: LISP program to swap the given numbers
-- parent: LISP Control Statements
-  subtree: Controls
-  url: lisp/controls
-  children:
-  - url: lisp/controls/gdkdena
-    title: LISP program for the positive-negative test of a given number
-  - url: lisp/controls/gduepzv
-    title: LISP program for the arithmetic operations using the case statements
-- parent: LISP Loops
-  subtree: Loops
-  url: lisp/loops
-  children:
-  - url: lisp/loops/gdzzzay
-    title: LISP program to print the even and odd numbers
-- parent: LISP Strings
-  subtree: Strings
-  url: lisp/strings
-  children:
-  - url: lisp/strings/gdtrkke
-    title: LISP program to perform the string operations
-  - url: lisp/strings/gdzygzo
-    title: LISP program to check whether a given string is a palindrome
-- parent: LISP Functions
-  subtree: Functions
-  url: lisp/functions
-  children:
-  - url: lisp/functions/gduzcrz
-    title: LISP program to find the area of a circle using a function
-sidenav:
-- parent: LISP Programming
-  url: lisp
-  children:
-  - title: LISP Fundamentals
-    url: lisp/fundamentals
-  - title: LISP Control Statements
-    url: lisp/controls
-  - title: LISP Loops
-    url: lisp/loops
-  - title: LISP Strings
-    url: lisp/strings
-  - title: LISP Functions
-    url: lisp/functions
diff --git a/_data/learn/mongodb.yml b/_data/learn/mongodb.yml
index 74dfbb7..66bf173 100644
--- a/_data/learn/mongodb.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/mongodb.yml
@@ -25,11 +25,3 @@ grandparent:
     title: MongoDB Projection (limiting and sorting data)
   - url: mongodb/crud/gdwawvv
     title: MongoDB Update a Document
-sidenav:
-- parent: MongoDB (NoSQL Database)
-  url: mongodb
-  children:
-  - title: MongoDB Fundamentals
-    url: mongodb/fundamentals
-  - title: MongoDB CRUD Operations
-    url: mongodb/crud
diff --git a/_data/learn/mysql.yml b/_data/learn/mysql.yml
index 58d5f37..9fd2484 100644
--- a/_data/learn/mysql.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/mysql.yml
@@ -47,13 +47,3 @@ grandparent:
     title: MySQL JOINS (INNER, LEFT, RIGHT)
   - url: mysql/dml/gdzsgwd
     title: MySQL DELETE Statement
-sidenav:
-- parent: MySQL (Relational Database)
-  url: mysql
-  children:
-  - title: MySQL Fundamentals
-    url: mysql/fundamentals
-  - title: MySQL Data Definition
-    url: mysql/ddl
-  - title: MySQL Data Manipulation
-    url: mysql/dml
diff --git a/_data/learn/octave.yml b/_data/learn/octave.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 74a6911..0000000
--- a/_data/learn/octave.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-grandparent:
-- parent: Octave Fundamentals
-  subtree: Fundamentals
-  url: octave/fundamentals
-  children:
-  - url: octave/fundamentals/gdfxzpq
-    title: Octave Arithmetic Operations
-  - url: octave/fundamentals/gdeezgn
-    title: Octave Logical Operations
-  - url: octave/fundamentals/gddggad
-    title: How to generate random numbers in Octave
-  - url: octave/fundamentals/gdgeiev
-    title: Octave Exponents and Logarithms
-  - url: octave/fundamentals/gdazzam
-    title: Octave Trigonometric Functions
-- parent: Octave Strings
-  subtree: Strings
-  url: octave/strings
-  children:
-  - url: octave/strings/gduaulz
-    title: Octave basic string operations
-  - url: octave/strings/gdeceiw
-    title: Octave string indexing
-  - url: octave/strings/gdawdqp
-    title: Octave strings comparison
-  - url: octave/strings/gdcvyzd
-    title: Octave to check the given string is alphanumeric
-sidenav:
-- parent: GNU Octave
-  url: octave
-  children:
-  - title: Octave Fundamentals
-    url: octave/fundamentals
-  - title: Octave Strings
-    url: octave/strings
diff --git a/_data/learn/python.yml b/_data/learn/python.yml
index 792d25b..2d25bea 100644
--- a/_data/learn/python.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/python.yml
@@ -157,25 +157,3 @@ grandparent:
     title: Python MongoDB to connect, create database, and collection
   - url: python/dbc/gdgulma
     title: Python MongoDB to insert and retrieve the documents from a collection
-sidenav:
-- parent: Python Programming
-  url: python
-  children:
-  - title: Python Fundamentals
-    url: python/fundamentals
-  - title: Python Control Statements
-    url: python/controls
-  - title: Python Loops
-    url: python/loops
-  - title: Python Strings
-    url: python/strings
-  - title: Python Data Structures
-    url: python/ds
-  - title: Python Arrays
-    url: python/arrays
-  - title: Python File Handling
-    url: python/fileio
-  - title: Python Networking
-    url: python/networking
-  - title: Python Database Connectivity
-    url: python/dbc
diff --git a/_data/learn/r.yml b/_data/learn/r.yml
index 702e2c3..ebbd87f 100644
--- a/_data/learn/r.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/r.yml
@@ -19,9 +19,3 @@ grandparent:
     title: R Matrices
   - url: r/cli/gdazeek
     title: R Data Frames
-sidenav:
-- parent: R Programming
-  url: r
-  children:
-  - title: R Command Line Interface (CLI)
-    url: r/cli
diff --git a/_data/learn/rust.yml b/_data/learn/rust.yml
index 6ce1917..7fb23c6 100644
--- a/_data/learn/rust.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/rust.yml
@@ -11,9 +11,3 @@ grandparent:
     title: Rust program to calculate the area and circumference of a circle
   - url: rust/fundamentals/gdgzdhx
     title: Rust program to accept the input from a user
-sidenav:
-- parent: Rust Programming
-  url: rust
-  children:
-  - title: Rust Fundamentals
-    url: rust/fundamentals
diff --git a/_data/learn/selenium.yml b/_data/learn/selenium.yml
index e8070ff..70edeb2 100644
--- a/_data/learn/selenium.yml
+++ b/_data/learn/selenium.yml
@@ -133,23 +133,3 @@ grandparent:
     title: How to use and implement TestNG Listeners
   - url: selenium/testng/gdysafu
     title: How to generate Extent Reports in Selenium WebDriver
-sidenav:
-- parent: Selenium WebDriver
-  url: selenium
-  children:
-  - title: Selenium Fundamentals
-    url: selenium/fundamentals
-  - title: Selenium Locators
-    url: selenium/locators
-  - title: Selenium XPath
-    url: selenium/xpath
-  - title: Classes in Selenium
-    url: selenium/classes
-  - title: Interfaces in Selenium
-    url: selenium/interfaces
-  - title: Selenium Page Object Model
-    url: selenium/pom
-  - title: Selenium Data Driven Framework
-    url: selenium/ddf
-  - title: Selenium TestNG
-    url: selenium/testng
diff --git a/_data/tools/calculators.yml b/_data/tools/calculators.yml
index c58e07a..13427c1 100644
--- a/_data/tools/calculators.yml
+++ b/_data/tools/calculators.yml
@@ -21,11 +21,3 @@ grandparent:
   children:
   - url: calculators/scientific/gdizhat
     title: Trigonometry Calculator
-sidenav:
-- parent: Calculators
-  url: calculators
-  children:
-  - title: Common Calculators
-    url: calculators/common
-  - title: Scientific Calculators
-    url: calculators/scientific
diff --git a/_data/tools/converters.yml b/_data/tools/converters.yml
index 0066330..4f11a2e 100644
--- a/_data/tools/converters.yml
+++ b/_data/tools/converters.yml
@@ -67,17 +67,3 @@ grandparent:
   children:
   - url: converters/algorithm/gdeggcz
     title: Hashing Converter
-sidenav:
-- parent: Converters
-  url: converters
-  children:
-  - title: Common Converters
-    url: converters/common
-  - title: Physics Converters
-    url: converters/physics
-  - title: Digital Converters
-    url: converters/digital
-  - title: Lifestyle Converters
-    url: converters/lifestyle
-  - title: Algorithm Converters
-    url: converters/algorithm
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_data/tools/generators.yml b/_data/tools/generators.yml
index 648434b..2480d0b 100644
--- a/_data/tools/generators.yml
+++ b/_data/tools/generators.yml
@@ -7,9 +7,3 @@ grandparent:
     title: String Generator
   - url: generators/common/gdgeldi
     title: Number Generator
-sidenav:
-- parent: Generators
-  url: generators
-  children:
-  - title: Common Generators
-    url: generators/common
diff --git a/_data/tools/utilities.yml b/_data/tools/utilities.yml
index 7ffb278..cb6743d 100644
--- a/_data/tools/utilities.yml
+++ b/_data/tools/utilities.yml
@@ -7,9 +7,3 @@ grandparent:
     title: Timer
   - url: utilities/common/gddwork
     title: Stopwatch
-sidenav:
-- parent: Utilities
-  url: utilities
-  children:
-  - title: Common Utilities
-    url: utilities/common
diff --git a/_includes/comments.html b/_includes/comments.html
index da8fb8e..6f46e45 100644
--- a/_includes/comments.html
+++ b/_includes/comments.html
@@ -1,5 +1,18 @@
 <div class="board"><div class="boardtitle">Comments and Reactions</div>
-    <div style="padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;">
+    <div style="position: relative; padding: 10px 10px 5px 10px;">
+        <!-- Invisible gutter to capture edge swipes over the iframe on touch devices -->
+        <style>
+            .giscus-swipe-gutter { display: none; }
+            @media (pointer: coarse) {
+                .giscus-swipe-gutter {
+                    display: block;
+                    position: absolute;
+                    top: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0;
+                    width: 40px; z-index: 10;
+                }
+            }
+        </style>
+        <div class="giscus-swipe-gutter"></div>
         <div id="giscus-container"></div>
         <script>
             function loadGiscus() {
@@ -32,4 +45,4 @@
             document.addEventListener('themeChanged', loadGiscus);
         </script>
     </div>
-</div>
\ No newline at end of file
+</div>
diff --git a/_includes/footer_app.html b/_includes/footer_app.html
index af7ef6e..afd1eb4 100644
--- a/_includes/footer_app.html
+++ b/_includes/footer_app.html
@@ -1,62 +1,136 @@
-{%- if path[1] == "about" and path[2] == nil -%}{%- assign about_section = "about_home_true" -%}
-{%- elsif path[1] == "about" and path[2] != nil -%}{%- assign about_section = "about_home_false" -%}{%- endif -%}
-<div id="app" class="container {{ about_section }}" style="display: none;">
+{%- if path[1] == "settings" and path[2] == nil -%}{%- assign settings = "settings_true" -%}
+{%- elsif path[1] == "settings" and path[2] != nil -%}{%- assign settings = "settings_false" -%}{%- endif -%}
+
+<div id="app" class="container {{ settings }}" style="display: none;">
     <div class="board">
-        <div class="boardtitle">Resources</div>
-        <a class="card" href="about/faqs">Frequently Asked Questions</a>
-        <a class="card" href="about/contribute">Contribution Guide</a>
-        <a class="card" href="about/terms">Terms of Use</a>
-        <a class="card" href="about/privacy">Privacy Policy</a>
-        <a class="card" href="about/disclaimer">Disclaimer</a>
+        <div class="boardtitle"><i class="bi bi-collection pe-2"></i> Resources</div>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="about/"><i class="bi bi-question-circle pe-2"></i> About</a>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="about/faqs"><i class="bi bi-star pe-2"></i> Frequently Asked Questions</a>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="about/contribute"><i class="bi bi-git pe-2"></i> Contribution Guide</a>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="about/support"><i class="bi bi-headset pe-2"></i> Support Guide</a>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="about/terms"><i class="bi bi-file-text pe-2"></i> Terms of Use</a>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="about/privacy"><i class="bi bi-shield-check pe-2"></i> Privacy Policy</a>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="about/disclaimer"><i class="bi bi-exclamation-triangle pe-2"></i> Disclaimer</a>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="shubhamrdarda"><i class="bi bi-person-square pe-2"></i> Meet Architect</a>
     </div>
     <div class="board">
-        <div class="boardtitle">Contribute</div>
-        <a class="card" href="{{ site.data.url.teams }}">Join Teams</a>
-        <a class="card" href="{{ site.data.url.issues }}">Report Bug</a>
-        <a class="card" href="{{ site.data.url.releases }}">Releases</a>
+        <div class="boardtitle"><i class="bi bi-heart pe-2"></i> Contribute</div>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="{{ site.data.url.teams }}"><i class="bi bi-people pe-2"></i> Join Teams</a>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="{{ site.data.url.issues }}"><i class="bi bi-bug pe-2"></i> Report Bug</a>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="{{ site.data.url.releases }}"><i class="bi bi-box-seam pe-2"></i> Releases</a>
     </div>
     <div class="board">
-        <div class="boardtitle">Social Handles</div>
-        <a class="card" href="{{ site.data.url.linkedin }}">LinkedIn</a>
-        <a class="card" href="{{ site.data.url.github }}">GitHub</a>
-        <a class="card" href="{{ site.data.url.discord }}">Discord</a>
+        <div class="boardtitle"><i class="bi bi-share pe-2"></i> Social Handles</div>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="{{ site.data.url.linkedin }}"><i class="bi bi-linkedin pe-2"></i> LinkedIn</a>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="{{ site.data.url.github }}"><i class="bi bi-github pe-2"></i> GitHub</a>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="{{ site.data.url.discord }}"><i class="bi bi-discord pe-2"></i> Discord</a>
     </div>
     <div class="board">
-        <div class="boardtitle">App Settings</div>
-        <a id="version" class="card disabled"></a>
-        <a id="resetapp" class="card" href="reset:">Reset App (History, Cache, etc.)</a>
+        <div class="boardtitle"><i class="bi bi-sliders pe-2"></i> App Settings</div>
+        <a id="version" class="card disabled flex-row align-items-center"><i class="bi bi-info-circle pe-2"></i> App Version: Loading...</a>
+        <a id="resetapp" class="card flex-row align-items-center" href="reset:"><i class="bi bi-arrow-counterclockwise pe-2"></i> Reset Application</a>
+        <a class="card flex-row align-items-center justify-content-between" id="toggle-double-tap">
+            <span><i class="bi bi-hand-index-thumb pe-2"></i> Double Tap Share</span>
+            <div class="form-check form-switch m-0">
+                <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" role="switch" id="doubleTapSwitch">
+            </div>
+        </a>
         <a class="card d-flex flex-row align-items-center justify-content-between">
-            <span>Theme: </span>
-            <div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="Theme toggle button group">
-                <input type="radio" class="btn-check" name="theme-radio" id="theme-auto" autocomplete="off" data-bs-theme-value="auto">
-                <label class="btn btn-outline-secondary" for="theme-auto">Auto</label>
-                <input type="radio" class="btn-check" name="theme-radio" id="theme-dark" autocomplete="off" data-bs-theme-value="dark">
-                <label class="btn btn-outline-secondary" for="theme-dark">Dark</label>
-                <input type="radio" class="btn-check" name="theme-radio" id="theme-light" autocomplete="off" data-bs-theme-value="light">
-                <label class="btn btn-outline-secondary" for="theme-light">Light</label>
+            <div class="me-2 text-nowrap" style="color: var(--textcolor);"><i class="bi bi-palette pe-2"></i> Theme:</div>
+            <div class="flex-shrink-1" style="min-width: 0;">
+                <div class="btn-group theme-pill" role="group" aria-label="Theme toggle button group" style="max-width: 100%;">
+                    <input type="radio" class="btn-check" name="theme-radio" id="theme-auto" autocomplete="off" data-bs-theme-value="auto">
+                    <label class="btn btn-outline-secondary" for="theme-auto" title="System Default">System Default</label>
+                    <input type="radio" class="btn-check" name="theme-radio" id="theme-light" autocomplete="off" data-bs-theme-value="light">
+                    <label class="btn btn-outline-secondary" for="theme-light" title="Light">Light</label>
+                    <input type="radio" class="btn-check" name="theme-radio" id="theme-dark" autocomplete="off" data-bs-theme-value="dark">
+                    <label class="btn btn-outline-secondary" for="theme-dark" title="Dark">Dark</label>
+                </div>
             </div>
         </a>
     </div>
+    <div class="text-center">
+        <small>&copy; {% assign current_year = 'now' | date: '%Y' %}{{ current_year }} {{ site.title }}.</small>
+    </div>
 </div>
 
+<style>
+div.wvnav {
+    position: fixed;
+    height: auto;
+    bottom: 0;
+    left: 0;
+    right: 0;
+    border-top: 1px solid var(--color1);
+    background-color: var(--wvnav);
+    box-shadow: 0 0 9px var(--navbar-shadow);
+    padding: 5px 0px 5px 0px;
+    z-index: 1030;
+    display: flex;
+}
+#isWebView {
+    padding-bottom: 170px;
+}
+a.wvnav-item {
+    text-align: center;
+    min-width: 0;
+    margin: 0;
+    padding: 0;
+    flex: 1;
+}
+a.wvnav-item>i {
+    padding: 3px 0px;
+}
+a.wvnav-item>div {
+    color: var(--bnw);
+    font-size: 13px;
+    white-space: nowrap;
+    overflow: hidden;
+    text-overflow: ellipsis;
+}
+a.wvnav-item>i.wvsvg {
+    font-size: 23px;
+}
+a.wvnav-item.wvnav-item-active>i {
+    background-color: var(--wvnav-item-active);
+    border-radius: 25px;
+    padding: 3px 20px;
+}
+.btn-group .btn {
+    overflow: hidden;
+    text-overflow: ellipsis;
+}
+.theme-pill .btn {
+    padding-left: 1rem;
+    padding-right: 1rem;
+    flex: 0 1 auto;
+    min-width: 0;
+    white-space: nowrap;
+}
+.theme-pill .btn:first-of-type {
+    border-top-left-radius: 50rem;
+    border-bottom-left-radius: 50rem;
+}
+.theme-pill .btn:last-of-type {
+    border-top-right-radius: 50rem;
+    border-bottom-right-radius: 50rem;
+}
+</style>
+
 <footer class="isWebView" id="isWebView" style="display: none;">
 {% assign tool_urls = site.data.tools.tools.segments | map: "url" %}
 {% assign learn_urls = site.data.learn.learn.segments | map: "url" %}
-{% if path[1] == nil %}
+{% if home %}
     {% assign f_home="wvnav-item-active" %}
 {% elsif path[1] == "tools" or tool_urls contains path[1] %}
     {% assign f_tools="wvnav-item-active" %}
-{% elsif path[1] == "about" or path[1] == "shubhamrdarda" %}
-    {% assign f_about="wvnav-item-active" %}
 {% elsif path[1] == "learn" or learn_urls contains path[1] %}
     {% assign f_learn="wvnav-item-active" %}
 {% endif %}
-<div class="d-flex justify-content-between wvnav">
-    <a class="wvnav-item {{ f_home }}" href="{{ site.url }}"><i class="wvsvg {{ f_home }}- bi {% if f_home == "wvnav-item-active" %}bi-house-heart-fill{% else %}bi-house-heart{% endif %}"></i><div class="text-center">Home</div></a>
-    <a class="wvnav-item {{ f_learn }}" href="{{ site.url }}/learn"><i class="wvsvg {{ f_learn }}-{{ path[1] }} bi {% if f_learn == "wvnav-item-active" %}bi-lightbulb-fill{% else %}bi-lightbulb{% endif %}"></i><div class="text-center">Learn</div></a>
-    <a id="share-button" class="wvnav-item" href="share:{{ site.url }}{{ page.url }}"><i class="wvsvg bi bi-share"></i><div class="text-center">Share</div></a>
-    <a class="wvnav-item {{ f_tools }}" href="{{ site.url }}/tools"><i class="wvsvg {{ f_tools }}-{{ path[1] }} bi {% if f_tools == "wvnav-item-active" %}bi-gear-fill{% else %}bi-gear{% endif %}"></i><div class="text-center">Tools</div></a>
-    <a class="wvnav-item {{ f_about }}" href="{{ site.url }}/about"><i class="wvsvg {{ f_about }}-about bi {% if f_about == "wvnav-item-active" %}bi-info-circle-fill{% else %}bi-info-circle{% endif %}"></i><div class="text-center">About</div></a>
+<div class="wvnav">
+    <a class="wvnav-item {{ f_home }}" href="{{ site.url }}"><i class="wvsvg {{ f_home }}- bi {% if f_home == "wvnav-item-active" %}bi-house-heart{% else %}bi-house-heart{% endif %}"></i><div class="text-center">Home</div></a>
+    <a class="wvnav-item {{ f_learn }}" href="{{ site.url }}/learn"><i class="wvsvg {{ f_learn }}-{{ path[1] }} bi {% if f_learn == "wvnav-item-active" %}bi-journal-code{% else %}bi-journal-code{% endif %}"></i><div class="text-center">Learn</div></a>
+    <a class="wvnav-item {{ f_tools }}" href="{{ site.url }}/tools"><i class="wvsvg {{ f_tools }}-{{ path[1] }} bi {% if f_tools == "wvnav-item-active" %}bi-tools{% else %}bi-tools{% endif %}"></i><div class="text-center">Tools</div></a>
 </div>
 </footer>
 
@@ -75,7 +149,7 @@
         const stored = localStorage.getItem(CACHE_KEY);
         if (stored) {
             cached = JSON.parse(stored);
-            versionElement.textContent = cached.value;
+            versionElement.innerHTML = `<i class="bi bi-info-circle pe-2"></i> ${cached.value}`;
         }
     } catch (e) {
         console.error("Error reading version from localStorage:", e);
@@ -96,7 +170,7 @@
         const response = await fetch(`https://api.github.com/repos/godarda/godarda.github.io/commits?per_page=10`, { cache: "no-store" });
         if (!response.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${response.status}`);
         const commits = await response.json();
-        const regex = /^v\d{2}\.\d{1,2}/;
+        const regex = /^v\d+(\.\d+)+/;
         let versionCommit = null;
 
         for (const commit of commits) {
@@ -106,15 +180,15 @@
         }
         if (versionCommit) {
             const result = `App Version: ${versionCommit}`;
-            versionElement.textContent = result;
+            versionElement.innerHTML = `<i class="bi bi-info-circle pe-2"></i> ${result}`;
             localStorage.setItem(CACHE_KEY, JSON.stringify({ value: result, timestamp: now.getTime() }));
         } else if (!cached) {
-            versionElement.textContent = fallbackVersion;
+            versionElement.innerHTML = `<i class="bi bi-info-circle pe-2"></i> ${fallbackVersion}`;
         }
     } catch (error) {
         console.error("Error fetching commits:", error);
         if (!cached) {
-            versionElement.textContent = fallbackVersion;
+            versionElement.innerHTML = `<i class="bi bi-info-circle pe-2"></i> ${fallbackVersion}`;
         }
     }
 }
@@ -122,34 +196,40 @@
 function setupAppView() {
     document.body.classList.add('is-webview');
     document.getElementById("isWebView").style.display = "block";
-    document.getElementById("backtotop").style.marginBottom = "100px";
+
+    const navbarSettings = document.getElementById("settings");
+    if (navbarSettings) {
+        navbarSettings.style.display = "block";
+    }
+
+    const globalPill = document.getElementById("global-action-pill");
+    if (globalPill) { globalPill.style.bottom = "85px"; }
 
     document.onselectstart = (e) => e.preventDefault();
     $('body').on('contextmenu', () => false);
 
-    const aboutSection = document.getElementById("app");
-    if (aboutSection && aboutSection.classList.contains("about_home_true")) {
-        aboutSection.style.display = "block";
-        document.getElementById("navbar-brand").style.marginLeft = "0px";
-        document.getElementById("lsidebar").style.display = "none";
-        document.getElementById("leftsidebar").style.display = "none";
-    } else if (aboutSection && aboutSection.classList.contains("about_home_false")) {
-        document.getElementById("navbar-brand").style.marginLeft = "0px";
-        document.getElementById("lsidebar").style.display = "none";
-    }
-
-    const shareButton = document.getElementById("share-button");
-    if (shareButton) {
-        let isClickDisabled = false;
-        shareButton.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
-            if (isClickDisabled) { event.preventDefault(); }
-            else { isClickDisabled = true; setTimeout(() => { isClickDisabled = false; }, 400); }
-        });
-        shareButton.addEventListener('dblclick', (event) => { event.preventDefault(); });
+    const settings = document.getElementById("app");
+    let isSettingsPage = false;
+    if (settings && settings.classList.contains("settings_true")) {
+        isSettingsPage = true;
+        settings.style.display = "block";
+        const navbarBrand = document.getElementById("navbar-brand");
+        if (navbarBrand) { navbarBrand.style.marginLeft = "0px"; }
+        const lsidebar = document.getElementById("lsidebar");
+        if (lsidebar) { lsidebar.style.display = "none"; }
+        const leftsidebar = document.getElementById("leftsidebar");
+        if (leftsidebar) { leftsidebar.style.display = "none"; }
+    } else if (settings && settings.classList.contains("settings_false")) {
+        const navbarBrand = document.getElementById("navbar-brand");
+        if (navbarBrand) { navbarBrand.style.marginLeft = "0px"; }
+        const lsidebar = document.getElementById("lsidebar");
+        if (lsidebar) { lsidebar.style.display = "none"; }
     }
 
     document.documentElement.addEventListener('dblclick', (event) => {
+        if (isSettingsPage) { return; }
         if (event.target.closest('a, button, .navbar, .wvnav')) { return; }
+        if (localStorage.getItem('doubleTapShare') === 'false') { return; }
         window.location.href = "share:{{ site.url }}{{ page.url }}";
     });
 
@@ -158,8 +238,17 @@
         $(this).css("color", "#00b050");
     });
 
+    const doubleTapSwitch = document.getElementById('doubleTapSwitch');
+    const doubleTapCard = document.getElementById('toggle-double-tap');
+    if (doubleTapSwitch && doubleTapCard) {
+        const isEnabled = localStorage.getItem('doubleTapShare') !== 'false';
+        doubleTapSwitch.checked = isEnabled;
+        doubleTapCard.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
+            if (e.target !== doubleTapSwitch) { doubleTapSwitch.checked = !doubleTapSwitch.checked; }
+            localStorage.setItem('doubleTapShare', doubleTapSwitch.checked);
+        });
+    }
+
     showVersion();
 }
-
-window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { if (window.isGoDardaApp) setupAppView(); });
 </script>
diff --git a/_includes/footer_web.html b/_includes/footer_web.html
index 2ba792c..5195813 100644
--- a/_includes/footer_web.html
+++ b/_includes/footer_web.html
@@ -1,19 +1,14 @@
-<div id="backtotop" class="text-center" style="display: none; padding-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px;"><a
-        class="back-to-top" style="cursor: pointer;" title="Back to top"><i
-            class="svgicon bi bi-arrow-bar-up"></i></a>
-</div>
-
-<div id="web-footer-container" style="display: none;">
-    {%- if path[1] == nil or path[1] == "testapp" -%}{%- assign flag = "block_webfooter" -%}{%- endif -%}
-    <footer class="isWebsite {{ flag }}" id="isWebsite" style="padding-top: 15px;">
+{%- if home or path[1] == "testapp" -%}{%- assign flag = "block_webfooter" -%}{%- endif -%}
+<div id="web-footer-container" style="display: none;" class="{% if flag == 'block_webfooter' %}mt-auto{% endif %}">
+    <footer class="isWebsite {{ flag }}" id="isWebsite" style="padding-top: 30px;">
     <div class="footer">
         <div class="container">
             <div class="row">
                 <div class="col-6 col-md-3" style="padding-bottom: 50px;">
                     <h6>What's new</h6>
-                    <a href="learn"><div><i class="bi bi-lightbulb"></i> Learn</div></a>
-                    <a href="tools"><div><i class="bi bi-gear"></i> Tools</div></a>
-                    <a style="cursor: pointer;" class="nav-link" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#appmodal"><div><i class="navsvg bi bi-android2"></i> Android App</div></a>
+                    <a href="learn"><div><i class="bi-journal-code"></i> Learn</div></a>
+                    <a href="tools"><div><i class="bi bi-tools"></i> Tools</div></a>
+                    <a href="#" style="cursor: pointer;" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#appmodal"><div><i class="navsvg bi bi-android2"></i> Android App</div></a>
                 </div>
                 <div class="col-6 col-md-3" style="padding-bottom: 50px;">
                     <h6>Contribute</h6>
@@ -23,7 +18,7 @@ <h6>Contribute</h6>
                 </div>
                 <div class="col-6 col-md-3" style="padding-bottom: 50px;">
                     <h6>GoDarda</h6>
-                    <a href="about"><div><i class="bi bi-question-circle"></i> About Us</div></a>
+                    <a href="about"><div><i class="bi bi-question-circle"></i> About</div></a>
                     <a href="about/faqs"><div><i class="bi bi-star"></i> FAQs</div></a>
                     <a href="shubhamrdarda"><div><i class="bi bi-person-square"></i> Meet Architect</div></a>
                 </div>
@@ -72,23 +67,12 @@ <h5 class="modal-title" id="appmodalLabel"><i class="bi bi-android2"></i> GoDard
 function setupWebAppView() {
     const rsidebar = document.getElementById("rsidebar");
     if (rsidebar) { rsidebar.removeAttribute("style"); }
-
     const webFooterContainer = document.getElementById("web-footer-container");
     const webfooter = document.getElementById("isWebsite");
-    const webCopyright = document.getElementById("webCopyright");
-    const backToTop = document.getElementById("backtotop");
 
     if (webFooterContainer) {
         webFooterContainer.style.display = "block";
         if (webfooter && webfooter.classList.contains("block_webfooter")) { webfooter.style.display = "none"; }
     }
-
-    // If the copyright footer is fixed (Home Page), add extra margin to the Back to Top button
-    if (webCopyright && webCopyright.classList.contains("fixed-bottom") && backToTop) {
-        backToTop.style.marginBottom = "70px";
-    }
 }
-
-window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { if (!window.isGoDardaApp) setupWebAppView(); });
-
 </script>
diff --git a/_includes/head.html b/_includes/head.html
deleted file mode 100644
index df66d89..0000000
--- a/_includes/head.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-<head>
-    <title>{{ page.title }}</title>
-    <meta property="og:title" content="{{ page.title }}" />
-    <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" />
-    <meta property="og:site_name" content="{{ site.title }}" />
-    <meta property="og:type" content="website" />
-    <meta property="og:image" content="{{ site.og }}" />
-    <meta charset="utf-8">
-    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=0" />
-    <meta name="referrer" content="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" />
-    {%- if page.robots -%}<meta name="robots" content="{{ page.robots }}" />{%- endif -%}
-    <meta name="keywords" content="{{ page.title }}" />
-    {%- if page.description == nil -%}<meta name="description" content="{{ page.title }}" />{%- else -%}<meta name="description" content="{{ page.description }}" />{%- endif -%}
-    <meta name="author" content="{{ site.architect }}" />
-    <link rel="icon" href="{{ site.icon | relative_url }}">
-    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ site.bs_css }}" integrity="{{ site.bs_cssi }}" crossorigin="anonymous">
-    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ site.bs_icons }}">
-    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ site.gd_color_css | relative_url }}">
-    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ site.gd_css | relative_url }}">
-    <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com">
-    <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
-    <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
-    <script>
-    const getStoredTheme = () => localStorage.getItem('theme');
-    const setStoredTheme = theme => localStorage.setItem('theme', theme);
-
-    const getPreferredTheme = () => {
-        const storedTheme = getStoredTheme();
-        if (storedTheme) {
-            return storedTheme;
-        }
-        setStoredTheme('auto');
-        return 'auto';
-    };
-
-    const setTheme = theme => {
-        document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-bs-theme', (theme === 'auto' ? (window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches ? 'dark' : 'light') : theme));
-        document.dispatchEvent(new Event('themeChanged'));
-    };
-
-    setTheme(getPreferredTheme());
-    window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').addEventListener('change', () => {
-        const storedTheme = getStoredTheme();
-        if (storedTheme !== 'light' && storedTheme !== 'dark') {
-            setTheme(getPreferredTheme());
-        }
-    });
-    </script>
-    <script defer src="{{ site.jquery }}"></script>
-    <script defer src="{{ site.bs_js }}" integrity="{{ site.bs_jsi }}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
-    <script defer src="{{ site.gd_js | relative_url }}"></script>
-    <script async src="{{ site.analytics }}"></script>
-    <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com">
-    <base href="{{ '/' | relative_url }}">
-</head>
-
-{%- assign path = page.url | split: '/' -%}
-{%- assign seg_key = path[1] | default: '' -%}
-{%- assign seg_obj = site.data.gd.segments | where: 'url', seg_key | first -%}
-
-{%- if seg_obj -%}
-    {%- assign segment = seg_obj.title -%}
-    {%- if seg_obj.parent -%}
-        {%- assign parent = seg_obj.parent -%}
-    {%- endif -%}
-{%- else -%}
-    {%- assign segment = site.title -%}
-{%- endif -%}
-
-{%- assign gd = nil -%}
-{%- if seg_key != '' -%}
-    {%- if site.data[seg_key] -%}
-        {%- assign gd_temp = site.data[seg_key] -%}
-        {%- if gd_temp.grandparent -%}{%- assign gd = gd_temp -%}
-        {%- elsif gd_temp[seg_key] and gd_temp[seg_key].grandparent -%}{%- assign gd = gd_temp[seg_key] -%}{%- endif -%}
-    {%- endif -%}
-    {%- if gd == nil -%}
-        {%- for data_file in site.data -%}
-            {%- assign sub_data = data_file[1] -%}
-            {%- if sub_data[seg_key] and sub_data[seg_key].grandparent -%}
-                {%- assign gd = sub_data[seg_key] -%}
-                {%- break -%}
-            {%- endif -%}
-        {%- endfor -%}
-    {%- endif -%}
-{%- endif -%}
-
-{%- if gd -%}
-    {%- for item in gd.grandparent -%}
-        {%- if page.url contains item.url -%}
-            {%- assign child = item.subtree -%}
-            {%- if item.parent -%}
-                {%- assign segment = item.parent -%}
-            {%- endif -%}
-        {%- endif -%}
-    {%- endfor -%}
-{%- endif -%}
-
-{%- unless parent -%}
-    {%- if seg_key == '' -%}
-        {%- assign parent = ' GoDarda' -%}
-    {%- else -%}
-        {%- assign parent = ' / ' | append: segment | append: ' / ' -%}
-    {%- endif -%}
-{%- endunless -%}
diff --git a/_includes/search.html b/_includes/search.html
index 4c2b3af..048e4d2 100644
--- a/_includes/search.html
+++ b/_includes/search.html
@@ -6,42 +6,153 @@
 -->
 
 {%- assign path = page.url | split: '/' -%}
+{%- if path[1] == nil -%}{%- assign home = true -%}{%- endif -%}
 <!-- Set global JS variables for search context and JSON URL -->
 <script>window.gd_path1 = '{{ path[1] | default: "search" }}';</script>
 <script>window.gd_search_url = '{{ "/search.json" | relative_url }}';</script>
 <!-- Load the main search script -->
 <script src="{{ site.search_js | relative_url }}"></script>
-<div>
+<style>
+    #GDSInput {
+        border-radius: 0px;
+        border-right: none;
+        border-left: none;
+        padding-left: 0px;
+        font-size: 15px;
+    }
+
+    #mic_icon {
+        border-top-right-radius: 50rem;
+        border-bottom-right-radius: 50rem;
+        border: 1px solid var(--color1);
+        border-left: none;
+        color: #999;
+        padding-left: 10px;
+        padding-right: 15px;
+        background-color: var(--bs-body-bg);
+        cursor: pointer;
+        display: flex;
+        align-items: center;
+    }
+
+    #search_icon {
+        border-top-left-radius: 50rem;
+        border-bottom-left-radius: 50rem;
+        border: 1px solid var(--color1);
+        border-right: none;
+        color: #999;
+        padding-left: 15px;
+        padding-right: 10px;
+        background-color: var(--bs-body-bg);
+        display: flex;
+        align-items: center;
+        font-size: 16px;
+    }
+
+    #close_icon {
+        border: 1px solid var(--color1);
+        border-left: none;
+        border-right: none;
+        color: #999;
+        padding-left: 0px;
+        padding-right: 0px;
+        background-color: var(--bs-body-bg);
+        cursor: pointer;
+    }
+
+    #search-hints .btn-outline-secondary.active,
+    #search-hints .btn-outline-secondary:focus {
+        box-shadow: none;
+    }
+
+    .search-loading {
+        position: relative;
+        overflow: hidden;
+    }
+
+    .search-loading::after {
+        content: "";
+        position: absolute;
+        bottom: 0;
+        left: 0;
+        height: 2px;
+        z-index: 5;
+        width: var(--search-progress, 0%);
+        transition: width 0.1s linear;
+    }
+
+    .search-loading.indeterminate::after {
+        width: 100%;
+        transform: translateX(-100%);
+        animation: loading-slide 1.5s infinite;
+    }
+
+    @keyframes loading-slide {
+        0% {
+            transform: translateX(-100%);
+        }
+
+        100% {
+            transform: translateX(100%);
+        }
+    }
+    @keyframes spin { 100% { transform: rotate(360deg); } }
+    .spin-animation { animation: spin 0.5s linear; }
+    .search-results-elevated::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 6px; }
+    .search-results-elevated::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: transparent; }
+    .search-results-elevated::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background-color: rgba(150, 150, 150, 0.5); border-radius: 3px; }
+    .search-results-elevated { scrollbar-width: thin; scrollbar-color: rgba(150, 150, 150, 0.5) transparent; }
+
+    #search-backdrop {
+        position: fixed;
+        top: 0;
+        left: 0;
+        width: 100%;
+        height: 100%;
+        z-index: 1010;
+        background-color: var(--search-backdrop-color);
+        backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
+        -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
+        display: none;
+    }
+    .search-elevated {
+        position: relative;
+        z-index: 1020;
+    }
+    .search-results-elevated {
+        position: relative;
+        z-index: 1019;
+    }
+</style>
+<div class="container" {% if home %}style="min-height: 80vh; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center;"{% endif %}>
+    <div id="search-backdrop"></div>
     <center>
         <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-11 col-md-9 col-lg-7 col-xl-6 col-xxl-6" style="margin-bottom: 25px;">
-            {%- if path[1] == nil -%}
+            {%- if home -%}
             <!-- Display site title and tagline only on the home page -->
-            <h2 style="padding-top: 150px;" id="fc-{{ path[1] }}">GoDarda</h2>
+            <h2 id="fc-{{ path[1] }}">GoDarda</h2>
             <h6 style="padding-top: 5px; padding-bottom: 10px;">{{ site.tagline }}</h6>
             {%- endif -%}
 
             <!-- Main search input group -->
             <div id="GDS_input-{{ path[1] | default: 'search' }}" class="input-group input-group-lg">
-                <input id="GDSInput" class="form-control" type="text" tabindex="1"
-                    placeholder="{{ page.title }} (type to get the results)" style="border-right: 0;">
-                <!-- Voice search icon -->
-                <span id="mic_icon" class="input-group-text"
-                    style="cursor: pointer; background-color: var(--bs-body-bg); border-left: 0; border-right: 0; padding-left: 6px; padding-right: 6px;"><i class="bi bi-mic"></i></span>
                 <!-- Search icon (visible by default) -->
-                <span id="search_icon" class="input-group-text"
-                    style="background-color: var(--bs-body-bg); border-left: 0; padding-left: 6px; padding-right: 12px;"><i class="bi bi-search"></i></span>
+                <span id="search_icon" class="input-group-text"><i class="bi bi-search"></i></span>
+                <input id="GDSInput" class="form-control" type="text" tabindex="1"
+                    placeholder="{{ page.title }} (type to get the results)">
                 <!-- Close/clear icon (hidden by default) -->
-                <span id="close_icon" class="input-group-text"
-                    style="display: none; cursor: pointer; background-color: var(--bs-body-bg); border-left: 0; padding-left: 6px; padding-right: 12px;"><i class="bi bi-x-lg"></i></span>
+                <span id="close_icon" class="input-group-text" style="display: none;"><i class="bi bi-x-lg"></i></span>
+                <!-- Voice search icon -->
+                <span id="mic_icon" class="input-group-text"><i class="bi bi-mic"></i></span>
             </div>
             <!-- Container for search suggestions -->
-            <div id="suggestions-container" style="margin-top: 10px; text-align: left; display: none;">
-                <span class="text-muted" style="margin-right: 5px;"><i id="suggestion-light"
-                        class="bi bi-lightbulb"></i> Suggestions:</span>
-                <span id="search-suggestions"></span>
+            <div id="hints-container" style="margin-top: 10px; text-align: center; min-height: 35px;">
+                <span class="text-muted" style="margin-right: 5px;"><i id="hint-icon"
+                        class="bi bi-lightbulb"></i> Hints:</span>
+                <span id="search-hints"></span>
             </div>
             <!-- Container for displaying the number of search results -->
-            <div id="matchCount" class="text-muted small" style="margin-top:8px; display:none; text-align:left"></div>
+            <div id="matchCount" class="text-muted small" style="margin-top:8px; display:none; text-align:center"></div>
         </div>
 
         <!-- Main container where search results are rendered -->
diff --git a/_includes/tools.html b/_includes/tools.html
index 5291386..c217f81 100644
--- a/_includes/tools.html
+++ b/_includes/tools.html
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
     <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered">
         <div class="modal-content">
             <div class="modal-header">
-                <h5 class="modal-title" id="helpModalLabel"><i class="bi bi-info-circle"></i> {{ page.title }} Help</h5>
+                <h5 class="modal-title" id="helpModalLabel"><span id="fc-{{ path[1] }}"><i class="bi bi-info-circle"></i> {{ page.title }} Help</span></h5>
                 <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button>
             </div>
             <div class="modal-body">
diff --git a/_layouts/modern.html b/_layouts/modern.html
index c454998..5f3c023 100644
--- a/_layouts/modern.html
+++ b/_layouts/modern.html
@@ -1,18 +1,124 @@
 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html lang="en">
-{% include head.html %}
+<head>
+    <title>{{ page.title }}</title>
+    <meta property="og:title" content="{{ page.title }}" />
+    <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" />
+    <meta property="og:site_name" content="{{ site.title }}" />
+    <meta property="og:type" content="website" />
+    <meta property="og:image" content="{{ site.og | absolute_url }}" />
+    <meta charset="utf-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=0" />
+    <meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
+    <meta name="referrer" content="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" />
+    {%- if page.robots -%}<meta name="robots" content="{{ page.robots }}" />{%- endif -%}
+    <meta name="keywords" content="{{ page.title }}" />
+    {%- if page.description == nil -%}<meta name="description" content="{{ page.title }}" />{%- else -%}<meta name="description" content="{{ page.description }}" />{%- endif -%}
+    <meta name="author" content="{{ site.architect }}" />
+    <link rel="icon" href="{{ site.icon | relative_url }}">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ site.bs_css }}" integrity="{{ site.bs_cssi }}" crossorigin="anonymous">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ site.bs_icons }}">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ site.gd_color_css | relative_url }}">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ site.gd_css | relative_url }}">
+    <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com">
+    <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
+    <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
+    <script>
+    const getStoredTheme = () => localStorage.getItem('theme');
+    const setStoredTheme = theme => localStorage.setItem('theme', theme);
+
+    const getPreferredTheme = () => {
+        const storedTheme = getStoredTheme();
+        if (storedTheme) {
+            return storedTheme;
+        }
+        setStoredTheme('auto');
+        return 'auto';
+    };
+
+    const setTheme = theme => {
+        document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-bs-theme', (theme === 'auto' ? (window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches ? 'dark' : 'light') : theme));
+        document.dispatchEvent(new Event('themeChanged'));
+    };
+
+    setTheme(getPreferredTheme());
+    window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').addEventListener('change', () => {
+        const storedTheme = getStoredTheme();
+        if (storedTheme !== 'light' && storedTheme !== 'dark') {
+            setTheme(getPreferredTheme());
+        }
+    });
+    </script>
+    <script defer src="{{ site.jquery }}"></script>
+    <script defer src="{{ site.bs_js }}" integrity="{{ site.bs_jsi }}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
+    <script defer src="{{ site.gd_js | relative_url }}"></script>
+    <script async src="{{ site.analytics }}"></script>
+    <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com">
+    <base href="{{ '/' | relative_url }}">
+</head>
+
+{%- assign path = page.url | split: '/' -%}
+{%- if path[1] == nil -%}{%- assign home = true -%}{%- endif -%}
+{%- assign seg_key = path[1] | default: '' -%}
+{%- assign seg_obj = site.data.gd.segments | where: 'url', seg_key | first -%}
+
+{%- if seg_obj -%}
+    {%- assign segment = seg_obj.title -%}
+    {%- if seg_obj.parent -%}
+        {%- assign parent = seg_obj.parent -%}
+    {%- endif -%}
+{%- else -%}
+    {%- assign segment = site.title -%}
+{%- endif -%}
+
+{%- assign gd = nil -%}
+{%- if seg_key != '' -%}
+    {%- if site.data[seg_key] -%}
+        {%- assign gd_temp = site.data[seg_key] -%}
+        {%- if gd_temp.grandparent -%}{%- assign gd = gd_temp -%}
+        {%- elsif gd_temp[seg_key] and gd_temp[seg_key].grandparent -%}{%- assign gd = gd_temp[seg_key] -%}{%- endif -%}
+    {%- endif -%}
+    {%- if gd == nil -%}
+        {%- for data_file in site.data -%}
+            {%- assign sub_data = data_file[1] -%}
+            {%- if sub_data[seg_key] and sub_data[seg_key].grandparent -%}
+                {%- assign gd = sub_data[seg_key] -%}
+                {%- break -%}
+            {%- endif -%}
+        {%- endfor -%}
+    {%- endif -%}
+{%- endif -%}
+
+{%- if gd -%}
+    {%- for item in gd.grandparent -%}
+        {%- if page.url contains item.url -%}
+            {%- assign child = item.subtree -%}
+            {%- if item.parent -%}
+                {%- assign segment = item.parent -%}
+            {%- endif -%}
+        {%- endif -%}
+    {%- endfor -%}
+{%- endif -%}
+
+{%- unless parent -%}
+    {%- if seg_key == '' -%}
+        {%- assign parent = ' GoDarda' -%}
+    {%- else -%}
+        {%- assign parent = ' / ' | append: segment | append: ' / ' -%}
+    {%- endif -%}
+{%- endunless -%}
 
 <body>
-{%- assign main_pages = "shubhamrdarda,testapp,learn,tools" | split: ',' -%}
-{%- if path[1] == nil or main_pages contains path[1] -%}{%- assign is_sidebar_page = false -%}
+{%- assign main_pages = "settings,shubhamrdarda,testapp,learn,tools" | split: ',' -%}
+{%- if home or main_pages contains path[1] -%}{%- assign is_sidebar_page = false -%}
 {%- else -%}{%- assign is_sidebar_page = true -%}{%- endif -%}
 
 <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md fixed-top">
     <div class="container-fluid">
         {%- unless is_sidebar_page -%}
         <div class="navbar-brand" style="margin-left: 0px;">
-            <a><img id="logo" alt="Logo" width="30" height="30" src="{{ site.icon | relative_url }}"></a>
-            <a id="fc-{{ path[1] }}"> {{ parent }}</a>
+            <a {% unless home %}href=""{% endunless %}><img id="logo" alt="Logo" width="30" height="30" src="{{ site.icon | relative_url }}"></a>
+            <a id="fc-{{ path[1] }}"> {%- if path[1] != nil %}<i class="bi bi-chevron-compact-right"></i>{%- endif -%} {{ parent }} </a>
         </div>
         {%- else -%}
         <div id="navbar-brand" class="navbar-brand">
@@ -21,55 +127,49 @@
             {%- assign tools_data = site.data.tools.tools | default: site.data.tools -%}
             {%- assign learn_matches = learn_data.segments | where: "url", path[1] -%}
             {%- assign tools_matches = tools_data.segments | where: "url", path[1] -%}
-            {%- if learn_matches.size > 0 -%}{%- assign home_url = "learn" -%}{%- elsif tools_matches.size > 0 -%}{%- assign home_url = "tools" -%}{%- endif -%}
-            <a href="{{ home_url }}"><img id="logo" alt="Logo" width="30" height="30" src="{{ site.icon | relative_url }}"></a>
-            <a id="fc-{{ path[1] }}" href="{{ path[1] }}">{{ parent }} / </a>
+            {%- if learn_matches.size > 0 -%}{%- assign home_url = "learn" -%}{%- elsif tools_matches.size > 0 -%}{%- assign home_url = "tools" -%}{%- else -%}{%- assign home_url = "/" -%}{%- endif -%}
+            <a href="{{ home_url | relative_url }}" aria-label="{{ site.title }}"><img id="logo" alt="{{ site.title }} Logo" width="30" height="30" src="{{ site.icon | relative_url }}"></a>
+            <a id="fc-{{ path[1] }}" href="{{ path[1] }}"><i class="bi bi-chevron-compact-right"></i> {{ parent }} <i class="bi bi-chevron-compact-right"></i></a>
             {%- if path[2] != nil -%}
-                <a id="fc-{{ path[1] }}" href="{{ path[1] }}/{{ path[2] }}">{{ child }} / </a>
+                <a id="fc-{{ path[1] }}" href="{{ path[1] }}/{{ path[2] }}" class="d-inline-flex align-items-center"><span class="d-inline-block text-truncate" style="max-width: 20ch;">{{ child }}</span><i class="bi bi-chevron-compact-right ms-1"></i></a>
             {%- endif -%}
         </div>
         <button id="lsidebar" class="navbar-toggler p-0" type="button" data-bs-toggle="leftsidebar" data-bs-target="#leftsidebar" aria-label="lsidebar"><span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span></button>
         <div id="leftsidebar" class="sidebar leftsidebar-collapse col-xs-3 col-sm-3 col-md-3 col-lg-3 col-xl-2 col-xxl-2">
-        {%- for parent in gd.sidenav -%}
-            {%- if page.url contains parent.url -%}
-                {%- assign active_item = nil -%}
-                {%- assign active_item = "sidebar-item-active" -%}
-                {%- assign pu = parent.url | split: '/' -%}
-
-                {%- if path[1] == pu[0] and path[2] == nil -%}<a class="nav-link {{ active_item }} {{ path[1] }}" href="{{ parent.url }}">{{ parent.parent }}</a>
-                {%- else -%}<a class="nav-link {{ path[1] }}" href="{{ parent.url }}">{{ parent.parent }}</a>
-                {%- endif -%}
-
-                {%- for child in parent.children -%}
-                    {%- assign cu = child.url | split: '/' -%}
-                    {%- if cu.size == 2 and path[2] == cu[1] -%}<a class="nav-link {{ active_item }} {{ path[1] }}" href="{{ child.url }}">{{ child.title }}</a>
-                    {%- else -%}<a class="nav-link {{ path[1] }}" href="{{ child.url }}">{{ child.title }}</a>
-                    {%- endif -%}
-                {%- endfor -%}
-            {%- endif -%}
-        {%- endfor -%}
+            {%- assign root_title = seg_obj.title | default: segment -%}
+            {%- assign root_url = seg_obj.url | default: path[1] -%}
+            {%- assign active_root = "" -%}
+            {%- if path[1] == root_url and path[2] == nil -%}{%- assign active_root = "sidebar-item-active" -%}{%- endif -%}
+            <a class="nav-link {{ active_root }} {{ path[1] }}" href="{{ root_url }}">{{ root_title }}</a>
+            {%- for item in gd.grandparent -%}
+                {%- assign active_item = "" -%}
+                {%- assign item_parts = item.url | split: '/' -%}
+                {%- if path[2] == item_parts[1] -%}{%- assign active_item = "sidebar-item-active" -%}{%- endif -%}
+                <a class="nav-link {{ active_item }} {{ path[1] }}" href="{{ item.url }}">{{ item.parent }}</a>
+            {%- endfor -%}
         </div>
         {%- endunless -%}
 
+        <a id="settings" href="settings" style="display: none; font-size: 20px;" class="ms-auto bi bi-gear{% if path[1] == 'settings' %} active{% endif %}"></a>
         <button id="rsidebar" class="ms-auto navbar-toggler p-0" type="button" data-bs-toggle="rightsidebar" data-bs-target="#rightsidebar" aria-label="rsidebar" style="display: none;"><span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span></button>
         <div id="rightsidebar" class="rightsidebar-collapse navbar-collapse justify-content-end">
             <ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
                 {%- if path[1] != nil -%}
-                    <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href=""><i class="navsvg bi bi-house-door"></i> Home</a></li>
+                    <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="{{ site.url }}"><i class="navsvg bi bi-house-heart"></i> Home</a></li>
                 {%- endif -%}
                 {%- if path[1] != "learn" -%}
-                    <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="learn"><i class="navsvg bi bi-lightbulb"></i> Learn</a></li>
+                    <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="learn"><i class="navsvg bi-journal-code"></i> Learn</a></li>
                 {%- endif -%}
                 {%- if path[1] != "tools" -%}
-                    <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="tools"><i class="navsvg bi bi-gear"></i> Tools</a></li>
+                    <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="tools"><i class="navsvg bi bi-tools"></i> Tools</a></li>
                 {%- endif -%}
                 {%- if path[1] != "about" -%}
-                    <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="about"><i class="navsvg bi bi-info-circle"></i> About Us</a></li>
+                    <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="about"><i class="navsvg bi bi-info-circle"></i> About</a></li>
                 {%- endif -%}
                 <li class="nav-item dropdown">
-                    <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" id="bd-theme" type="button" aria-expanded="false" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-label="theme (dark)"><i class="bi bi-moon-stars me-2" id="bd-theme-icon"></i><span id="bd-theme-text">Theme</span></a>
+                    <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" id="bd-theme" href="#" aria-expanded="false" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-label="theme (dark)"><i class="bi bi-moon-stars me-2" id="bd-theme-icon"></i><span id="bd-theme-text">Theme</span></a>
                     <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-end" aria-labelledby="bd-theme" style="top: 45px;">
-                        <li><button type="button" class="dropdown-item d-flex align-items-center" data-bs-theme-value="auto" aria-pressed="false"><i class="bi bi-circle-half me-2"></i>Auto</button></li>
+                        <li><button type="button" class="dropdown-item d-flex align-items-center" data-bs-theme-value="auto" aria-pressed="false"><i class="bi bi-circle-half me-2"></i>System Default</button></li>
                         <li><button type="button" class="dropdown-item d-flex align-items-center" data-bs-theme-value="dark" aria-pressed="true"><i class="bi bi-moon-stars me-2"></i>Dark</button></li>
                         <li><button type="button" class="dropdown-item d-flex align-items-center" data-bs-theme-value="light" aria-pressed="false"><i class="bi bi-sun me-2"></i>Light</button></li>
                     </ul>
@@ -80,26 +180,30 @@
 </nav>
 
 <div data-bs-toggle="collapseall" class="d-flex flex-column flex-grow-1">
+    {%- if home -%}
+        {%- include search.html -%}
+    {%- endif -%}
     {%- unless is_sidebar_page -%}
-    {%- if path[1] == "learn" or path[1] == "tools" -%}
+    {%- if path[1] == "learn" or path[1] == "tools" or path[1] == "settings" -%}
     <div class="jumbotron text-center">
         <h3>{{ site.title }}</h3>
-        <h6 id="fc-{{ path[1] }}">{{ segment }}</h6>
+        <h6 id="fc-{{ path[1] }}" style="padding-bottom: 5px;">{{ segment }}</h6>
+        {%- if path[2] == nil and path[1] != "settings" -%}{%- include search.html -%}{%- endif -%}
     </div>
     {%- endif -%}
-    <main role="main" class="flex-grow-1"><div class="container">{{ content }}</div></main>
+    <main class="flex-grow-1"><div class="container">{{ content }}</div></main>
 
     {%- else -%}
     <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-9 col-lg-9 col-xl-10 col-xxl-10 ms-sm-auto px-md-4 jumbotron text-center">
         <h3>{{ site.title }}</h3>
         {%- assign tool_urls = site.data.tools.tools.segments | map: "url" -%}
         {%- if tool_urls contains path[1] -%}<h6 id="fc-{{ path[1] }}">{{ page.title }}</h6>
-        {%- else -%}<h6 id="fc-{{ path[1] }}">{{ segment }}</h6>{%- endif -%}
+        {%- else -%}<h6 id="fc-{{ path[1] }}" style="padding-bottom: 5px;">{{ segment }}</h6>{%- endif -%}
+        {%- if path[2] == nil and path[1] != "settings" -%}{%- include search.html -%}{%- endif -%}
     </div>
 
     <main class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-9 col-lg-9 col-xl-10 col-xxl-10 ms-sm-auto px-md-4 flex-grow-1" role="main">
         <div class="container">
-            {%- if path[2] == nil and path[1] != "about" -%}{%- include search.html -%}{%- endif -%}
             {{ content }}
             {%- for parent in gd.grandparent -%}
             {% if path[1] != "about" and path[2] == nil %}
@@ -127,6 +231,20 @@ <h3>{{ site.title }}</h3>
     <div class="{{ footer_class }}">{%- include footer_app.html -%}{%- include footer_web.html -%}</div>
 </div>
 
+<div id="global-action-pill">
+    <a href="{{ site.data.url.sponsor }}" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" title="Sponsor">
+        <i class="bi bi-suit-heart"></i>
+    </a>
+    <div></div>
+    <a id="pill-back-to-top" title="Back to Top">
+        <i class="bi bi-arrow-up-circle"></i>
+    </a>
+    <div></div>
+    <a id="pill-share-button" href="share:{{ site.url }}{{ page.url }}" title="Share">
+        <i class="bi bi-share"></i>
+    </a>
+</div>
+
 {%- if path[3] != nil -%}
 <div class="modal fade" id="staticBackdrop" data-bs-backdrop="static" data-bs-keyboard="false"
     aria-labelledby="staticBackdropLabel" aria-hidden="true">
@@ -138,13 +256,11 @@ <h5 class="modal-title" id="staticBackdropLabel"><i class="bi bi-clipboard-heart
             </div>
             <div class="modal-body">
                 <p class="h6">Thank you for visiting GoDarda!</p>
-                <p>If you've found GoDarda helpful, please consider supporting our mission to provide free, high-quality content for developers. Your support makes a difference!</p>
-                <p>Don't forget to show your appreciation by starring our repo, following us, and becoming a sponsor!</p>
+                <p>If you've found GoDarda helpful, please consider supporting our mission by starring our repo and following us. Your support helps us provide free, high-quality content for developers!</p>
             </div>
             <div class="modal-footer justify-content-center">
                 <a class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary" href="{{ site.data.url.repo }}" title="GitHub Star" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="bi bi-star"></i> Star</a>
                 <a href="{{ site.data.url.linkedin }}" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary" title="LinkedIn" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="bi bi-linkedin"></i> LinkedIn</a>
-                <a href="{{ site.data.url.sponsor }}" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary" title="Sponsor" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="bi bi-suit-heart"></i> Sponsor</a>
             </div>
         </div>
     </div>
diff --git a/android/app/build.gradle.kts b/android/app/build.gradle.kts
index 279ec5e..cadb129 100644
--- a/android/app/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/android/app/build.gradle.kts
@@ -3,6 +3,11 @@ plugins {
     alias(libs.plugins.kotlin.android)
 }
 
+// Set the base name for all generated artifacts
+base {
+    archivesName.set("godarda")
+}
+
 extensions.configure<com.android.build.api.dsl.ApplicationExtension> {
     namespace = "com.godarda"
     compileSdk = 36
@@ -12,6 +17,7 @@ extensions.configure<com.android.build.api.dsl.ApplicationExtension> {
         minSdk = 30
         targetSdk = 36
         versionCode = 1
+        versionName = "1.0"
 
         testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
     }
@@ -26,12 +32,24 @@ extensions.configure<com.android.build.api.dsl.ApplicationExtension> {
             )
         }
     }
+
     compileOptions {
         sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
         targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
     }
 }
 
+// Fixed way to rename the output APK in AGP 9.0+
+androidComponents {
+    onVariants { variant ->
+        variant.outputs.forEach { output ->
+            if (output is com.android.build.api.variant.impl.VariantOutputImpl) {
+                output.outputFileName.set("godarda.apk")
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 kotlin {
     compilerOptions {
         jvmTarget.set(org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.JvmTarget.JVM_17)
@@ -40,6 +58,7 @@ kotlin {
 
 dependencies {
     implementation(libs.androidx.core.ktx)
+    implementation(libs.androidx.core.splashscreen)
     implementation(libs.androidx.appcompat)
     implementation(libs.material)
     implementation(libs.androidx.activity)
diff --git a/android/app/release/baselineProfiles/0/app-release.dm b/android/app/release/baselineProfiles/0/app-release.dm
deleted file mode 100644
index 04f8072..0000000
Binary files a/android/app/release/baselineProfiles/0/app-release.dm and /dev/null differ
diff --git a/android/app/release/baselineProfiles/1/app-release.dm b/android/app/release/baselineProfiles/1/app-release.dm
deleted file mode 100644
index c81227b..0000000
Binary files a/android/app/release/baselineProfiles/1/app-release.dm and /dev/null differ
diff --git a/android/app/release/godarda.apk b/android/app/release/godarda.apk
index 7c710c5..f71e24e 100644
Binary files a/android/app/release/godarda.apk and b/android/app/release/godarda.apk differ
diff --git a/android/app/release/output-metadata.json b/android/app/release/output-metadata.json
index 8776fe4..27a3f2e 100644
--- a/android/app/release/output-metadata.json
+++ b/android/app/release/output-metadata.json
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@
       "filters": [],
       "attributes": [],
       "versionCode": 1,
-      "versionName": "",
-      "outputFile": "app-release.apk"
+      "versionName": "1.0",
+      "outputFile": "godarda.apk"
     }
   ],
   "elementType": "File",
@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@
       "minApi": 28,
       "maxApi": 30,
       "baselineProfiles": [
-        "baselineProfiles/1/app-release.dm"
+        "baselineProfiles/1/godarda.dm"
       ]
     },
     {
       "minApi": 31,
       "maxApi": 2147483647,
       "baselineProfiles": [
-        "baselineProfiles/0/app-release.dm"
+        "baselineProfiles/0/godarda.dm"
       ]
     }
   ],
diff --git a/android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml b/android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
index 2009f1c..9316d70 100644
--- a/android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
 
     <application
+        android:name=".GoDardaApp"
         android:allowBackup="true"
         android:dataExtractionRules="@xml/data_extraction_rules"
         android:fullBackupContent="@xml/backup_rules"
@@ -16,22 +17,17 @@
         tools:targetApi="36">
 
         <activity
-            android:name=".SplashActivity"
+            android:name=".MainActivity"
             android:exported="true"
             android:screenOrientation="portrait"
-            tools:ignore="CustomSplashScreen,DiscouragedApi,LockedOrientationActivity">
+            android:theme="@style/Theme.App.Starting"
+            tools:ignore="DiscouragedApi,LockedOrientationActivity">
             <intent-filter>
                 <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                 <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
             </intent-filter>
         </activity>
 
-        <activity
-            android:name=".MainActivity"
-            android:exported="false"
-            android:screenOrientation="portrait"
-            tools:ignore="DiscouragedApi,LockedOrientationActivity" />
-
         <meta-data
             android:name="preloaded_fonts"
             android:resource="@array/preloaded_fonts" />
diff --git a/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/BaseActivity.kt b/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/BaseActivity.kt
index 7519863..8837145 100644
--- a/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/BaseActivity.kt
+++ b/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/BaseActivity.kt
@@ -1,35 +1,47 @@
 package com.godarda
 
-import android.content.Context
 import android.content.res.Configuration
 import android.graphics.Color
-import android.graphics.drawable.ColorDrawable
 import android.os.Bundle
 import android.view.View
 import android.view.Window
 import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
+import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatDelegate
+import androidx.core.graphics.drawable.toDrawable
 import androidx.core.view.ViewCompat
 import androidx.core.view.WindowCompat
 import androidx.core.view.WindowInsetsCompat
 
 /**
  * A foundational activity that provides common functionality for other activities in the app.
+ * It manages the global theme preference to prevent UI flickering on startup.
  */
 open class BaseActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
 
     override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
-        // Read theme before super.onCreate and apply it to the window background to prevent flashing.
-        val sharedPref = getSharedPreferences("app_settings", Context.MODE_PRIVATE)
+        // 1. Read theme preference.
+        val sharedPref = getSharedPreferences("app_settings", MODE_PRIVATE)
         val theme = sharedPref.getString("theme", null)
         val isDark = isDarkTheme(theme)
-        
-        // Immediately set the window background color. 
-        // This is the most effective way to prevent the "black/white flash" during activity transitions.
-        window.setBackgroundDrawable(ColorDrawable(if (isDark) Color.BLACK else Color.WHITE))
+
+        // 2. Set Window Background immediately to match preference.
+        // This covers the area before the layout is inflated.
+        window.setBackgroundDrawable((if (isDark) Color.BLACK else Color.WHITE).toDrawable())
+
+        // 3. Ensure AppCompat uses the correct night mode before super.onCreate.
+        // We do this check to avoid unnecessary activity recreations which cause flashes.
+        val targetMode = when (theme) {
+            "dark" -> AppCompatDelegate.MODE_NIGHT_YES
+            "light" -> AppCompatDelegate.MODE_NIGHT_NO
+            else -> AppCompatDelegate.MODE_NIGHT_FOLLOW_SYSTEM
+        }
+        if (AppCompatDelegate.getDefaultNightMode() != targetMode) {
+            AppCompatDelegate.setDefaultNightMode(targetMode)
+        }
 
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
         
-        // Apply theme settings to system bars (status and navigation)
+        // 4. Apply theme settings to system bars (status and navigation)
         applyThemeToSystemBars(window, theme)
     }
 
@@ -44,15 +56,6 @@ open class BaseActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
         }
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Reads the stored theme and applies it to the system bars.
-     */
-    fun applyStoredThemeToSystemBars() {
-        val sharedPref = getSharedPreferences("app_settings", Context.MODE_PRIVATE)
-        val theme = sharedPref.getString("theme", null)
-        applyThemeToSystemBars(window, theme)
-    }
-
     /**
      * A utility function to apply system window insets (like the status and navigation bars)
      * as padding to a given view.
@@ -73,7 +76,9 @@ open class BaseActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
         val isDark = isDarkTheme(theme)
         val bgColor = if (isDark) Color.BLACK else Color.WHITE
         
+        @Suppress("DEPRECATION")
         window.statusBarColor = bgColor
+        @Suppress("DEPRECATION")
         window.navigationBarColor = bgColor
 
         val insetsController = WindowCompat.getInsetsController(window, window.decorView)
diff --git a/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/GoDardaApp.kt b/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/GoDardaApp.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08222c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/GoDardaApp.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package com.godarda
+
+import android.app.Application
+import android.content.Context
+import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatDelegate
+
+/**
+ * Custom Application class to handle global initialization.
+ * Specifically used to apply the stored theme as early as possible.
+ */
+class GoDardaApp : Application() {
+    override fun onCreate() {
+        super.onCreate()
+        applyStoredTheme()
+    }
+
+    private fun applyStoredTheme() {
+        val sharedPref = getSharedPreferences("app_settings", Context.MODE_PRIVATE)
+        val theme = sharedPref.getString("theme", null)
+        
+        val mode = when (theme) {
+            "dark" -> AppCompatDelegate.MODE_NIGHT_YES
+            "light" -> AppCompatDelegate.MODE_NIGHT_NO
+            else -> AppCompatDelegate.MODE_NIGHT_FOLLOW_SYSTEM
+        }
+        
+        AppCompatDelegate.setDefaultNightMode(mode)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/MainActivity.kt b/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/MainActivity.kt
index 01dfdbd..c1d8c28 100644
--- a/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/MainActivity.kt
+++ b/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/MainActivity.kt
@@ -13,11 +13,13 @@ import android.net.NetworkCapabilities
 import android.net.NetworkRequest
 import android.os.Bundle
 import android.view.View
+import android.view.WindowManager
 import android.view.ViewStub
 import android.webkit.CookieManager
 import android.webkit.JavascriptInterface
 import android.webkit.PermissionRequest
 import android.webkit.WebChromeClient
+import android.webkit.WebResourceError
 import android.webkit.WebResourceRequest
 import android.webkit.WebSettings
 import android.webkit.WebStorage
@@ -29,10 +31,17 @@ import androidx.activity.OnBackPressedCallback
 import androidx.activity.enableEdgeToEdge
 import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat
 import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
+import androidx.core.graphics.Insets
+import androidx.core.view.ViewCompat
+import androidx.core.view.WindowInsetsCompat
 import androidx.core.content.edit
 import androidx.core.net.toUri
+import androidx.core.splashscreen.SplashScreen.Companion.installSplashScreen
 import androidx.core.view.WindowCompat
 import androidx.core.view.isVisible
+import androidx.lifecycle.lifecycleScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 
 /**
  * The main activity of the application, serving as a container for the WebView-based UI.
@@ -49,6 +58,9 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
     /** Root container layout for applying system window insets. */
     private val rootLayout: FrameLayout by lazy { findViewById(R.id.webViewContainer) }
 
+    /** Splash screen overlay layout. */
+    private val splashOverlay: View by lazy { findViewById(R.id.splashOverlay) }
+
     /** ViewStub for lazily inflating the 'No Internet' error view. */
     private val noInternetStub: ViewStub by lazy { findViewById(R.id.noInternetStub) }
 
@@ -72,6 +84,15 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
     /** Tracks the current active theme (light/dark) synchronization status. */
     private var currentTheme: String? = null
 
+    /** Tracks if the search overlay is currently open in the webview. */
+    private var isSearchOpen = false
+
+    /** Tracks if the minimum splash display time has elapsed. */
+    private var minSplashTimeElapsed = false
+
+    /** Tracks if the initial page has finished loading. */
+    private var isInitialPageLoaded = false
+
     // --- Hardware & Services ---
 
     /** Manager for monitoring system-wide network connectivity state. */
@@ -97,23 +118,45 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
     // --- Lifecycle Methods ---
 
     override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
+        // Install the official splash screen before super.onCreate and edge-to-edge
+        installSplashScreen()
+
         // Enable edge-to-edge display early in the lifecycle
         enableEdgeToEdge()
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
 
+        // Prevent the layout from resizing when the keyboard appears
+        window.setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_ADJUST_NOTHING)
+
         // Adjust padding to account for status and navigation bars
-        applyWindowInsetsTo(rootLayout)
+        ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener(rootLayout) { v, insets ->
+            val bars = insets.getInsets(WindowInsetsCompat.Type.systemBars() or WindowInsetsCompat.Type.displayCutout())
+            v.setPadding(bars.left, bars.top, bars.right, bars.bottom)
+            WindowInsetsCompat.Builder(insets)
+                .setInsets(WindowInsetsCompat.Type.ime(), Insets.NONE)
+                .build()
+        }
 
         // Pre-emptively apply the last saved theme to prevent UI flashing
         val sharedPref = getSharedPreferences("app_settings", MODE_PRIVATE)
         currentTheme = sharedPref.getString("theme", null)
         applyThemeToSystemBars(currentTheme)
 
+        // Setup splash screen background
+        applyStoredThemeToSplash()
+
         setupWebView()
         setupConnectivity()
         setupBackButton()
 
+        // Start minimum splash timer
+        lifecycleScope.launch {
+            delay(1500)
+            minSplashTimeElapsed = true
+            maybeHideSplash()
+        }
+
         // Initial load based on connectivity status
         if (isInternetAvailable()) {
             showWebView()
@@ -154,7 +197,7 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
             // Append custom identification to User Agent
             userAgentString += " GoDarda"
         }
-        
+
         webview.apply {
             isVerticalScrollBarEnabled = false
             isHorizontalScrollBarEnabled = false
@@ -198,9 +241,9 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
         }
 
         val bgColor = if (isDark) Color.BLACK else Color.WHITE
-        
+
         rootLayout.setBackgroundColor(bgColor)
-        
+
         // Apply theme to error views if they are currently inflated
         noInternetView?.let { view ->
             view.findViewById<View>(R.id.noInternetLayout)?.setBackgroundColor(bgColor)
@@ -217,6 +260,23 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
         insetsController.isAppearanceLightNavigationBars = !isDark
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Applies the stored theme color to the splash screen background layout.
+     */
+    private fun applyStoredThemeToSplash() {
+        val sharedPref = getSharedPreferences("app_settings", MODE_PRIVATE)
+        val theme = sharedPref.getString("theme", null)
+
+        val isDark = when (theme) {
+            "dark" -> true
+            "light" -> false
+            else -> (resources.configuration.uiMode and Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_MASK) == Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_YES
+        }
+
+        val bgColor = if (isDark) Color.BLACK else Color.WHITE
+        splashOverlay.setBackgroundColor(bgColor)
+    }
+
     /**
      * Sets up active monitoring for internet connectivity changes.
      */
@@ -295,6 +355,27 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
         applyThemeToSystemBars(currentTheme)
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Hides the custom splash overlay once pre-loading is done.
+     */
+    private fun maybeHideSplash() {
+        if (minSplashTimeElapsed && (isInitialPageLoaded || !isInternetAvailable())) {
+            hideSplash()
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun hideSplash() {
+        if (splashOverlay.isVisible) {
+            splashOverlay.animate()
+                .alpha(0f)
+                .setDuration(400)
+                .withEndAction {
+                    splashOverlay.isVisible = false
+                }
+                .start()
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Processes custom URL schemes (like share: or reset:) and external links.
      * @return True if the URL was handled by native logic, False to let WebView process it.
@@ -316,17 +397,17 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
                 webview.clearHistory()
                 webview.clearCache(true)
                 webview.clearFormData()
-                
+
                 // 2. Clear Cookies
                 CookieManager.getInstance().removeAllCookies(null)
                 CookieManager.getInstance().flush()
-                
+
                 // 3. Clear Web Storage (localStorage, WebSQL, IndexedDB)
                 WebStorage.getInstance().deleteAllData()
-                
+
                 // 4. Clear App Preferences (including theme)
                 getSharedPreferences("app_settings", MODE_PRIVATE).edit { clear() }
-                
+
                 // 5. Reset internal state and re-apply system theme
                 currentTheme = null
                 applyThemeToSystemBars(null)
@@ -353,6 +434,8 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
      * Manages internal WebView navigation history for a consistent user experience.
      */
     private fun handleBackNavigation() {
+        if (splashOverlay.isVisible) return
+
         if (noInternetView?.isVisible == true || appDownView?.isVisible == true) {
             finishAffinity()
             return
@@ -361,7 +444,7 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
         val homeUrl = "${Urls.BASE}/"
         val currentUrl = webview.url
 
-        if (webview.canGoBack() && currentUrl != homeUrl) {
+        if (webview.canGoBack() && (currentUrl != homeUrl || isSearchOpen)) {
             webview.goBack()
         } else if (currentUrl != homeUrl) {
             webview.loadUrl(homeUrl)
@@ -386,13 +469,22 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
             runOnUiThread {
                 val sharedPref = getSharedPreferences("app_settings", MODE_PRIVATE)
                 val oldTheme = sharedPref.getString("theme", null)
-                
+
                 if (oldTheme != theme) {
                     sharedPref.edit { putString("theme", theme) }
                     applyThemeToSystemBars(theme)
                 }
             }
         }
+
+        /**
+         * Triggered by web content when the search overlay state changes.
+         */
+        @JavascriptInterface
+        @Suppress("unused")
+        fun onSearchStateChanged(isOpen: Boolean) {
+            isSearchOpen = isOpen
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -411,6 +503,10 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
          */
         override fun onPageFinished(view: WebView?, url: String?) {
             super.onPageFinished(view, url)
+
+            isInitialPageLoaded = true
+            maybeHideSplash()
+
             view?.evaluateJavascript("""
                 (function() {
                     function notifyTheme() {
@@ -434,6 +530,12 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity() {
             """.trimIndent(), null)
         }
 
+        override fun onReceivedError(view: WebView?, request: WebResourceRequest?, error: WebResourceError?) {
+            super.onReceivedError(view, request, error)
+            isInitialPageLoaded = true
+            maybeHideSplash()
+        }
+
         override fun shouldOverrideUrlLoading(view: WebView, request: WebResourceRequest): Boolean {
             val url = request.url.toString()
             if (!isInternetAvailable()) {
diff --git a/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/SplashActivity.kt b/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/SplashActivity.kt
deleted file mode 100644
index 4d20264..0000000
--- a/android/app/src/main/java/com/godarda/SplashActivity.kt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-package com.godarda
-
-import android.annotation.SuppressLint
-import android.content.Context
-import android.content.Intent
-import android.graphics.Color
-import android.os.Bundle
-import android.view.View
-import androidx.lifecycle.lifecycleScope
-import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
-import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
-
-/**
- * Splash screen activity displaying app branding.
- * Transitions to MainActivity after a predefined delay.
- */
-@SuppressLint("CustomSplashScreen")
-class SplashActivity : BaseActivity() {
-
-    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
-        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
-        setContentView(R.layout.activity_splash)
-
-        // Sync theme with stored preference for the splash screen background
-        applyStoredThemeToBackground()
-
-        // Initiate transition delay using lifecycle-aware coroutine.
-        lifecycleScope.launch {
-            delay(1500) // 1.5 second delay
-            val i = Intent(this@SplashActivity, MainActivity::class.java)
-            startActivity(i)
-            finish()
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Applies the stored theme color to the splash screen background layout.
-     */
-    private fun applyStoredThemeToBackground() {
-        val sharedPref = getSharedPreferences("app_settings", Context.MODE_PRIVATE)
-        val theme = sharedPref.getString("theme", null)
-        
-        val isDark = when (theme) {
-            "dark" -> true
-            "light" -> false
-            else -> (resources.configuration.uiMode and android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_MASK) == 
-                    android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_YES
-        }
-
-        val bgColor = if (isDark) Color.BLACK else Color.WHITE
-        findViewById<View>(R.id.splashContainer)?.setBackgroundColor(bgColor)
-    }
-}
diff --git a/android/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml b/android/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml
index 7600427..470edb8 100644
--- a/android/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml
+++ b/android/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     android:id="@+id/webViewContainer"
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     android:layout_height="match_parent"
-    android:background="@android:color/black">
+    android:background="@android:color/transparent">
 
     <!-- WebView loads in the background -->
     <WebView
@@ -13,6 +13,13 @@
         android:layout_width="match_parent"
         android:layout_height="match_parent" />
 
+    <!-- Splash Screen Overlay -->
+    <include
+        layout="@layout/activity_splash"
+        android:id="@+id/splashOverlay"
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="match_parent" />
+
     <!-- 'No Internet' screen, inflated only when needed -->
     <ViewStub
         android:id="@+id/noInternetStub"
diff --git a/android/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_splash.xml b/android/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_splash.xml
index 644448f..8955f7b 100644
--- a/android/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_splash.xml
+++ b/android/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_splash.xml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
     android:id="@+id/splashContainer"
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     android:layout_height="match_parent"
-    android:background="@color/backgroundColor"
+    android:background="@android:color/transparent"
     android:orientation="vertical">
 
     <!-- This spacer pushes the content down from the top -->
diff --git a/android/app/src/main/res/values/themes.xml b/android/app/src/main/res/values/themes.xml
index 513b873..1ca6951 100644
--- a/android/app/src/main/res/values/themes.xml
+++ b/android/app/src/main/res/values/themes.xml
@@ -1,16 +1,13 @@
 <resources>
     <!-- Base application theme. -->
     <style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.MaterialComponents.DayNight.NoActionBar">
-        <!-- Primary brand color. -->
         <item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
         <item name="colorPrimaryVariant">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
         <item name="colorOnPrimary">@color/white</item>
-        <!-- Secondary brand color. -->
         <item name="colorSecondary">@color/colorAccent</item>
         <item name="colorSecondaryVariant">@color/colorAccent</item>
         <item name="colorOnSecondary">@color/black</item>
 
-        <!-- Background and system bar appearance -->
         <item name="android:windowBackground">@color/backgroundColor</item>
         <item name="android:statusBarColor">@color/backgroundColor</item>
         <item name="android:navigationBarColor">@color/backgroundColor</item>
@@ -18,14 +15,21 @@
         <item name="android:windowLightNavigationBar" targetApi="27">true</item>
     </style>
 
-    <!-- Custom Button Style for MaterialButtons -->
+    <!-- Transparent Starting Theme: Eliminates the initial light/white flash -->
+    <style name="Theme.App.Starting" parent="Theme.SplashScreen">
+        <item name="windowSplashScreenBackground">@android:color/transparent</item>
+        <item name="windowSplashScreenAnimatedIcon">@android:color/transparent</item>
+        <item name="postSplashScreenTheme">@style/AppTheme</item>
+        <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">true</item>
+        <item name="android:windowBackground">@android:color/transparent</item>
+    </style>
+
     <style name="AppButton" parent="Widget.MaterialComponents.Button">
         <item name="backgroundTint">@color/buttonColor</item>
         <item name="android:textColor">@color/black</item>
         <item name="android:textAllCaps">false</item>
     </style>
 
-    <!-- Custom Style for the Exit Button -->
     <style name="ExitButton" parent="Widget.MaterialComponents.Button">
         <item name="backgroundTint">@color/error_text_color</item>
         <item name="android:textColor">@color/black</item>
diff --git a/android/gradle/libs.versions.toml b/android/gradle/libs.versions.toml
index 214970b..f7d6286 100644
--- a/android/gradle/libs.versions.toml
+++ b/android/gradle/libs.versions.toml
@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
 [versions]
 agp = "9.0.0"
-kotlin = "2.2.21"
+kotlin = "2.3.10"
 coreKtx = "1.17.0"
+coreSplashscreen = "1.2.0"
 junit = "4.13.2"
 junitVersion = "1.3.0"
 espressoCore = "3.7.0"
 appcompat = "1.7.1"
 lifecycleRuntimeKtx = "2.10.0"
 material = "1.13.0"
-activity = "1.12.0"
+activity = "1.12.3"
 constraintlayout = "2.2.1"
 
 [libraries]
 androidx-core-ktx = { group = "androidx.core", name = "core-ktx", version.ref = "coreKtx" }
+androidx-core-splashscreen = { group = "androidx.core", name = "core-splashscreen", version.ref = "coreSplashscreen" }
 androidx-lifecycle-runtime = { module = "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx", version.ref = "lifecycleRuntimeKtx" }
 junit = { group = "junit", name = "junit", version.ref = "junit" }
 androidx-junit = { group = "androidx.test.ext", name = "junit", version.ref = "junitVersion" }
diff --git a/android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties b/android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties
index 310b2d7..aaca58c 100644
--- a/android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties
+++ b/android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #Sun May 18 07:05:27 IST 2025
 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 distributionPath=wrapper/dists
-distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-9.1.0-bin.zip
+distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-9.3.1-bin.zip
 zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
diff --git a/android/settings.gradle.kts b/android/settings.gradle.kts
index a177d46..864f1ea 100644
--- a/android/settings.gradle.kts
+++ b/android/settings.gradle.kts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+@file:Suppress("UnstableApiUsage")
+
 pluginManagement {
     repositories {
         google {
@@ -21,4 +23,3 @@ dependencyResolutionManagement {
 
 rootProject.name = "GoDarda"
 include(":app")
- 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/css/color.css b/assets/css/color.css
index 7c6bc94..05c9823 100644
--- a/assets/css/color.css
+++ b/assets/css/color.css
@@ -6,31 +6,29 @@ layout: none
 
 [data-bs-theme="dark"]
 {
-    --asm:                 #b37700; /* Brown for assembly language */
+    color-scheme: dark;
     --c:                   #0080ff; /* Blue for C programming language */
     --calculators:         #66b3ff; /* Light blue for calculators */
     --cg:                  #ff6699; /* Pink for computer graphics */
-    --cluster:             #99994d; /* Olive for clustering systems */
+    --cluster:             #00bfff; /* Cyan for F# programming language */
     --converters:          #ff99cc; /* Light pink for converters */
     --cpp:                 #99e600; /* Bright green for C++ programming language */
     --csharp:              #b366ff; /* Purple for C# programming language */
     --ds:                  #cc6666; /* Muted red for data science */
     --dsa:                 #e6b800; /* Amber for data structures and algorithms */
-    --fsharp:              #00bfff; /* Cyan for F# programming language */
     --generators:          #79d2a6; /* Soft green for generators */
     --java:                #ff8533; /* Warm orange for Java programming language */
     --julia:               #cc3399; /* Magenta for Julia programming language */
     --linux:               #ff9966; /* Coral for Linux systems */
-    --lisp:                #8080ff; /* Indigo for Lisp programming language */
     --mongodb:             #29a329; /* Green for MongoDB database */
     --mysql:               #4080bf; /* Blue for MySQL database */
-    --octave:              #ff6600; /* Bright orange for Octave programming language */
     --python:              #e6e600; /* Vibrant yellow for Python programming language */
-    --r:                   #9999ff; /* Light purple for R programming language */
+    --r:                   #8080ff; /* Indigo for Lisp programming language */
     --rust:                #996633; /* Rustic brown for Rust programming language */
     --selenium:            #00cc66; /* Green for Selenium testing framework */
     --utilities:           #00ced1; /* Dark Turquoise for utilities */
     --other:               #00b050; /* Green for miscellaneous or other categories, matching search */
+    --settings:            var(--other);
 
     --bg_jumbotron:        #050514; /* Background color for jumbotron */
     --bnw:                 #ffffff; /* Black and white color */
@@ -56,6 +54,7 @@ layout: none
     --navlink-hover:       #ffffff;
     --navbar-shadow:       rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
     --navbar-toggler-icon-bg: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55)' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");
+    --search-backdrop-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
 
     --code-literal:        #79c0ff; /* Literal code color for code literals and elements */
     --code-special:        #1f6feb; /* Special code color for special code elements */
@@ -78,31 +77,29 @@ layout: none
 
 [data-bs-theme="light"]
 {
-    --asm:                 #b37400; /* Brown for assembly language */
+    color-scheme: light;
     --c:                   #007acc; /* Blue for C programming language */
     --calculators:         #0073e6; /* Strong blue for calculators */
     --cg:                  #e65c7d; /* Pink for computer graphics */
-    --cluster:             #99994d; /* Olive for clustering systems */
+    --cluster:             #1aa3cc; /* Cyan for F# programming language */
     --converters:          #ff3399; /* Strong pink for converters */
     --cpp:                 #66cc00; /* Green for C++ programming language */
     --csharp:              #b34dff; /* Purple for C# programming language */
     --ds:                  #e65c5c; /* Red for data science */
     --dsa:                 #e69900; /* Amber for data structures and algorithms */
-    --fsharp:              #1aa3cc; /* Cyan for F# programming language */
     --generators:          #2db373; /* Green for generators */
     --java:                #e67300; /* Orange for Java programming language */
     --julia:               #e62e8c; /* Magenta for Julia programming language */
     --linux:               #e6854d; /* Coral for Linux systems */
-    --lisp:                #7979d4; /* Indigo for Lisp programming language */
     --mongodb:             #29a329; /* Green for MongoDB database */
     --mysql:               #337ab7; /* Blue for MySQL database */
-    --octave:              #e65c00; /* Orange for Octave programming language */
     --python:              #e6b800; /* Yellow for Python programming language */
-    --r:                   #9999e6; /* Purple for R programming language */
+    --r:                   #7979d4; /* Indigo for Lisp programming language */
     --rust:                #b3591a; /* Brown for Rust programming language */
     --selenium:            #00b359; /* Green for Selenium testing framework */
     --utilities:           #008b8b; /* Dark Cyan for utilities */
     --other:               #00b050; /* Green for other miscellaneous categories */
+    --settings:            var(--other);
 
     --bg_jumbotron:        #c5cbd3; /* Background color for jumbotron */
     --bnw:                 #000000; /* Black and white color */
@@ -129,6 +126,7 @@ layout: none
     --navlink-hover:       #000000;
     --navbar-shadow:       rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
     --navbar-toggler-icon-bg: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55)' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");
+    --search-backdrop-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
 
     --code-literal:        #043a7c; /* Literal code color for code literals and elements */
     --code-special:        #0550ae; /* Special code color for special code elements */
@@ -153,6 +151,18 @@ layout: none
 {%- assign learn_urls = site.data.learn.learn.segments | map: "url" -%}
 {%- assign urls = tool_urls | concat: learn_urls -%}
 
+/* Generic highlight color fallback */
+a.card.codecard[data-category]:hover,
+a.card.codecard[data-category]:focus {
+    border-left: 5px solid var(--other);
+}
+
+.codecard[data-category] mark {
+    background-color: transparent;
+    color: var(--other);
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+
 {%- for segment in site.data.gd.segments -%}{%- assign s = segment.url | split: '/' -%}
     {%- if urls contains segment.url -%}
         {%- assign color_var = "var(--" | append: segment.url | append: ")" -%}
@@ -160,7 +170,7 @@ layout: none
         {%- assign color_var = "var(--other)" -%}
     {%- endif -%}
 
-    a.{{ s }}:hover, a.{{ s }}:focus, #{{ s }} > a:hover, #{{ s }} > a:focus, .procard.{{ s }}, .nav-link.sidebar-item-active.{{ s }}
+    .procard.{{ s }}, .nav-link.sidebar-item-active.{{ s }}
     { border-left: 5px solid {{ color_var }}; }
 
     #fc-{{ s }}, #fc-{{ s }}:hover, .wvnav-item-active-{{ s }}
@@ -169,7 +179,7 @@ layout: none
     div#GDS_input-{{ s }}
     {
         border-bottom: 1px solid {{ color_var }};
-        border-radius: 5px;
+        border-radius: 50rem;
     }
     #GDS_input-{{ s }}
     {
@@ -184,16 +194,25 @@ layout: none
         background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, {{ color_var }}, transparent);
     }
 
-    #GDS_input-{{ s }} ~ #suggestions-container #suggestion-light.light-on
+    #GDS_input-{{ s }} ~ #hints-container #hint-icon.light-on
     {
         color: {{ color_var }};
     }
+
+    /* Specific highlight color based on category */
+    a.card.codecard[data-category="{{ segment.url }}"]:hover,
+    a.card.codecard[data-category="{{ segment.url }}"]:focus {
+        border-left: 5px solid {{ color_var }};
+    }
+    .codecard[data-category="{{ segment.url }}"] mark {
+        color: {{ color_var }};
+    }
 {%- endfor -%}
 
 div#GDS_input-, div#GDS_input-search
 {
     border-bottom: 1px solid var(--other);
-    border-radius: 5px;
+    border-radius: 50rem;
 }
 #GDS_input-, #GDS_input-search
 {
@@ -208,17 +227,20 @@ div#GDS_input-.search-loading.indeterminate::after, div#GDS_input-search.search-
     background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, var(--other), transparent);
 }
 
-#GDS_input- ~ #suggestions-container #suggestion-light.light-on, #GDS_input-search ~ #suggestions-container #suggestion-light.light-on
+#GDS_input- ~ #hints-container #hint-icon.light-on, #GDS_input-search ~ #hints-container #hint-icon.light-on
 {
     color: var(--other);
 }
 
-#other > a:hover, #other > a:focus, #search > a:hover, #search > a:focus, .nav-link.sidebar-item-active.about, a.about:hover, a.about:focus
+#other > a:hover, #other > a:focus, .nav-link.sidebar-item-active.about, a.about:hover, a.about:focus
 { border-left: 5px solid var(--other); }
 
 #fc-, #fc-search, #fc-about, #fc-shubhamrdarda, .wvnav-item-active-, .wvnav-item-active-search, .wvnav-item-active-about, #fc-:hover, #fc-search:hover, #fc-about:hover, #fc-shubhamrdarda:hover
 { color: var(--other); }
 
+#settings { color: #999; }
+#settings.active { color: var(--settings); }
+
 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 .highlight table td { padding: 5px; }
diff --git a/assets/css/gd.css b/assets/css/gd.css
index a4ca457..87ea3e7 100644
--- a/assets/css/gd.css
+++ b/assets/css/gd.css
@@ -1,19 +1,4 @@
-@media(min-width: 767px) {
-    img#logo {
-        width: 40px;
-        height: 40px;
-        border-radius: 5px;
-    }
-}
-
 @media (max-width: 767.98px) {
-    img#logo {
-        margin: -4px 0px 0px 0px;
-        width: 35px;
-        height: 35px;
-        border-radius: 5px;
-    }
-
     div.navbar-brand {
         margin-left: 40px;
         position: fixed;
@@ -74,7 +59,7 @@
     }
 
     body.is-webview .leftsidebar-collapse {
-        bottom: 67px;
+        bottom: 64px;
     }
 }
 
@@ -103,7 +88,7 @@ h6 {
 
 hr {
     margin: 12px 0px 12px 0px;
-    color: var(--color1);
+    color: var(--board-tc);
 }
 
 p {
@@ -171,10 +156,14 @@ li.nav-item>a.nav-link {
     color: var(--navlink);
 }
 
-li.nav-item>a.nav-link:hover,
 li.nav-item>a.nav-link:focus {
     color: var(--navlink-hover);
 }
+@media (hover: hover) {
+    li.nav-item>a.nav-link:hover {
+        color: var(--navlink-hover);
+    }
+}
 
 .dropdown-item.active, .dropdown-item:active {
     background-color: var(--bs-secondary);
@@ -192,7 +181,7 @@ span.nav-link:hover {
 }
 
 .jumbotron {
-    padding: 100px 0px 44px 0px;
+    padding: 100px 0px 40px 0px;
     margin-bottom: 60px;
     border-radius: 0px;
     border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color1);
@@ -210,10 +199,12 @@ div.procard {
     color: var(--textcolor);
 }
 
-div.procard:hover {
-    background-color: var(--hover_jumbotron);
-    box-shadow: 0 0 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
-    transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
+@media (hover: hover) {
+    div.procard:hover {
+        background-color: var(--hover_jumbotron);
+        box-shadow: 0 0 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
+        transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
+    }
 }
 
 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -274,11 +265,19 @@ a.card {
     text-decoration: none;
 }
 
-a.card:hover,
 a.card:focus {
     border-radius: 0px 5px 5px 0px;
     transition: 0.3s;
     background-color: var(--infocard);
+    outline: none;
+}
+@media (hover: hover) {
+    a.card:hover {
+        border-radius: 0px 5px 5px 0px;
+        transition: 0.3s;
+        background-color: var(--infocard);
+        outline: none;
+    }
 }
 
 a.card.codecard {
@@ -407,12 +406,18 @@ div.collapsed {
     border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color2)
 }
 
-.sidebar>a:hover,
 .sidebar>a:focus {
     background-color: var(--color2);
     color: var(--bnw);
     box-shadow: none;
 }
+@media (hover: hover) {
+    .sidebar>a:hover {
+        background-color: var(--color2);
+        color: var(--bnw);
+        box-shadow: none;
+    }
+}
 
 .sidebar,
 pre {
@@ -449,26 +454,39 @@ div.boardtitle~a {
     color: var(--board-tc);
 }
 
-div.boardtitle~a:hover,
 div.boardtitle~a:focus {
     border-radius: 0px;
     color: var(--bnw);
     background-color: var(--color2);
 }
+@media (hover: hover) {
+    div.boardtitle~a:hover {
+        border-radius: 0px;
+        color: var(--bnw);
+        background-color: var(--color2);
+    }
+}
 
 div.boardtitle~a:last-child,
-div.boardtitle~a:last-child:hover,
 div.boardtitle~a:last-child:focus {
     border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
     border-radius: 0px 0px 5px 5px;
 }
+@media (hover: hover) {
+    div.boardtitle~a:last-child:hover {
+        border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
+        border-radius: 0px 0px 5px 5px;
+    }
+}
 
 a.card.disabled {
     cursor: default;
 }
 
-a.card.disabled:hover {
-    background-color: var(--board-bc);
+@media (hover: hover) {
+    a.card.disabled:hover {
+        background-color: var(--board-bc);
+    }
 }
 
 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -511,29 +529,6 @@ div.box.card-footer {
 
 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
-#GDSInput
-{
-    border-top-left-radius: 5px;
-    border-bottom-left-radius: 5px;
-    border-right: transparent;
-}
-
-#mic_icon
-{
-    border: 1px solid var(--color1);
-    color: #999;
-}
-
-#search_icon, #close_icon
-{
-    border-top-right-radius: 5px;
-    border-bottom-right-radius: 5px;
-    border: 1px solid var(--color1);
-    color: #999;
-}
-
-/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
-
 input[type="text"]
 {
     border: 1px solid var(--color1);
@@ -659,82 +654,80 @@ a.back-to-top>i.svgicon {
 
 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
-div.wvnav {
-    position: fixed;
-    height: 68px;
-    bottom: 0;
-    width: 100%;
-    border-top: 1px solid var(--color1);
-    background-color: var(--wvnav);
-    box-shadow: 0 0 9px var(--navbar-shadow);
-    padding: 8px;
-}
-
-a.wvnav-item>i {
-    padding: 3px 20px 3px 20px;
-}
-
-a.wvnav-item>div {
+.copyright-footer {
+    background-color: var(--color3);
     color: var(--bnw);
-    font-size: 13px;
+    padding: 0 15px;
+    height: 50px;
+    align-items: center;
+    margin: 0px;
 }
 
-a.wvnav-item:first-child {
-    margin-left: 5px;
+.footer-no-padding {
+    padding: 0px;
 }
 
-a.wvnav-item:last-child {
-    margin-right: 5px;
-}
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
-a.wvnav-item>i.wvsvg {
-    font-size: 23px;
+#global-action-pill {
+    position: fixed;
+    bottom: 24px;
+    left: 50%;
+    transform: translateX(-50%);
+    z-index: 1040;
+    display: none;
+    background-color: var(--wvnav);
+    opacity: 0.85;
+    backdrop-filter: blur(2px);
+    border-radius: 30px;
+    border: 1px solid var(--color1);
+    box-shadow: 0 0 9px var(--navbar-shadow);
+    padding: 4px 12px;
+    align-items: center;
+    gap: 5px;
 }
 
-.wvnav-item-active>i {
-    background-color: var(--wvnav-item-active);
+#global-action-pill > a {
+    cursor: pointer;
+    color: var(--bnw);
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: center;
+    padding: 8px 14px;
     border-radius: 25px;
+    transition: background-color .2s ease-in-out;
 }
 
-/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+@media (hover: hover) {
+    #global-action-pill > a:hover {
+        background-color: var(--wvnav-item-active);
+    }
+}
 
-.copyright-footer {
-    background-color: var(--infocard);
-    color: var(--bnw);
-    padding: 0 15px;
-    height: 40px;
-    align-items: center;
-    margin: 0px;
+#global-action-pill > a > i {
+    font-size: 20px;
 }
 
-.footer-no-padding {
-    padding: 0px;
+#global-action-pill > div {
+    width: 1px;
+    height: 24px;
+    background-color: var(--bnw);
+    opacity: 0.2;
 }
 
 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+/* Mobile Hover Fix: Overrides framework defaults (like Bootstrap) that stick on touch devices */
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+@media (hover: none) {
+    .btn:hover {
+        background-color: transparent; /* Reset hover background */
+        color: var(--textcolor);       /* Reset hover text color */
+        border-color: var(--color1);   /* Reset hover border */
+    }
 
-#search-suggestions .btn-outline-secondary.active, #search-suggestions .btn-outline-secondary:focus
-{
-    box-shadow: none;
-}
-
-.search-loading { position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
-.search-loading::after {
-    content: "";
-    position: absolute;
-    bottom: 0;
-    left: 0;
-    height: 2px;
-    z-index: 5;
-    width: var(--search-progress, 0%);
-    transition: width 0.1s linear;
-}
-.search-loading.indeterminate::after {
-    width: 100%;
-    transform: translateX(-100%);
-    animation: loading-slide 1.5s infinite;
-}
-@keyframes loading-slide {
-    0% { transform: translateX(-100%); }
-    100% { transform: translateX(100%); }
+    /* Ensure selected pills (active state) still look selected */
+    .btn.active, .btn:active {
+        background-color: var(--bs-secondary) !important;
+        color: #fff !important;
+        border-color: var(--bs-secondary) !important;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/assets/gdid_sets/gdid.py b/assets/gdid_sets/gdid.py
index 9c72e1c..aef1711 100644
--- a/assets/gdid_sets/gdid.py
+++ b/assets/gdid_sets/gdid.py
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@
 INVALID_FILE = SETS_DIR / "invalid.txt"
 URL_YML_FILE = REPO_ROOT / "_data" / "url.yml"
 
+# Global cache for directory titles from index.html files
+PERMALINK_DIR_TITLES: Dict[str, str] = {}
+
 
 def load_gitignore() -> Set[str]:
     """
@@ -71,6 +74,24 @@ def load_gitignore() -> Set[str]:
     return ignored
 
 
+def build_permalink_dir_cache(files_to_scan: List[Path]):
+    """
+    Scans HTML files to build a cache of directory permalinks to their titles.
+    This is used to automatically create new categories in YAML navigation.
+    """
+    if PERMALINK_DIR_TITLES:  # Avoid rebuilding
+        return
+
+    for file in files_to_scan:
+        if file.name == 'index.html':
+            try:
+                permalink, title = extract_metadata_from_html(file)
+                if permalink.endswith('/'):
+                    PERMALINK_DIR_TITLES[permalink.strip('/')] = title
+            except (ValueError, FileNotFoundError):
+                continue
+
+
 def collect_all_files(ignored: Set[str]) -> Tuple[List[Path], List[Path]]:
     """
     Collects all relevant files in a single pass.
@@ -80,7 +101,7 @@ def collect_all_files(ignored: Set[str]) -> Tuple[List[Path], List[Path]]:
     other_files = []
     for root, dirs, files in os.walk(REPO_ROOT):
         # Prune ignored directories
-        dirs[:] = [d for d in dirs if d not in ignored and d != ".git" and d != "_site"]
+        dirs[:] = [d for d in dirs if d not in ignored and d not in {".git", "_site", ".vendor"}]
         for filename in files:
             if filename in ignored:
                 continue
@@ -189,17 +210,17 @@ def scan_url_yml(all_gdids: Set[str]) -> Dict[str, List[str]]:
 
 def scan_repo_files(all_gdids: Set[str], files_to_scan: List[Path]) -> Dict[str, List[str]]:
     """
-    Scans repository files for GDID usage and non-standard filenames.
-    This scan looks for GDIDs in filenames and identifies page files that
-    do not follow the standard `gdid.html` naming convention. Non-standard
-    filenames are written to `invalid.txt`.
+    Scans repository filenames for GDID usage and identifies non-standard filenames.
+    This scan specifically looks for GDIDs within filenames. It also identifies
+    page files that do not follow the standard `gdid.html` naming convention,
+    writing any findings to `invalid.txt`.
 
     Args:
         all_gdids: A set of all known GDIDs to validate against.
         files_to_scan: List of files to scan.
 
     Returns:
-        A dictionary mapping each found GDID to a list of file paths.
+        A dictionary mapping each found GDID to a list of file paths where it was found in the name.
     """
     usage = defaultdict(list)
     nonstandard_ids = []
@@ -297,6 +318,37 @@ def update(self, html_path: Path):
         except (ValueError, FileNotFoundError):
             return
 
+        data_dir = REPO_ROOT / "_data"
+        yml_path = None
+        permalink_parts = permalink.lstrip('/').split('/')
+
+        try:
+            # Strategy 1: Use file path structure to find the YAML file.
+            # e.g., pages/learn/cpp/* + permalink cpp/* -> _data/learn/cpp.yml
+            rel_path_from_pages = html_path.relative_to(REPO_ROOT / "pages")
+            master_folder = rel_path_from_pages.parts[0]
+
+            if permalink_parts:
+                yaml_filename_key = permalink_parts[0]
+                master_data_dir = data_dir / master_folder
+                if master_data_dir.is_dir():
+                    candidates = list(master_data_dir.glob(f"**/{yaml_filename_key}.yml"))
+                    if candidates:
+                        yml_path = candidates[0]
+
+        except (ValueError, IndexError):
+            # Not in pages dir or path/permalink is malformed.
+            pass
+
+        # Strategy 2: Fallback to global search if structured search fails.
+        if not yml_path and permalink_parts:
+            candidates = list(data_dir.rglob(f"{permalink_parts[0]}.yml"))
+            if candidates:
+                yml_path = candidates[0]
+
+        if not yml_path:
+            return  # Could not determine YAML file.
+
         normalized_permalink = permalink.rstrip('.html')
         parts = normalized_permalink.lstrip('/').split('/')
 
@@ -304,25 +356,18 @@ def update(self, html_path: Path):
             return
 
         section_key, subsection_key = parts[0], parts[1]
-        data_dir = REPO_ROOT / "_data"
 
         with self.lock:
-            yml_path = data_dir / f"{section_key}.yml"
-            if not yml_path.exists():
-                candidates = list(data_dir.rglob(f"{section_key}.yml"))
-                if candidates:
-                    yml_path = candidates[0]
-                else:
-                    return
-
             if yml_path not in self.cache:
                 try:
                     self.cache[yml_path] = yaml.load(yml_path.read_text(encoding='utf-8'), Loader=Loader) or {}
-                except Exception:
+                except (yaml.YAMLError, FileNotFoundError) as e:
                     self.cache[yml_path] = {}
+                    logger.error(f"Could not load or parse {yml_path.name}, skipping: {e}")
 
             data = self.cache[yml_path]
             updated = False
+            found_section = False
             for section in data.get('grandparent', []):
                 if not isinstance(section, dict):
                     continue
@@ -333,13 +378,36 @@ def update(self, html_path: Path):
                         children = []
                         section['children'] = children
 
-                    if any(child.get('url', '').rstrip('.html') == normalized_permalink for child in children):
+                    if any(child.get('url', '').strip('/') == permalink.strip('/') for child in children):
                         continue
 
-                    children.append({'title': title, 'url': permalink})
+                    children.append({'url': permalink, 'title': title})
                     updated = True
+                    found_section = True
                     break
 
+            if not found_section:
+                parent_url = f"{section_key}/{subsection_key}"
+                parent_title = PERMALINK_DIR_TITLES.get(parent_url)
+
+                if parent_title:
+                    logger.info(f"Creating new category '{parent_title}' in {yml_path.name}...")
+                    new_section = {
+                        'parent': parent_title,
+                        'subtree': subsection_key.replace('-', ' ').title(),
+                        'url': parent_url,
+                        'children': [
+                            {'url': permalink, 'title': title}
+                        ]
+                    }
+
+                    if 'grandparent' not in data:
+                        data['grandparent'] = []
+                    data['grandparent'].append(new_section)
+                    updated = True
+                else:
+                    logger.warning(f"Could not find index.html with permalink '{parent_url}/' to create new category in {yml_path.name}")
+
             if updated:
                 self.dirty.add(yml_path)
 
@@ -440,6 +508,7 @@ def main():
     gdid_map = load_gdids_by_file()
     all_gdids = {gid for gid_list in gdid_map.values() for gid in gid_list}
     md_files, repo_files = collect_all_files(ignored)
+    build_permalink_dir_cache(repo_files)
 
     with ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor:
         future_md = executor.submit(scan_markdown_files, all_gdids, md_files)
diff --git a/assets/gdid_sets/gdid_setA.txt b/assets/gdid_sets/gdid_setA.txt
index d5779ac..48e1ec9 100644
--- a/assets/gdid_sets/gdid_setA.txt
+++ b/assets/gdid_sets/gdid_setA.txt
@@ -4275,25 +4275,6 @@ gdkweoz - CONTRIBUTING.md (line 146); CONTRIBUTING.md (line 91)
 gdkwzyw - CONTRIBUTING.md (line 147); CONTRIBUTING.md (line 91)
 gdwyygg - CONTRIBUTING.md (line 148); CONTRIBUTING.md (line 91)
 gdgggza - CONTRIBUTING.md (line 150); CONTRIBUTING.md (line 96)
-gdaeavq - pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdaeavq.html
-gdbhdky - pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdbhdky.html
-gdbqeza - pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdbqeza.html
-gddmaee - pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gddmaee.html
-gdqnwvz - pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdqnwvz.html
-gdvakeg - pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdvakeg.html
-gdvvdud - pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdvvdud.html
-gdvxqaz - pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdvxqaz.html
-gdzkizy - pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdzkizy.html
-gdatnak - pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdatnak.html
-gdcgame - pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdcgame.html
-gdgywzg - pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdgywzg.html
-gdsgpyl - pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdsgpyl.html
-gdvnyvi - pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdvnyvi.html
-gdvthab - pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdvthab.html
-gdvyzpn - pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdvyzpn.html
-gdwagtz - pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdwagtz.html
-gdwdwaz - pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdwdwaz.html
-gdwzqyk - pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdwzqyk.html
 gdaazcg - pages/learn/c/arrays/gdaazcg.html
 gdavnal - pages/learn/c/arrays/gdavnal.html
 gdmqyew - pages/learn/c/arrays/gdmqyew.html
@@ -4434,6 +4415,56 @@ gdsxlqq - pages/learn/cg/shapes/gdsxlqq.html
 gdvayid - pages/learn/cg/shapes/gdvayid.html
 gdwwsfw - pages/learn/cg/shapes/gdwwsfw.html
 gdzewpm - pages/learn/cg/shapes/gdzewpm.html
+gdaeavq - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdaeavq.html
+gdatnak - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdatnak.html
+gdbhdky - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdbhdky.html
+gdbqeza - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdbqeza.html
+gdcgame - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdcgame.html
+gddmaee - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gddmaee.html
+gdgywzg - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdgywzg.html
+gdqnwvz - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdqnwvz.html
+gdsgpyl - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdsgpyl.html
+gdvakeg - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvakeg.html
+gdvnyvi - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvnyvi.html
+gdvthab - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvthab.html
+gdvvdud - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvvdud.html
+gdvxqaz - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvxqaz.html
+gdvyzpn - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvyzpn.html
+gdwagtz - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdwagtz.html
+gdwdwaz - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdwdwaz.html
+gdwzqyk - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdwzqyk.html
+gdzkizy - pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdzkizy.html
+gdegsem - pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdegsem.html
+gdewzhw - pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdewzhw.html
+gdhadwu - pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdhadwu.html
+gdwpkzv - pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdwpkzv.html
+gdxmvyy - pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdxmvyy.html
+gdzegce - pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdzegce.html
+gdddysa - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdddysa.html
+gdggadz - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdggadz.html
+gdggdyw - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdggdyw.html
+gdgoauk - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdgoauk.html
+gdiewcv - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdiewcv.html
+gdkdena - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdkdena.html
+gdmalgp - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdmalgp.html
+gdtrkke - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdtrkke.html
+gduepzv - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gduepzv.html
+gduzcrz - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gduzcrz.html
+gdvagvz - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdvagvz.html
+gdvwwue - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdvwwue.html
+gdydkmw - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdydkmw.html
+gdzedbg - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdzedbg.html
+gdzygzo - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdzygzo.html
+gdzzzay - pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdzzzay.html
+gdawdqp - pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdawdqp.html
+gdazzam - pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdazzam.html
+gdcvyzd - pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdcvyzd.html
+gddggad - pages/learn/cluster/octave/gddggad.html
+gdeceiw - pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdeceiw.html
+gdeezgn - pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdeezgn.html
+gdfxzpq - pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdfxzpq.html
+gdgeiev - pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdgeiev.html
+gduaulz - pages/learn/cluster/octave/gduaulz.html
 gdcewwv - pages/learn/cluster/ranorex/gdcewwv.html
 gdewwzv - pages/learn/cluster/ranorex/gdewwzv.html
 gdfzznc - pages/learn/cluster/ranorex/gdfzznc.html
@@ -4616,12 +4647,6 @@ gdwzsgz - pages/learn/dsa/sorting/gdwzsgz.html
 gdyezyi - pages/learn/dsa/sorting/gdyezyi.html
 gdzxlqf - pages/learn/dsa/sorting/gdzxlqf.html
 gdbuzge - pages/learn/dsa/trees/gdbuzge.html
-gdhadwu - pages/learn/fsharp/controls/gdhadwu.html
-gdzegce - pages/learn/fsharp/controls/gdzegce.html
-gdegsem - pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdegsem.html
-gdewzhw - pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdewzhw.html
-gdwpkzv - pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdwpkzv.html
-gdxmvyy - pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdxmvyy.html
 gdaalaw - pages/learn/java/abstraction/gdaalaw.html
 gdaedbv - pages/learn/java/abstraction/gdaedbv.html
 gdddxgp - pages/learn/java/abstraction/gdddxgp.html
@@ -4762,22 +4787,6 @@ gdwoddg - pages/learn/linux/commands/gdwoddg.html
 gdwzqca - pages/learn/linux/commands/gdwzqca.html
 gdyzygf - pages/learn/linux/commands/gdyzygf.html
 gdzbgoi - pages/learn/linux/commands/gdzbgoi.html
-gdkdena - pages/learn/lisp/controls/gdkdena.html
-gduepzv - pages/learn/lisp/controls/gduepzv.html
-gduzcrz - pages/learn/lisp/functions/gduzcrz.html
-gdddysa - pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdddysa.html
-gdggadz - pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdggadz.html
-gdggdyw - pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdggdyw.html
-gdgoauk - pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdgoauk.html
-gdiewcv - pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdiewcv.html
-gdmalgp - pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdmalgp.html
-gdvagvz - pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdvagvz.html
-gdvwwue - pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdvwwue.html
-gdydkmw - pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdydkmw.html
-gdzedbg - pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdzedbg.html
-gdzzzay - pages/learn/lisp/loops/gdzzzay.html
-gdtrkke - pages/learn/lisp/strings/gdtrkke.html
-gdzygzo - pages/learn/lisp/strings/gdzygzo.html
 gdeuazw - pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdeuazw.html
 gdhydqg - pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdhydqg.html
 gdhzgdy - pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdhzgdy.html
@@ -4805,15 +4814,6 @@ gdzzcev - pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdzzcev.html
 gddayxg - pages/learn/mysql/fundamentals/gddayxg.html
 gdgpzwy - pages/learn/mysql/fundamentals/gdgpzwy.html
 gdrgtrz - pages/learn/mysql/fundamentals/gdrgtrz.html
-gdazzam - pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdazzam.html
-gddggad - pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gddggad.html
-gdeezgn - pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdeezgn.html
-gdfxzpq - pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdfxzpq.html
-gdgeiev - pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdgeiev.html
-gdawdqp - pages/learn/octave/strings/gdawdqp.html
-gdcvyzd - pages/learn/octave/strings/gdcvyzd.html
-gdeceiw - pages/learn/octave/strings/gdeceiw.html
-gduaulz - pages/learn/octave/strings/gduaulz.html
 gddeqlk - pages/learn/python/arrays/gddeqlk.html
 gddkizz - pages/learn/python/arrays/gddkizz.html
 gddrehr - pages/learn/python/arrays/gddrehr.html
@@ -4980,21 +4980,21 @@ gdgeldi - pages/tools/generators/common/gdgeldi.html
 gdhzgsg - pages/tools/generators/common/gdhzgsg.html
 gdcztzc - pages/tools/utilities/common/gdcztzc.html
 gddwork - pages/tools/utilities/common/gddwork.html
-gdcdhdg - README.md (line 39); README.md (line 84)
-gdyzyvk - README.md (line 39); README.md (line 85)
-gdycyiw - README.md (line 40); README.md (line 86)
-gdypvzk - README.md (line 40); README.md (line 87)
-gdpgpdw - README.md (line 40); README.md (line 88)
-gdkgddy - README.md (line 41); README.md (line 89)
-gdzveyt - README.md (line 41); README.md (line 90)
-gddaakl - README.md (line 41); README.md (line 91)
-gdwgvye - README.md (line 41); README.md (line 92)
-gdgnlyl - README.md (line 41); README.md (line 93)
-gdzytwa - README.md (line 48); README.md (line 94)
-gdzynzx - README.md (line 48); README.md (line 95)
-gdkvdbh - README.md (line 49); README.md (line 96)
-gdiagyq - README.md (line 49); README.md (line 97)
-gdwwzzn - README.md (line 50); README.md (line 98)
-gdabdte - README.md (line 50); README.md (line 99)
-gddndwy - README.md (line 100); README.md (line 67)
-gdaepzd - README.md (line 101); README.md (line 72)
\ No newline at end of file
+gdcdhdg - README.md (line 38); README.md (line 83)
+gdyzyvk - README.md (line 38); README.md (line 84)
+gdycyiw - README.md (line 39); README.md (line 85)
+gdypvzk - README.md (line 39); README.md (line 86)
+gdpgpdw - README.md (line 39); README.md (line 87)
+gdkgddy - README.md (line 40); README.md (line 88)
+gdzveyt - README.md (line 40); README.md (line 89)
+gddaakl - README.md (line 40); README.md (line 90)
+gdwgvye - README.md (line 40); README.md (line 91)
+gdgnlyl - README.md (line 40); README.md (line 92)
+gdzytwa - README.md (line 47); README.md (line 93)
+gdzynzx - README.md (line 47); README.md (line 94)
+gdkvdbh - README.md (line 48); README.md (line 95)
+gdiagyq - README.md (line 48); README.md (line 96)
+gdwwzzn - README.md (line 49); README.md (line 97)
+gdabdte - README.md (line 49); README.md (line 98)
+gddndwy - README.md (line 66); README.md (line 99)
+gdaepzd - README.md (line 100); README.md (line 71)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/js/gd.js b/assets/js/gd.js
index d970f85..effaa19 100644
--- a/assets/js/gd.js
+++ b/assets/js/gd.js
@@ -24,6 +24,28 @@
  *    - Analytics: Configures Google Analytics (GA4) for traffic tracking.
  */
 
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// User Agent Detection
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+window.userAgent = navigator.userAgent;
+const normalizedUserAgent = (window.userAgent || '').toLowerCase();
+const isAndroid = /android/.test(normalizedUserAgent);
+// Detect if running inside an Android WebView
+window.isWebview = (isAndroid && /; wv\)/.test(normalizedUserAgent));
+window.isGoDardaApp = window.isWebview || (window.userAgent && window.userAgent.includes("GoDarda"));
+
+if (!window.isGoDardaApp && window.location.pathname.includes("/settings")) {
+    window.location.replace("/404");
+}
+
+window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
+    if (window.isGoDardaApp) {
+        if (typeof setupAppView === 'function') setupAppView();
+    } else {
+        if (typeof setupWebAppView === 'function') setupWebAppView();
+    }
+});
+
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Frame Busting
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -70,8 +92,13 @@ const handleTouchEnd = () => {
     if (!xUp || !yUp) return;
     const xDiff = xUp - xDown;
     const yDiff = yUp - yDown;
+
     // Check if the horizontal movement is significant enough to be considered a swipe
-    if ((Math.abs(xDiff) > Math.abs(yDiff)) && (Math.abs(xDiff) > 0.6 * document.body.clientWidth)) {
+    // Dynamic threshold: Low (50px) if starting from left edge (gutter), High (60%) otherwise to protect code blocks.
+    const isEdgeSwipe = xDown < 70;
+    const threshold = isEdgeSwipe ? 50 : (0.6 * document.body.clientWidth);
+
+    if ((Math.abs(xDiff) > Math.abs(yDiff)) && (Math.abs(xDiff) > threshold)) {
         if (xDiff > 0) {
             // Swipe right: Open left sidebar
             $('.leftsidebar-collapse').toggleClass('open');
@@ -102,6 +129,12 @@ $(() => {
     // Ensure input fields and textareas still show the text cursor for editing.
     $('input, textarea').css('cursor', 'text');
 
+    // Remove focus from buttons after click to prevent persistent hover/focus states
+    $(document).on('click', '.btn, a.card, .wvnav-item, #global-action-pill a', (event) => {
+        const $btn = $(event.currentTarget);
+        setTimeout(() => $btn.blur(), 50);
+    });
+
     // Toggle left sidebar visibility
     $('[data-bs-toggle="leftsidebar"]').on('click', () => {
         $('.rightsidebar-collapse').removeClass('open');
@@ -139,7 +172,8 @@ $(() => {
     // Scroll-based Behaviors
     // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // Smooth scroll to top
-    $('.back-to-top').on('click', () => {
+    $('.back-to-top').on('click', (e) => {
+        e.preventDefault();
         $('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: 0 }, 100);
     });
 
@@ -150,49 +184,92 @@ $(() => {
         lastActiveItem.scrollIntoView({ block: 'center', behavior: 'auto' });
     }
 
-    const today = new Date().toLocaleDateString();
-    let isShown = sessionStorage.getItem('status');
-    const $backToTop = $("#backtotop");
     const $leftSidebar = $('.leftsidebar-collapse');
     const $rightSidebar = $('.rightsidebar-collapse');
     const $staticBackdrop = $('#staticBackdrop');
+    const $globalPill = $("#global-action-pill");
+    const $pillShare = $("#pill-share-button");
+    const $pillTop = $("#pill-back-to-top");
+
+    // Share Button Logic
+    $pillShare.on('click', async (e) => {
+        if (window.isGoDardaApp) return; // App handles "share:" protocol natively
+        e.preventDefault();
+        const url = window.location.href;
+        const title = document.title;
+        if (navigator.share) {
+            try { await navigator.share({ title, url }); } catch (err) { console.error('Share failed:', err); }
+        } else {
+            navigator.clipboard.writeText(url);
+            alert("Link copied to clipboard!");
+        }
+    });
+
+    let isScrollingToTop = false;
+    // Back to Top Logic
+    $pillTop.on('click', (e) => {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        isScrollingToTop = true;
+        $('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: 0 }, 100).promise().then(() => { isScrollingToTop = false; });
+    });
 
     let ticking = false;
+    let isPillVisible = false;
+
+    const checkScrollDependentUI = () => {
+        const scrollTop = $(window).scrollTop();
+        const scrollableHeight = $(document).height() - $(window).height();
+        const scrollPercent = scrollableHeight > 0 ? (scrollTop / scrollableHeight) * 100 : 0;
+
+        // Show modal once per day when user scrolls past 50% of the page
+        if (scrollPercent >= 50 && !isScrollingToTop) {
+            const currentDate = new Date().toLocaleDateString();
+            const lastShownDate = localStorage.getItem('status');
+            if (lastShownDate !== currentDate) {
+                $staticBackdrop.modal('show');
+                localStorage.setItem('status', currentDate);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Toggle Global Pill visibility at 50% scroll
+        if (scrollPercent >= 50) {
+            if (!isPillVisible) {
+                $globalPill.stop(true).fadeIn(250).css('display', 'flex');
+                isPillVisible = true;
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (isPillVisible) {
+                $globalPill.stop(true).fadeOut(500);
+                isPillVisible = false;
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
     $(window).on('scroll', () => {
         if (!ticking) {
             window.requestAnimationFrame(() => {
-                const scrollTop = $(window).scrollTop();
-
-                // Show modal once per day when user scrolls past 50% of the page
-                if (isShown !== today) {
-                    const scrollPercent = ((scrollTop) / ($(document).height() - $(window).height())) * 100;
-                    if (scrollPercent >= 50) {
-                        $staticBackdrop.modal('show');
-                        sessionStorage.setItem('status', today);
-                        isShown = today;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                // Toggle "Back to Top" button visibility
-                if (scrollTop > 100) {
-                    $backToTop.show();
-                } else {
-                    $backToTop.hide();
-                }
+                checkScrollDependentUI();
 
                 // Auto-close sidebars on scroll
-                if ($leftSidebar.hasClass('open')) {
-                    $leftSidebar.removeClass('open');
-                }
-                if ($rightSidebar.hasClass('open')) {
-                    $rightSidebar.removeClass('open');
-                }
+                if ($leftSidebar.hasClass('open')) $leftSidebar.removeClass('open');
+                if ($rightSidebar.hasClass('open')) $rightSidebar.removeClass('open');
+
                 ticking = false;
             });
             ticking = true;
         }
     });
 
+    // Check scroll state on load to handle pages that load at the bottom (e.g., from bfcache)
+    checkScrollDependentUI();
+
+    // Also specifically handle pageshow for bfcache
+    $(window).on('pageshow', (event) => {
+        if (event.originalEvent && event.originalEvent.persisted) {
+            checkScrollDependentUI();
+        }
+    });
+
     // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // Theme Management (Dark/Light Mode)
     // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -307,17 +384,30 @@ $(() => {
             }
         }
     });
-});
 
-// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// User Agent Detection
-// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-window.userAgent = navigator.userAgent;
-const normalizedUserAgent = (window.userAgent || '').toLowerCase();
-const isAndroid = /android/.test(normalizedUserAgent);
-// Detect if running inside an Android WebView
-window.isWebview = (isAndroid && /; wv\)/.test(normalizedUserAgent));
-window.isGoDardaApp = window.isWebview || (window.userAgent && window.userAgent.includes("GoDarda"));
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Modal Back Button Support
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    $(document).on('shown.bs.modal', '.modal', () => {
+        history.pushState({ modalOpen: true }, '', window.location.href);
+    });
+
+    $(document).on('hidden.bs.modal', '.modal', function() {
+        if ($(this).data('is-popstate')) {
+            $(this).removeData('is-popstate');
+        } else if (history.state && history.state.modalOpen) {
+            history.back();
+        }
+    });
+
+    $(window).on('popstate', () => {
+        const $openModal = $('.modal.show');
+        if ($openModal.length) {
+            $openModal.data('is-popstate', true);
+            $openModal.modal('hide');
+        }
+    });
+});
 
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Google Analytics Configuration
diff --git a/assets/js/search.js b/assets/js/search.js
index 37e528a..606ce18 100644
--- a/assets/js/search.js
+++ b/assets/js/search.js
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
  * GoDarda - Search Functionality (search.js)
  *
  * @file This script implements the client-side search engine for the GoDarda website.
- * @summary It handles lazy loading of search data, fuzzy matching, auto-correction,
+ * @summary It handles lazy loading of search data, optimized matching,
  * and dynamic result rendering in a performant and context-aware manner.
  *
  * Key Features:
  * 1. Lazy Loading: Fetches search data (JSON) only on user interaction to minimize initial page load.
- * 2. Fuzzy Search: Employs Levenshtein distance for typo tolerance and suggests corrections.
+ * 2. Optimized Search: Uses a tiered scoring system (exact, prefix, substring, token) for relevant results.
  * 3. Real-time Feedback: Provides a progress bar during data fetch and debounced result rendering.
  * 4. Context-Aware Filtering: Narrows down search results based on the current site section (e.g., /learn, /tools).
  * 5. Performant Rendering: Uses string concatenation and requestAnimationFrame for efficient result display.
@@ -41,9 +41,133 @@
 
         const $inputContainer = $('#GDS_input-' + containerId);
         const $closeIcon = $('#close_icon');
-        const $searchIcon = $('#search_icon');
         // Fallback to the generic 'search' container if a context-specific one isn't present.
-        const $resultsContainer = $container.length ? $container : $('#search');
+        const $resultsContainer = $container;
+        const $hintsParentContainer = $('#hints-container');
+
+        // Hide keyboard on scroll of results
+        $resultsContainer.on('scroll', () => {
+            if (document.activeElement) {
+                const tagName = document.activeElement.tagName.toLowerCase();
+                if (tagName === 'input' || tagName === 'textarea') {
+                    document.activeElement.blur();
+                }
+            }
+        });
+
+        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+        // SECTION: Sticky Search Bar
+        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+        const $navbar = $('.navbar');
+
+        // Create a placeholder element to occupy the space of the search input when it becomes fixed.
+        // This prevents layout shifts in the navbar/header when the input is taken out of the document flow.
+        const $stickyPlaceholder = $('<div>').attr('id', 'search-placeholder').hide();
+        $inputContainer.before($stickyPlaceholder);
+
+        const $backdrop = $('#search-backdrop');
+        $backdrop.on('click', () => window.clear_input());
+
+        /**
+         * Updates the position and visual state of the search container.
+         *
+         * This function handles the transition of the search bar from its natural flow position
+         * to a fixed "overlay" position when a search is active.
+         *
+         * Key behaviors:
+         * 1. Activates the placeholder to maintain layout stability.
+         * 2. Calculates the exact screen coordinates to position the fixed search bar.
+         * 3. Adjusts z-indices to ensure the search UI sits above the backdrop (1050).
+         * 4. Dynamically sizes the results container to fit within the viewport (90% height).
+         */
+        const updateSearchPosition = (isResize = false) => {
+            const isSearchActive = $input.val().length > 0;
+            if (isSearchActive) {
+                // Calculate top offset based on navbar height to position just below it.
+                const navHeight = ($navbar.outerHeight() || 0) + 10;
+
+                // Only update placeholder height if it's not visible (initial open) or forced (resize)
+                // This prevents the background from jumping when hints change or match count appears.
+                if (!$stickyPlaceholder.is(':visible') || isResize === true) {
+                    let h = $inputContainer.outerHeight(true);
+                    if ($hintsParentContainer.is(':visible')) h += $hintsParentContainer.outerHeight(true);
+                    $stickyPlaceholder.css({ height: h }).show();
+                } else {
+                    $stickyPlaceholder.show();
+                }
+
+                const rect = $stickyPlaceholder[0].getBoundingClientRect();
+                const targetWidth = rect.width;
+                const targetLeft = rect.left;
+                const topPos = navHeight;
+
+                // Promote input container to fixed position.
+                $inputContainer.css({
+                    'position': 'fixed',
+                    'width': targetWidth,
+                    'top': topPos + 'px',
+                    'left': targetLeft + 'px',
+                    'z-index': '1050'
+                });
+
+                const inputHeight = $inputContainer.outerHeight();
+                let nextTop = topPos + inputHeight + 5;
+
+                // Position hints container if visible.
+                if ($hintsParentContainer.is(':visible')) {
+                    $hintsParentContainer.css({
+                        'position': 'fixed',
+                        'width': targetWidth,
+                        'top': nextTop + 'px',
+                        'left': targetLeft + 'px',
+                        'z-index': '1050'
+                    });
+                    nextTop += $hintsParentContainer.outerHeight() + 5;
+                } else {
+                    $hintsParentContainer.css({ 'position': '', 'width': '', 'top': '', 'left': '', 'z-index': '' });
+                }
+
+                // Position match count indicator if visible.
+                if ($matchCount.is(':visible')) {
+                    $matchCount.css({
+                        'position': 'fixed',
+                        'width': targetWidth,
+                        'top': nextTop + 'px',
+                        'left': targetLeft + 'px',
+                        'z-index': '1050'
+                    });
+                    nextTop += $matchCount.outerHeight() + 15;
+                } else {
+                    $matchCount.css({ 'position': '', 'width': '', 'top': '', 'left': '', 'z-index': '' });
+                }
+
+                // Position and size the results container.
+                const maxHeight = ($(window).height() * 0.90) - nextTop;
+                $resultsContainer.css({
+                    'position': 'fixed',
+                    'width': targetWidth,
+                    'top': nextTop + 'px',
+                    'left': targetLeft + 'px',
+                    'max-height': maxHeight + 'px',
+                    'overflow-y': 'auto',
+                    'z-index': '1050'
+                });
+            } else {
+                // Reset all elements to their default static positioning.
+                $stickyPlaceholder.hide();
+                $inputContainer.css({ 'position': '', 'width': '', 'top': '', 'left': '', 'z-index': '' });
+                $hintsParentContainer.css({ 'position': '', 'width': '', 'top': '', 'left': '', 'z-index': '' });
+                $matchCount.css({ 'position': '', 'width': '', 'top': '', 'left': '', 'z-index': '' });
+                $resultsContainer.css({ 'position': '', 'width': '', 'top': '', 'left': '', 'max-height': '', 'overflow-y': '', 'z-index': '' });
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Update position on resize to handle orientation changes or window resizing.
+        $(window).on('resize', () => {
+            if ($input.val().length > 0) window.requestAnimationFrame(() => updateSearchPosition(true));
+        });
+        // Ensure position is correct once all page resources (images, fonts) are loaded.
+        $(window).on('load', updateSearchPosition);
 
         // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
         // SECTION: Utilities
@@ -199,82 +323,16 @@
             return loadPromise;
         };
 
-        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-        // SECTION: Fuzzy Search & Auto-Correction
-        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-        // A vocabulary of all known words from search data and page content.
-        // Used for efficient auto-correction.
-        let vocabulary = new Set();
-
-        /**
-         * Calculates the Levenshtein distance between two strings.
-         * This is a measure of the difference between two sequences.
-         * @param {string} a - The first string.
-         * @param {string} b - The second string.
-         * @returns {number} The Levenshtein distance.
-         */
-        const levenshtein = (a, b) => {
-            // Standard, optimized Levenshtein implementation.
-            const alen = a.length;
-            const blen = b.length;
-            if (alen === 0) return blen;
-            if (blen === 0) return alen;
-
-            if (alen > blen) return levenshtein(b, a); // Ensure a is the shorter string.
-
-            const row = new Array(alen + 1);
-            for (let i = 0; i <= alen; i++) {
-                row[i] = i;
-            }
-
-            for (let i = 1; i <= blen; i++) {
-                let prev = i;
-                for (let j = 1; j <= alen; j++) {
-                    const val = (b.charAt(i - 1) === a.charAt(j - 1)) ? row[j - 1] : Math.min(row[j - 1], prev, row[j]) + 1;
-                    row[j - 1] = prev;
-                    prev = val;
-                }
-                row[alen] = prev;
-            }
-            return row[alen];
-        };
-
-        /**
-         * Finds the closest matching word from the vocabulary for a given misspelled word.
-         * @param {string} word - The word to correct.
-         * @returns {string|null} The corrected word, or null if no good match is found.
-         */
-        const findCorrection = (word) => {
-            if (vocabulary.has(word)) return null;
-
-            // Heuristic: Allow more typos for longer words.
-            const maxDist = (word.length <= 4) ? 1 : 2;
-
-            let bestWord = null;
-            let minDistance = maxDist + 1;
-            for (const vocabWord of vocabulary) {
-                // Optimization: skip words with a large length difference.
-                if (Math.abs(vocabWord.length - word.length) > maxDist) continue;
-                const dist = levenshtein(word, vocabWord);
-                if (dist < minDistance) {
-                    minDistance = dist;
-                    bestWord = vocabWord;
-                }
-            }
-            return bestWord;
-        };
-
         // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
         // SECTION: Data Processing & Scoring
         // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
         /**
          * Processes the raw search data array into a structured, optimized format.
-         * This includes de-duplication, building the vocabulary, and pre-calculating values.
+         * This includes de-duplication and pre-calculating values.
          * @param {Array<Object>} data - The raw array of search items from JSON.
          * @returns {Array<Object>} The processed array of search items.
          */
         const processItems = (data) => {
-            vocabulary.clear();
             const seen = new Map(); // Used to de-duplicate items by their href.
             const processed = [];
 
@@ -292,22 +350,11 @@
                     return;
                 }
 
-                // Add all words from the title and content to the vocabulary.
-                const tokens = lowerTitle.split(/[^a-z0-9]+/);
-                tokens.forEach(t => { if (t.length > 2) vocabulary.add(t); });
-
-                if (lowerContent) {
-                    const contentTokens = lowerContent.split(/[^a-z0-9]+/);
-                    contentTokens.forEach(t => { if (t.length > 2) vocabulary.add(t); });
-                }
-
                 // Handle apostrophes by creating a version of the title without them for matching.
                 let matchTitle = lowerTitle;
                 if (lowerTitle.indexOf("'") > -1) {
                     const lowerNoApos = lowerTitle.replace(/'/g, '');
                     matchTitle += ' ' + lowerNoApos;
-                    const tokensNoApos = lowerNoApos.split(/[^a-z0-9]+/);
-                    tokensNoApos.forEach(t => { if (t.length > 2) vocabulary.add(t); });
                 }
 
                 // Create the final processed item object.
@@ -323,14 +370,6 @@
                 processed.push(item);
             });
 
-            // Dynamic Vocabulary Enhancement: Add words from the current page's visible text.
-            // This helps auto-correction recognize context-specific terms not in the search index.
-            try {
-                const pageText = ($('body').text() || '').slice(0, 100000).toLowerCase();
-                const pageTokens = pageText.split(/[^a-z0-9]+/);
-                pageTokens.forEach(t => { if (t.length > 2) vocabulary.add(t); });
-            } catch (e) { /* Ignore errors, this is a non-critical enhancement */ }
-
             return processed;
         };
 
@@ -379,10 +418,7 @@
 
             // Creates a regex pattern that can handle optional apostrophes between letters.
             const getPattern = (t) => {
-                if (/^[a-zA-Z0-9]+$/.test(t)) {
-                    return t.split('').map(c => escapeRegExp(c) + "[']?").join('');
-                }
-                return escapeRegExp(t);
+                return t.split('').map(c => escapeRegExp(c) + "[']?").join('');
             };
 
             try {
@@ -476,22 +512,34 @@
 
                 // Performance: Build a single HTML string instead of creating DOM nodes in a loop.
                 const html = displayed.map(r => {
-                    return `<a class="codecard card" href="${r.href}" style="display:block; margin-bottom:6px;">${buildHighlighted(r, qtrim, tokens, r.type)}</a>`;
+                    return `<a class="codecard card" href="${r.href}" data-category="${r.category}" style="display:block; margin-bottom:6px;">${buildHighlighted(r, qtrim, tokens, r.type)}</a>`;
                 }).join('');
 
                 // Batch the DOM update using requestAnimationFrame for smoother rendering.
                 window.requestAnimationFrame(() => {
-                    $container.html(html).show();
-
-                    // Event delegation: attach a single click handler to the container.
-                    // This is more efficient than attaching one to each result link.
-                    $container.find('a').on('click', window.clear_input);
-
-                    // Update the match count display.
-                    if ($matchCount.length) {
-                        $matchCount.text('Showing ' + Math.min(25, totalMatches) + ' of ' + totalMatches + (totalMatches === 1 ? ' result' : ' results'));
-                        $matchCount.show();
+                    if (totalMatches > 0) {
+                        $container.css({'position': 'fixed', 'z-index': '1050'});
+                        $container.html(html).show();
+
+                        // Event delegation: attach a single click handler to the container.
+                        // This is more efficient than attaching one to each result link.
+                        $container.find('a').on('click', window.clear_input);
+
+                        // Update the match count display.
+                        if ($matchCount.length) {
+                            $matchCount.text(Math.min(25, totalMatches) + ' of ' + totalMatches + (totalMatches === 1 ? ' result' : ' results'));
+                            $matchCount[0].style.color = '';
+                            $matchCount.show();
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        $container.empty().hide();
+                        if ($matchCount.length) {
+                            $matchCount.text('No results found');
+                            $matchCount[0].style.setProperty('color', '#e63636', 'important');
+                            $matchCount.show();
+                        }
                     }
+                    updateSearchPosition();
                 });
             });
         };
@@ -500,32 +548,19 @@
         // SECTION: Event Listeners
         // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
         let tid = null; // Timer ID for debouncing.
-        $input.on('input', function(e) {
-            clearTimeout(tid);
 
-            // Auto-correction logic: triggers when the user types a space.
-            const cursor = this.selectionStart;
-            if (items !== null && cursor > 0 && this.value[cursor - 1] === ' ') {
-                const val = this.value;
-                const textBefore = val.slice(0, cursor - 1);
-                const match = textBefore.match(/([a-zA-Z0-9]+)$/); // Find the last word.
-                if (match) {
-                    const word = match[1];
-                    const lowerWord = word.toLowerCase();
-                    // Check if the word is short and not in our vocabulary.
-                    if (word.length > 2 && !vocabulary.has(lowerWord)) {
-                        const correction = findCorrection(lowerWord);
-                        if (correction) {
-                            // Replace the misspelled word and restore cursor position.
-                            const before = val.slice(0, match.index);
-                            const after = val.slice(cursor);
-                            this.value = before + correction + ' ' + after;
-                            const newCursor = before.length + correction.length + 1;
-                            this.setSelectionRange(newCursor, newCursor);
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
+        $(document).on('keydown', (event) => {
+            if (event.key === 'Tab' && !event.shiftKey && document.activeElement === document.body) {
+                event.preventDefault();
+                $input.focus();
+            }
+            if (event.key === 'Escape' && $input.val().length > 0) {
+                window.clear_input();
             }
+        });
+
+        $input.on('input', function(e) {
+            clearTimeout(tid);
 
             const v = $(this).val() || '';
             // Update UI icons immediately for a responsive feel.
@@ -548,9 +583,8 @@
         // SECTION: Search Suggestions & Voice Input
         // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
         const $micIcon = $('#mic_icon');
-        const $suggestionsContainer = $('#search-suggestions');
-        const $suggestionsParentContainer = $('#suggestions-container');
-        const $light = $('#suggestion-light');
+        const $hintsContainer = $('#search-hints');
+        const $hintIcon = $('#hint-icon');
 
         // Voice Search Logic
         if ($micIcon.length) {
@@ -580,7 +614,7 @@
 
                 recognition.onstart = () => {
                     isListening = true;
-                    $micIconI.removeClass('bi-mic').addClass('bi-mic-fill text-danger');
+                    $micIconI.removeClass('bi-mic').addClass('bi-mic-fill text-success');
                 };
 
                 recognition.onresult = (event) => {
@@ -595,7 +629,7 @@
 
                 recognition.onend = () => {
                     isListening = false;
-                    $micIconI.removeClass('bi-mic-fill text-danger').addClass('bi-mic');
+                    $micIconI.removeClass('bi-mic-fill text-success').addClass('bi-mic');
                 };
             } else {
                 $micIcon.hide();
@@ -603,7 +637,7 @@
         }
 
         // Suggestions UI Effects
-        if ($light.length) {
+        if ($hintIcon.length) {
             const blinkTotal = 3;
             const intervalTime = 2000;
             let blinkCount = 0;
@@ -612,74 +646,143 @@
                     clearInterval(intervalId);
                     return;
                 }
-                $light.removeClass('bi-lightbulb').addClass('bi-lightbulb-fill light-on');
+                $hintIcon.removeClass('bi-lightbulb').addClass('bi-lightbulb-fill light-on');
                 setTimeout(() => {
-                    $light.removeClass('bi-lightbulb-fill light-on').addClass('bi-lightbulb');
+                    $hintIcon.removeClass('bi-lightbulb-fill light-on').addClass('bi-lightbulb');
                 }, intervalTime / 2);
                 blinkCount++;
             }, intervalTime);
         }
 
         // Suggestions Logic
-        const learnSuggestions = [
-            'C', 'C++', 'Java', 'Python', 'R', 'Julia', 'Octave', 'C#', 'F#',
-            'Rust', 'LISP', 'Linux', 'MySQL', 'MongoDB', 'Selenium', 'Algorithm', 'Assembly', 'VBScript',
-            'Ranorex', 'OpenGL', 'AWT', 'Function', 'Method', 'Class', 'Inheritance',
-            'Polymorphism', 'Abstraction', 'Array', 'Bash', 'CLI', 'Exception', 'Database',
-            'Stack', 'Queue', 'Tree', 'Graph', 'Sorting', 'Searching', 'Recursion', 'XPath', 'WebDriver', 'TestNG',
-            'String', 'DataFrame', 'NumPy', 'Pandas', 'Matplotlib', 'List', 'Set', 'Tuple', 'Dictionary',
-            'Expression', 'Log', 'Thread', 'Matrix', 'Math', 'CRUD'
+        const learnHints = [
+        '32 Bit', '64 Bit', 'ALP', 'API', 'ASCII',
+        'Abstraction', 'Abstract', 'Algorithm', 'Area', 'Array',
+        'Assembly', 'AWT', 'Bash', 'Binary', 'BMI',
+        'C', 'C#', 'C++', 'CLI', 'Class',
+        'Compile', 'Constructor', 'Control', 'CRUD', 'Currency',
+        'DataFrame', 'Database', 'Delete', 'Destructor', 'Dictionary',
+        'Dynamic', 'Energy', 'Exception', 'Execute', 'Expression',
+        'File', 'Framework', 'F#', 'Function', 'Game',
+        'Graph', 'HashMap', 'Heap', 'Inheritance', 'Insert',
+        'Input', 'Interface', 'Java', 'Join', 'Julia',
+        'LISP', 'Library', 'LinkedList', 'Linux', 'List',
+        'Log', 'Loop', 'Math', 'Matrix', 'Memory',
+        'Method', 'Module', 'MongoDB', 'MySQL', 'Namespace',
+        'NumPy', 'Octave', 'OpenGL', 'Output', 'Pandas',
+        'Path', 'Pointer', 'Polymorphism', 'Python', 'Queue',
+        'Ranorex', 'R', 'Recursion', 'Reflection', 'Retrieve',
+        'Rust', 'Search', 'Searching', 'Select', 'Selenium',
+        'Set', 'Socket', 'Sort', 'Sorting', 'Stack',
+        'Static', 'Stream', 'String', 'TestNG', 'Thread',
+        'Tree', 'Tuple', 'Update', 'VBScript', 'WebDriver',
+        'XPath'
         ];
-        const toolsSuggestions = [
-            'Calculator', 'Converter', 'Data', 'Length', 'Time', 'Currency', 'Physics', 'Hash', 'Area', 'Volume',
-            'Speed', 'Temperature', 'Pressure', 'Power', 'Energy', 'Age', 'BMI'
+
+        const toolsHints = [
+        'Age', 'Area', 'BMI', 'Calculator', 'Converter',
+        'Currency', 'Data', 'Energy', 'Hash', 'Length',
+        'Number', 'Physics', 'Power', 'Pressure', 'Speed',
+        'String', 'Temperature', 'Time', 'Volume'
         ];
 
-        const deactivateSuggestions = () => {
-            $suggestionsContainer.children().removeClass('active');
+        const deactivateHints = () => {
+            $hintsContainer.children().removeClass('active');
+            $hintsContainer.find('.active').removeClass('active');
+            if ($hintsContainer.length && document.activeElement && $hintsContainer[0].contains(document.activeElement)) {
+                const elToBlur = document.activeElement;
+                setTimeout(() => elToBlur.blur(), 0);
+            }
         };
 
-        const displaySuggestions = (suggestions) => {
-            if (!$suggestionsContainer.length || !$suggestionsParentContainer.length || suggestions.length === 0) return;
-            for (let i = suggestions.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
+        const displayHints = (hints, spin = false) => {
+            if (!$hintsContainer.length || !$hintsParentContainer.length) return;
+
+            if (hints.length === 0) {
+                $hintsParentContainer.hide();
+                return;
+            }
+
+            const $activeBtn = $hintsContainer.find('a.btn.active');
+            const activeText = $activeBtn.length ? $activeBtn.text() : null;
+            let pool = hints.slice();
+
+            if (activeText) {
+                pool = pool.filter(h => h !== activeText);
+            }
+
+            for (let i = pool.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
                 const j = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1));
-                [suggestions[i], suggestions[j]] = [suggestions[j], suggestions[i]];
+                [pool[i], pool[j]] = [pool[j], pool[i]];
+            }
+
+            let selected = pool.slice(0, 3);
+            if (activeText) {
+                const activeIndex = Math.max(0, $hintsContainer.children('a.btn').not('#refresh-hints').index($activeBtn));
+                selected = pool.slice(0, 2);
+                selected.splice(activeIndex, 0, activeText);
             }
-            const suggestionsHtml = suggestions.slice(0, 3).map(suggestion => {
-                const sanitizedSuggestion = $('<div>').text(suggestion).html();
-                return `<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary rounded-pill" style="margin: 2px; font-size: 12px;">${sanitizedSuggestion}</a>`;
+
+            const hintsHtml = selected.map(hint => {
+                const sanitizedHint = $('<div>').text(hint).html();
+                const activeClass = (hint === activeText) ? ' active' : '';
+                return `<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary rounded-pill${activeClass}" style="margin: 2px; font-size: 12px;">${sanitizedHint}</a>`;
             }).join(' ');
-            $suggestionsContainer.html(suggestionsHtml);
-            $suggestionsParentContainer.show();
+
+            const spinClass = spin ? 'spin-animation' : '';
+            const refreshBtn = `<a href="javascript:void(0);" id="refresh-hints" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary rounded-pill" style="margin: 2px; font-size: 12px;" title="Refresh hints"><i class="bi bi-arrow-clockwise ${spinClass}"></i></a>`;
+
+            $hintsContainer.html(hintsHtml + refreshBtn);
+
+            if (spin) {
+                $hintsContainer.find('#refresh-hints i').one('animationend', function() {
+                    $(this).removeClass('spin-animation');
+                });
+            }
+
+            $hintsParentContainer.show();
         };
 
-        $suggestionsContainer.on('click', 'a.btn', function(event) {
+        $hintsContainer.on('click', 'a.btn', function(event) {
+            if (this.id === 'refresh-hints') return;
             event.preventDefault();
             const text = $(this).text();
             $input.val(text);
+            // Explicitly trigger the display logic to ensure the overlay opens reliably
+            if (typeof window.display_results === 'function') window.display_results();
             $input.trigger('input');
-            $input.trigger('blur');
-            deactivateSuggestions();
+            deactivateHints();
+            $input.blur();
             $(this).addClass('active');
         });
 
+        $hintsContainer.on('click', '#refresh-hints', function(event) {
+            event.preventDefault();
+            displayHints(currentAllHints, true);
+        });
+
         $closeIcon.on('click', function() {
             if (typeof window.clear_input === 'function') window.clear_input();
-            deactivateSuggestions();
+            deactivateHints();
         });
 
         $input.on('input', function() {
-            if (!$(this).val()) deactivateSuggestions();
+            if (!$backdrop.is(':visible')) deactivateHints();
         });
 
-        const loadSuggestions = () => {
+        let currentAllHints = [];
+
+        const loadHints = () => {
             const currentCategory = window.gd_path1;
             if (currentCategory === 'search') {
-                displaySuggestions(learnSuggestions.concat(toolsSuggestions));
+                currentAllHints = learnHints.concat(toolsHints);
+                displayHints(currentAllHints);
             } else if (currentCategory === 'learn') {
-                displaySuggestions(learnSuggestions);
+                currentAllHints = learnHints;
+                displayHints(currentAllHints);
             } else if (currentCategory === 'tools') {
-                displaySuggestions(toolsSuggestions);
+                currentAllHints = toolsHints;
+                displayHints(currentAllHints);
             } else {
                 $.getJSON(window.gd_search_url || '/search.json')
                     .then(data => {
@@ -700,56 +803,124 @@
                             const cat = item.category?.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + item.category?.slice(1);
                             if (cat && cat.length > 2 && cat.length <= 15) keywords.add(cat);
                         });
-                        displaySuggestions(Array.from(keywords));
+                        currentAllHints = Array.from(keywords);
+                        displayHints(currentAllHints);
                     })
-                    .catch(error => console.error('Error fetching or processing search.json for suggestions:', error));
+                    .catch(error => {
+                        console.error('Error fetching or processing search.json for suggestions:', error);
+                        $hintsParentContainer.hide();
+                    });
             }
         };
 
-        loadSuggestions();
+        loadHints();
 
         $(window).on('pageshow', (event) => {
+            // If the page is loaded from the bfcache (back/forward cache), reload hints and reset input.
             if (event.originalEvent.persisted) {
-                loadSuggestions();
+                loadHints();
+                if (typeof window.clear_input === 'function') window.clear_input();
             }
         });
 
-        // On page load, ensure the input is cleared
-        if (typeof window.clear_input === 'function') window.clear_input();
-
         // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-        // SECTION: Global Helper Functions
+        // SECTION: Global Helper Functions & History Management
         // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-        // These functions are exposed on the `window` object to be callable from
-        // other scripts or inline HTML event attributes (like the close icon's onclick).
+        // These functions are exposed globally to allow interaction from inline HTML
+        // or other scripts. They also manage the browser history state to support
+        // "Back button to close" functionality.
+
+        // Flag to track if a history state has been pushed for the open search overlay.
+        let searchHistoryStatePushed = false;
+
+        // Listen for the browser's "Back" action.
+        $(window).on('popstate', () => {
+            deactivateHints();
+            setTimeout(deactivateHints, 50);
+            if (searchHistoryStatePushed) {
+                searchHistoryStatePushed = false;
+                // Close the search overlay without triggering another history.back()
+                window.clear_input('popstate');
+            }
+        });
 
         /**
-         * Clears the search input field and hides the results.
+         * Clears the search input field, hides results, and resets the UI.
+         * @param {string} [mode] - Context flag (e.g., 'popstate') to control history manipulation.
          */
-        window.clear_input = () => {
+        window.clear_input = (mode) => {
             $input.val("");
-            window.display_results(); // Trigger UI update.
+            $input.blur();
+            deactivateHints();
+            window.display_results(mode); // Trigger UI update.
         };
 
         /**
-         * Updates the visibility of UI controls (close/search icons, results container)
-         * based on whether the input field has text.
+         * Controls the visibility of the search overlay and results.
+         *
+         * Logic:
+         * - If input is empty: Hides overlay, restores body scroll, and reverts history state if needed.
+         * - If input has text: Shows overlay, locks body scroll, and pushes a new history state.
+         *
+         * @param {string} [mode] - Context flag to determine specific history handling behavior.
          */
-        window.display_results = () => {
+        window.display_results = (mode) => {
             const val = $input.val();
+            const shouldShow = val.length > 0;
+            const isSearchActive = $inputContainer.hasClass('search-elevated');
+
+            if (window.AndroidInterface && window.AndroidInterface.onSearchStateChanged) {
+                window.AndroidInterface.onSearchStateChanged(shouldShow);
+            }
+
+            if (shouldShow === isSearchActive && mode !== 'popstate') return;
 
-            if (val.length === 0) {
+            if (!shouldShow) {
                 $closeIcon.hide();
-                $searchIcon.css('display', '');
                 $resultsContainer.hide();
                 $matchCount.hide();
+                $backdrop.stop(true).fadeOut(200);
+                $inputContainer.removeClass('search-elevated');
+                $resultsContainer.removeClass('search-results-elevated');
+                $matchCount.removeClass('search-elevated');
+                $hintsParentContainer.removeClass('search-elevated');
+                deactivateHints();
+                $('body').css('overflow', '');
+                updateSearchPosition();
+
+                if (searchHistoryStatePushed) {
+                    searchHistoryStatePushed = false;
+                    if (mode === 'popstate') {
+                        // History navigation already happened (user pressed Back), just update UI.
+                    } else if (mode) {
+                        // Link click or other skip: replace state to remove the search flag without navigating.
+                        history.replaceState(null, '', window.location.href);
+                    } else {
+                        // Manual close (e.g., close icon): trigger a history back action.
+                        history.back();
+                    }
+                }
             } else {
-                $resultsContainer.show();
-                $closeIcon.css({'display': '', 'cursor': 'pointer'});
-                $searchIcon.hide();
+                // Push a new history state so the Back button closes the search instead of leaving the page.
+                if (!searchHistoryStatePushed) {
+                    history.pushState({ searchOpen: true }, '', window.location.href);
+                    searchHistoryStatePushed = true;
+                }
+
+                $closeIcon.css({'display': 'flex', 'align-items': 'center', 'cursor': 'pointer'});
+                $backdrop.fadeIn(200);
+                $inputContainer.addClass('search-elevated');
+                $resultsContainer.addClass('search-results-elevated');
+                $matchCount.addClass('search-elevated');
+                $hintsParentContainer.addClass('search-elevated');
+                $('body').css('overflow', 'hidden');
+                updateSearchPosition();
             }
         };
 
+        // On page load, ensure the input is cleared (called after definition)
+        if (typeof window.clear_input === 'function') window.clear_input();
+
         // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
         // SECTION: Security Measures
         // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/assets/json/search.json b/assets/json/search.json
index efbfc23..f1ead1a 100644
--- a/assets/json/search.json
+++ b/assets/json/search.json
@@ -2,33 +2,39 @@
 layout: none
 permalink: /search.json
 ---
+
+{%- assign learn_segments = site.data.learn.learn.segments -%}
+{%- assign tools_segments = site.data.tools.tools.segments -%}
 {
   "config": {
-    "learn": [
-      {%- assign learn_data = site.data.learn.learn -%}
-      {%- for segment in learn_data.segments -%}
-        "{{ segment.url }}"{%- unless forloop.last -%},{%- endunless -%}
-      {%- endfor -%}
-    ],
-    "tools": [
-      {%- assign tools_data = site.data.tools.tools -%}
-      {%- for segment in tools_data.segments -%}
-        "{{ segment.url }}"{%- unless forloop.last -%},{%- endunless -%}
-      {%- endfor -%}
-    ]
+    "learn": {{ learn_segments | map: 'url' | jsonify }},
+    "tools": {{ tools_segments | map: 'url' | jsonify }}
   },
   "items": [
     {%- assign first = true -%}
+    {%- assign page_urls = site.html_pages | map: 'url' -%}
+    {%- assign target_segments = learn_segments | concat: tools_segments -%}
+    {%- for segment in target_segments -%}
+        {%- assign seg_url_slash = segment.url | prepend: '/' | append: '/' -%}
+        {%- assign seg_url_html = segment.url | prepend: '/' | append: '.html' -%}
+        {%- assign seg_url_exact = segment.url | prepend: '/' -%}
+        {%- unless page_urls contains seg_url_slash or page_urls contains seg_url_html or page_urls contains seg_url_exact -%}
+            {%- if first == false -%},{%- endif -%}
+            {%- assign first = false -%}
+            { "title": {{ segment.title | jsonify }}, "href": {{ segment.url | relative_url | jsonify }}, "category": {{ segment.parent | strip | jsonify }}, "content": {{ segment.title | jsonify }} }
+        {%- endunless -%}
+    {%- endfor -%}
     {%- for page in site.html_pages -%}
         {%- if page.title -%}
-            {%- unless page.url == "/search.json" or page.url == "/404.html" or page.url contains "/assets/" -%}
+            {%- assign parts = page.url | split: '/' -%}
+            {%- assign root = parts[1] | remove: ".html" -%}
+            {%- unless page.url == "/search.json" or page.url == "/404.html" or page.url contains "/assets/" or root == "settings" or root == "testapp" or root == "shubhamrdarda" -%}
                 {%- if first == false -%},{%- endif -%}
                 {%- assign first = false -%}
-                {%- assign parts = page.url | split: '/' -%}
                 {%- assign cat = parts[1] | default: "other" -%}
                 { "title": {{ page.title | jsonify }}, "href": {{ page.url | jsonify }}, "category": {{ cat | jsonify }}, "content": {{ page.content | strip_html | strip_newlines | jsonify }} }
             {%- endunless -%}
         {%- endif -%}
     {%- endfor -%}
   ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index f6deb8c..e763444 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -2,5 +2,3 @@
 title: GoDarda
 description: Unlock your potential with GoDarda. A modern platform to explore the world of technology, from programming languages and algorithms to developer tools and data science. Search for instant solutions, learn core concepts, and build what's next.
 ---
-
-{%- include search.html -%}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/about/contribute/index.html b/pages/about/contribute/index.html
index c477e86..2097424 100644
--- a/pages/about/contribute/index.html
+++ b/pages/about/contribute/index.html
@@ -3,20 +3,40 @@
 title: Contribution Guide
 ---
 
+<style>
+    div.board[id] {
+        scroll-margin-top: 85px;
+    }
+</style>
+
 <div class="board">
-    <div class="boardtitle">🎉 Welcome</div>
+    <div class="boardtitle">📚 Table of Contents</div>
+    <ul class="mt-3">
+        <li><a href="about/contribute/#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/contribute/#project-philosophy">Project Philosophy</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/contribute/#our-mission">Our Mission</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/contribute/#ways-to-contribute">Ways to Contribute</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/contribute/#project-structure">Project Structure</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/contribute/#code-style-guidelines">Code Style Guidelines</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/contribute/#documentation-guidelines">Documentation Guidelines</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/contribute/#original-work-only">Original Work Only</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/contribute/#getting-started">Getting Started</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/contribute/#pull-request-checklist">Pull Request Checklist</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/contribute/#contributor-recognition">Contributor Recognition</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/contribute/#questions-or-suggestions">Questions or Suggestions</a></li>
+    </ul>
+</div>
+
+<div class="board" id="introduction">
+    <div class="boardtitle">👋 Introduction</div>
     <p>
-        Thank you for your interest in contributing to <strong>GoDarda</strong>!<br><br>
-        We're building a cross-platform, community-driven learning experience around programming languages. Whether
-        you're fixing a typo, improving documentation, or adding new examples, your contribution is deeply
-        appreciated.<br><br>
-        We truly value the time, effort, and creativity you bring to GoDarda-every improvement helps make this a
-        clearer, more inclusive, and empowering space for learners and developers-even for AI systems that might learn
-        from how well it's structured.
+        Welcome to the GoDarda Contribution Guide.<br><br>
+        This document outlines the standards and processes for contributing to the project. Whether you are fixing a bug, improving documentation, or adding new examples, your input is essential to building a high-quality learning resource.<br><br>
+        We value clarity, consistency, and collaboration. This guide covers our project philosophy, code style, and the steps required to submit a successful pull request.
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="project-philosophy">
     <div class="boardtitle">🧭 Project Philosophy</div>
     <p>
         GoDarda is designed to be:<br>
@@ -27,7 +47,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="our-mission">
     <div class="boardtitle">🌟 Our Mission</div>
     <p>
         The mission of GoDarda is to inspire learners by providing a comprehensive and pragmatic approach to
@@ -38,7 +58,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="ways-to-contribute">
     <div class="boardtitle">🛠️ Ways to Contribute</div>
     <p>
         • Improve documentation (README, example descriptions, formatting)<br>
@@ -50,7 +70,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="project-structure">
     <div class="boardtitle">📁 Project Structure</div>
     <p>
         Examples are organized by language and topic under
@@ -62,7 +82,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="code-style-guidelines">
     <div class="boardtitle">🧼 Code Style Guidelines</div>
     <p>
         • Use consistent indentation (spaces over tabs)<br>
@@ -73,7 +93,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="documentation-guidelines">
     <div class="boardtitle">🧾 Documentation Guidelines</div>
     <p>
         • Use clear, concise titles<br>
@@ -83,7 +103,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="original-work-only">
     <div class="boardtitle">✍️ Original Work Only</div>
     <p>
         All contributions to GoDarda must be <strong>original and authored by you</strong>.<br><br>
@@ -96,7 +116,7 @@
     <p><em>GoDarda is a space for learning, sharing, and growing together. Let's keep it authentic.</em></p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="getting-started">
     <div class="boardtitle">🧑‍💻 Getting Started</div>
     <p>
         1. Fork the repository:
@@ -130,7 +150,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="pull-request-checklist">
     <div class="boardtitle">✅ Pull Request Checklist</div>
     <p>
         • My code follows the project style<br>
@@ -142,14 +162,17 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="contributor-recognition">
     <div class="boardtitle">🏷️ Contributor Recognition</div>
     <p>
         At <strong>GoDarda</strong>, we believe every thoughtful contribution deserves to be seen and
         celebrated.<br><br>
         Whether you've refactored code, improved documentation, designed UI elements, or supported others in
         Discussions-your impact matters.<br><br>
-        Top contributors may be featured in our README, badge system, or GitHub discussions.
+        Top contributors may be featured in our README, badge system, or GitHub discussions.<br><br>
+
+        To request a badge, <a href="https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/issues/new?template=badge.yml"
+            target="_blank">submit a badge request here</a>.
     </p>
     <table class="table table-bordered table-striped align-middle">
         <thead>
@@ -189,13 +212,9 @@
             </tr>
         </tbody>
     </table>
-    <p>
-        To request a badge, <a href="https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/issues/new?template=badge.yml"
-            target="_blank">submit a badge request here</a>.
-    </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="questions-or-suggestions">
     <div class="boardtitle">📬 Questions or Suggestions</div>
     <p>
         • <a href="https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/issues" target="_blank">Open an Issue</a><br>
@@ -204,10 +223,10 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="thank-you">
     <div class="boardtitle">🙏 Thank You</div>
     <p>
         Thank you for helping build <strong>GoDarda</strong> into a welcoming, professional, and empowering space for
         learners and contributors across languages and platforms.
     </p>
-</div>
\ No newline at end of file
+</div>
diff --git a/pages/about/faqs/index.html b/pages/about/faqs/index.html
index 3db417a..584e7fe 100644
--- a/pages/about/faqs/index.html
+++ b/pages/about/faqs/index.html
@@ -3,8 +3,26 @@
 title: Frequently Asked Questions
 ---
 
+<style>
+    div.board[id] {
+        scroll-margin-top: 85px;
+    }
+</style>
+
 <div class="board">
-    <div class="boardtitle">💡 What is GoDarda?</div>
+    <div class="boardtitle">📚 Table of Contents</div>
+    <ul class="mt-3">
+        <li><a href="about/faqs/#what-is-godarda">What is GoDarda?</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/faqs/#why-open-source">Why is it an open-source platform?</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/faqs/#who-can-learn">Who can learn on this platform?</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/faqs/#why-contribute">Why should I contribute to GoDarda?</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/faqs/#how-to-contribute">How can I contribute?</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/faqs/#recognition">What recognition will I receive?</a></li>
+    </ul>
+</div>
+
+<div class="board" id="what-is-godarda">
+    <div class="boardtitle"> What is GoDarda?</div>
     <p>GoDarda is a comprehensive developer ecosystem designed to streamline learning and productivity. Combining a
         content-rich website with a companion Android app, it delivers concise programming examples, tutorials, and
         curated learning paths across a wide spectrum of languages.<br><br>
@@ -13,7 +31,7 @@
         fly.</p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="why-open-source">
     <div class="boardtitle">🌐 Why is it an open-source platform?</div>
     <p><a href="shubhamrdarda" class="hlink">{{ site.architect }}</a> is the Architect of GoDarda and he is inspired
         by <a href="{{ site.data.url.gddankd }}" target="_blank" class="hlink">Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam</a>'s vision of
@@ -21,7 +39,7 @@
         think independently and discover their unique capabilities.</p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="who-can-learn">
     <div class="boardtitle">🎓 Who can learn on this platform?</div>
     <p>Anyone with a passion for learning. Whether you're a beginner, student, or professional, GoDarda welcomes all who
         are eager to explore programming concepts, algorithms, and problem-solving techniques. Learners with backgrounds
@@ -29,7 +47,7 @@
         experience is required.</p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="why-contribute">
     <div class="boardtitle">🤝 Why should I contribute to GoDarda?</div>
     <p>Contributing to GoDarda means shaping a resource that could transform someone's learning journey. Your solutions,
         explanations, and approaches may inspire thousands, and you never know when your work might become a turning
@@ -37,7 +55,7 @@
         programming education.</p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="how-to-contribute">
     <div class="boardtitle">🛠️ How can I contribute and what are the requirements?</div>
     <p>All contributions must be original, well-structured, and aligned with GoDarda's mission. We encourage submitting
         grouped examples with clear logic, semantic naming, and concise documentation. We've created a dedicated page
@@ -46,9 +64,9 @@
             Guide</a></p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="recognition">
     <div class="boardtitle">🏅 What recognition will I receive?</div>
     <p>Your name will be listed as an author, and your contribution count will be maintained. Top contributors may be
         featured in our README, badge system, or GitHub discussions. Recognition is designed to be meaningful, not
         distracting.</p>
-</div>
\ No newline at end of file
+</div>
diff --git a/pages/about/index.html b/pages/about/index.html
index e02a192..3c4d1dc 100644
--- a/pages/about/index.html
+++ b/pages/about/index.html
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 permalink: about/
-title: About Us
+title: About
 description: "Learn more about GoDarda, our mission, and the architect behind this platform."
 ---
 
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ <h5 style="padding-bottom: 10px;">Architect's Message</h5>
         <h5 style="padding-bottom: 10px;">GoDarda's Specialities</h5>
         <img src="{{ site.advertise | relative_url }}" class="ratio ratio-16x9" style="padding: 3px;">
     </div>
-</center>
\ No newline at end of file
+</center>
diff --git a/pages/about/privacy/index.html b/pages/about/privacy/index.html
index d44e2e6..fc59d4f 100644
--- a/pages/about/privacy/index.html
+++ b/pages/about/privacy/index.html
@@ -3,10 +3,31 @@
 title: Privacy Policy
 ---
 
+<style>
+    div.board[id] {
+        scroll-margin-top: 85px;
+    }
+</style>
+
 <p><strong>Effective Date: April 01, 2023</strong></p>
 
 <div class="board">
-    <div class="boardtitle">🔐 Your Privacy Matters</div>
+    <div class="boardtitle">📚 Table of Contents</div>
+    <ul class="mt-3">
+        <li><a href="about/privacy/#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/privacy/#website-visitors">Website Visitors</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/privacy/#security">Security</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/privacy/#advertisements">Advertisements</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/privacy/#external-links">External Links</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/privacy/#aggregated-statistics">Aggregated Statistics</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/privacy/#cookies">Cookies</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/privacy/#privacy-policy-changes">Privacy Policy Changes</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/privacy/#contact-information">Contact Information</a></li>
+    </ul>
+</div>
+
+<div class="board" id="introduction">
+    <div class="boardtitle">👋 Introduction</div>
     <p>
         At GoDarda, we respect your privacy and are committed to protecting any personally identifiable information you
         may share with us through our website <a href="https://godarda.in/">godarda.in</a> (hereinafter, "we", "us", or
@@ -15,20 +36,9 @@
         It applies only to information collected via our website and does not extend to data gathered from other
         sources.
     </p>
-    <p><strong>Contents</strong></p>
-    <ol type="1">
-        <li>Website Visitors</li>
-        <li>Security</li>
-        <li>Advertisements</li>
-        <li>Links to External Sites</li>
-        <li>Aggregated Statistics</li>
-        <li>Cookies</li>
-        <li>Privacy Policy Changes</li>
-        <li>Contact Information</li>
-    </ol>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="website-visitors">
     <div class="boardtitle">🌐 Website Visitors</div>
     <p>
         Like most websites, GoDarda collects non-personally-identifying information such as browser type, language
@@ -39,7 +49,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="security">
     <div class="boardtitle">🛡️ Security</div>
     <p>
         We take reasonable precautions to protect your non-personal information. However, no method of transmission over
@@ -48,7 +58,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="advertisements">
     <div class="boardtitle">📢 Advertisements</div>
     <p>
         Ads on GoDarda may be served by external partners who use cookies to deliver targeted content. These cookies may
@@ -58,7 +68,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="external-links">
     <div class="boardtitle">🔗 External Links</div>
     <p>
         Our website may contain links to third-party sites not operated by GoDarda. We strongly recommend reviewing the
@@ -67,7 +77,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="aggregated-statistics">
     <div class="boardtitle">📊 Aggregated Statistics</div>
     <p>
         GoDarda may collect and share aggregated statistics about visitor behavior. These reports do not include
@@ -75,7 +85,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="cookies">
     <div class="boardtitle">🍪 Cookies</div>
     <p>
         To enhance your experience, GoDarda uses cookies and similar technologies to personalize content, store
@@ -86,7 +96,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="privacy-policy-changes">
     <div class="boardtitle">🔄 Privacy Policy Updates</div>
     <p>
         GoDarda may revise this Privacy Policy from time to time. Updates will be posted on this page. Continued use of
@@ -95,10 +105,10 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="contact-information">
     <div class="boardtitle">📬 Contact Information</div>
     <p>
         If you have any questions about this Privacy Policy, feel free to email us at <a
             href="mailto:godarda.in@outlook.com" class="hlink">{{ site.email }}</a>.
     </p>
-</div>
\ No newline at end of file
+</div>
diff --git a/pages/about/shubhamrdarda/index.html b/pages/about/shubhamrdarda/index.html
index 1e81c7e..2bc2e11 100644
--- a/pages/about/shubhamrdarda/index.html
+++ b/pages/about/shubhamrdarda/index.html
@@ -55,9 +55,6 @@ <h3 class="h5 text-primary fw-bold text-uppercase mb-3">Education</h3>
 </div>
 
 <style type="text/css">
-html, body {
-    overflow-x: hidden;
-}
 .profile-page-container .profile-card {
     border-radius: 15px;
     overflow: hidden;
@@ -119,4 +116,4 @@ <h3 class="h5 text-primary fw-bold text-uppercase mb-3">Education</h3>
 .profile-page-container .text-primary {
     color: var(--hlink) !important;
 }
-</style>
\ No newline at end of file
+</style>
diff --git a/pages/about/support/index.html b/pages/about/support/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c772a9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pages/about/support/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+---
+permalink: about/support/
+title: Support Guide
+---
+
+<style>
+    div.board[id] {
+        scroll-margin-top: 85px;
+    }
+</style>
+
+<div class="board">
+    <div class="boardtitle">📚 Table of Contents</div>
+    <ul class="mt-3">
+        <li><a href="about/support/#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/support/#reporting-issues">Reporting Issues</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/support/#requesting-features">Requesting Features</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/support/#asking-questions">Asking Questions</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/support/#improving-documentation">Improving Documentation</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/support/#requesting-recognition">Requesting Recognition</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/support/#sensitive-or-private-topics">Sensitive or Private Topics</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/support/#contributor-values">Contributor Values</a></li>
+    </ul>
+</div>
+<div class="board" id="introduction">
+    <div class="boardtitle">👋 Introduction</div>
+    <p>
+        Welcome to the GoDarda Support Guide.<br><br>
+        Whether you're troubleshooting an issue, requesting a feature, or simply seeking clarity-this space is here to help you feel heard, supported, and empowered.<br><br>
+        Support at GoDarda isn't just reactive-it's collaborative. Every question, suggestion, and fix helps us build a better experience for everyone.<br><br>
+        This guide explains how to get help, report issues, and contribute improvements to GoDarda. It covers how to raise bugs, request features, ask questions, suggest documentation changes, and navigate sensitive topics with care.<br><br>
+        Whether you're a first-time contributor or a long-time collaborator, this guide ensures your voice is part of the conversation-and your input leads to meaningful change.
+    </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="board" id="reporting-issues">
+    <div class="boardtitle">🐞 Reporting Issues</div>
+    <p>
+        If you've encountered a bug or unexpected behavior:<br><br>
+        • Use our <a href="https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/issues/new?template=bug.yml" target="_blank">Bug Report Form</a> for structured reporting.<br>
+        • Include clear reproduction steps, screenshots, and environment details.<br>
+        • For security-related issues, please refer to our <a href="https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/blob/main/SECURITY.md" target="_blank">Security Policy</a>.
+    </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="board" id="requesting-features">
+    <div class="boardtitle">🚀 Requesting Features</div>
+    <p>
+        Have an idea that could improve GoDarda?<br><br>
+        • Submit a <a href="https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/issues/new?template=feature.yml" target="_blank">Feature Request</a>.<br>
+        • Describe the problem it solves and its potential impact on other users.<br>
+        • We welcome thoughtful suggestions that align with our mission of scalable, inclusive design.
+    </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="board" id="asking-questions">
+    <div class="boardtitle">❓ Asking Questions</div>
+    <p>
+        Need help understanding something?<br><br>
+        • Use the <a href="https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/issues/new?template=question.yml" target="_blank">Question Form</a>.<br>
+        • Or start a conversation in <a href="https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/discussions" target="_blank">GitHub Discussions</a> - ideal for open-ended questions and community input.
+    </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="board" id="improving-documentation">
+    <div class="boardtitle">📝 Improving Documentation</div>
+    <p>
+        Found something unclear in our guides or onboarding?<br><br>
+        • Submit a <a href="https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/issues/new?template=documentation.yml" target="_blank">Documentation Improvement</a>.<br>
+        • We value every suggestion that helps contributors feel confident and informed.
+    </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="board" id="requesting-recognition">
+    <div class="boardtitle">🏅 Requesting Recognition</div>
+    <p>
+        Made a meaningful contribution and want to be recognized?<br><br>
+        • Use our <a href="https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/issues/new?template=badge-request.yml" target="_blank">Badge Request Form</a>.<br>
+        • Recognition helps us celebrate the spirit of open-source collaboration.
+    </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="board" id="sensitive-or-private-topics">
+    <div class="boardtitle">🔒 Sensitive or Private Topics</div>
+    <p>
+        For private questions, sensitive reports, or anything you'd prefer not to post publicly:<br><br>
+        • Reach out via <a href="https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/discussions" target="_blank">Discussions</a> or contact a maintainer directly.
+    </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="board" id="contributor-values">
+    <div class="boardtitle">❤️ Contributor Values</div>
+    <p>
+        We believe in:<br>
+        • Clear communication<br>
+        • Respectful collaboration<br>
+        • Recognition for meaningful effort<br>
+        • Scalable solutions that empower others<br><br>
+        Please review our <a href="https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md" target="_blank">Code of Conduct</a> before engaging.
+    </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="board" id="thank-you">
+    <div class="boardtitle">🙏 Thank You!</div>
+    <p>
+        Thank you for being part of GoDarda.<br>
+        Your questions spark clarity, your suggestions shape direction, and your contributions build the foundation of a more inclusive, inspiring open-source space.<br><br>
+        Together, we're not just writing code-we're designing a culture of trust, creativity, and shared growth.
+    </p>
+</div>
diff --git a/pages/about/terms/index.html b/pages/about/terms/index.html
index dc3a2e0..cdaac6e 100644
--- a/pages/about/terms/index.html
+++ b/pages/about/terms/index.html
@@ -3,10 +3,30 @@
 title: Terms of Use
 ---
 
+<style>
+    div.board[id] {
+        scroll-margin-top: 85px;
+    }
+</style>
+
 <p><strong>Last updated: August 31, 2025</strong></p>
 
 <div class="board">
-    <div class="boardtitle">📘 Acknowledgment</div>
+    <div class="boardtitle"> Table of Contents</div>
+    <ul class="mt-3">
+        <li><a href="about/terms/#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/terms/#visitor-data">Visitor Data & Usage</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/terms/#cookies-tracking">Cookies & Tracking</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/terms/#external-links">External Links</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/terms/#link-removal">Link Removal & Content Accuracy</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/terms/#advertising">Advertising Content</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/terms/#changes">Changes to Terms</a></li>
+        <li><a href="about/terms/#contact">Contact Information</a></li>
+    </ul>
+</div>
+
+<div class="board" id="introduction">
+    <div class="boardtitle">👋 Introduction</div>
     <p>Welcome to GoDarda.<br><br>
         Please read these Terms of Use carefully before using our website at <a
             href="{{ site.url }}">https://godarda.in</a>. By accessing or using the site, you agree to be bound by these
@@ -17,7 +37,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="visitor-data">
     <div class="boardtitle">📊 Visitor Data & Usage</div>
     <p>GoDarda collects non-personally-identifying information such as browser type, language preference, referring
         site, and timestamp of each request. This helps us understand usage trends and improve the site
@@ -27,7 +47,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="cookies-tracking">
     <div class="boardtitle">🍪 Cookies & Tracking</div>
     <p>To enhance your experience, GoDarda uses cookies and similar technologies to personalize content, deliver
         relevant ads, and store preferences.<br><br>
@@ -39,7 +59,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="external-links">
     <div class="boardtitle">🔗 External Links</div>
     <p>Our website may contain links to third-party sites or services not owned or operated by GoDarda.<br><br>
         We are not responsible for the content, privacy practices, or policies of these external sites. You acknowledge
@@ -48,7 +68,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="link-removal">
     <div class="boardtitle">🧹 Link Removal & Content Accuracy</div>
     <p>If you find any link on our website that you believe is inappropriate or inaccurate, you may contact us at any
         time. We will review requests but are not obligated to remove content or respond directly.<br><br>
@@ -57,7 +77,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="advertising">
     <div class="boardtitle">📢 Advertising Content</div>
     <p>Advertisements may be served by external partners who use cookies to deliver targeted content. These cookies may
         track usage across devices and sessions.<br><br>
@@ -66,7 +86,7 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="changes">
     <div class="boardtitle">🔄 Changes to Terms</div>
     <p>GoDarda may update these Terms of Use periodically at its sole discretion. Changes will be posted on this
         page.<br><br>
@@ -75,8 +95,8 @@
     </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="board">
+<div class="board" id="contact">
     <div class="boardtitle">📬 Contact Information</div>
     <p>If you have any questions about these Terms of Use, feel free to email us at <a
             href="mailto:godarda.in@outlook.com" class="hlink">{{ site.email }}</a></p>
-</div>
\ No newline at end of file
+</div>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/index.html b/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/index.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 38ca1eb..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/index.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: asm/32-bit/
-title: 32-bit Assembly Programming
----
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/index.html b/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/index.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 66f1b1b..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/index.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: asm/64-bit/
-title: 64-bit Assembly Programming
----
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/c/strings/gdnsdqd.html b/pages/learn/c/strings/gdnsdqd.html
index 31d7743..f8f3a7e 100644
--- a/pages/learn/c/strings/gdnsdqd.html
+++ b/pages/learn/c/strings/gdnsdqd.html
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Enter the string GoDarda
 
-The reverse string is wodniwgnidoK
+The reverse string is adraDoG
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/c/strings/gdozdow.html b/pages/learn/c/strings/gdozdow.html
index 81b8494..ca545ba 100644
--- a/pages/learn/c/strings/gdozdow.html
+++ b/pages/learn/c/strings/gdozdow.html
@@ -30,11 +30,11 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Program to concatenate the two strings
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter the 1st string KODING
+Enter the 1st string Go
 
-Enter the 2nd string WINDOW
+Enter the 2nd string Darda
 
-The concatenated string is KODINGWINDOW
+The concatenated string is GoDarda
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/c/strings/gdpnkez.html b/pages/learn/c/strings/gdpnkez.html
index 4c52678..6127762 100644
--- a/pages/learn/c/strings/gdpnkez.html
+++ b/pages/learn/c/strings/gdpnkez.html
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Program to print length of a given string
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter the string KODINGWINDOW
+Enter the string GoDarda
 
-Length of string is 12
+Length of string is 7
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdaeavq.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdaeavq.html
similarity index 95%
rename from pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdaeavq.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdaeavq.html
index d4de522..97cd5ba 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdaeavq.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdaeavq.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/32-bit/gdaeavq
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdaeavq
 title: ALP to print the stars using macro (32-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -50,5 +50,5 @@
 ———————————————————————————
 **********
 ———————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdatnak.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdatnak.html
similarity index 90%
rename from pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdatnak.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdatnak.html
index 17702eb..a9374cf 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdatnak.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdatnak.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/64-bit/gdatnak
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdatnak
 title: ALP to print Hello World without using macro (64-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runasm }}
 Hello, World!
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdbhdky.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdbhdky.html
similarity index 88%
rename from pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdbhdky.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdbhdky.html
index 92f2dba..bcad344 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdbhdky.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdbhdky.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/32-bit/gdbhdky
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdbhdky
 title: ALP to print Hello World using times directive (32-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -30,5 +30,6 @@
 Hello, World!
 Hello, World!
 Hello, World!
-Hellkodingwindow@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+Hello, World!
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdbqeza.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdbqeza.html
similarity index 95%
rename from pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdbqeza.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdbqeza.html
index 44e0439..70ad18f 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdbqeza.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdbqeza.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/32-bit/gdbqeza
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdbqeza
 title: ALP to print the stars using times directive (32-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -45,5 +45,5 @@
 ———————————————————————————
 **********
 ———————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdcgame.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdcgame.html
similarity index 93%
rename from pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdcgame.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdcgame.html
index e4d82c8..3962cc1 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdcgame.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdcgame.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/64-bit/gdcgame
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdcgame
 title: ALP to print the length of a given string (64-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 ALP to print the length of given string
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter the string KODINGWINDOW
+Enter the string GoDarda
 
-Length of string 00000012
+Length of string 00000007
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span></pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span></pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gddmaee.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gddmaee.html
similarity index 79%
rename from pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gddmaee.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gddmaee.html
index 20df0c1..710996a 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gddmaee.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gddmaee.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/32-bit/gddmaee
+permalink: cluster/asm/gddmaee
 title: ALP to print the values of registers in protected mode (32-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
     idt resd 1
     resw 1
     tr resw 1
-    msw resw 1   
+    msw resw 1
     dnum_buff resb 04
     cr0_data resd 1
 
@@ -55,27 +55,27 @@
     mov edx,%2
     int 80h
 %endmacro
- 
+
 section .text
 global _start
-_start: 
+_start:
     display title,title_len
-    smsw eax                       
+    smsw eax
     mov [cr0_data],eax
-    ror eax,1                        
+    ror eax,1
     jc prmode
     display rmodemsg,rmsg_len
     jmp nxt1
-    
-prmode:    
+
+prmode:
     display pmodemsg,pmsg_len
 
-nxt1:    
+nxt1:
     sgdt [gdt]
     sldt [ldt]
     sidt [idt]
     str  [tr]
-    smsw [msw] 
+    smsw [msw]
     display gdtmsg,gmsg_len
 
     mov bx,[gdt+4]
@@ -88,12 +88,12 @@
 
     mov bx,[gdt]
     call display_num
-     
+
     display ldtmsg,lmsg_len
     mov bx,[ldt]
     call display_num
     display idtmsg,imsg_len
-        
+
     mov bx,[idt+4]
     call display_num
     display colmsg,1
@@ -101,10 +101,10 @@
     mov bx,[idt+2]
     call display_num
     display colmsg,1
-     
+
     mov bx,[idt]
     call display_num
-    
+
     display trmsg,trmsg_len
     mov bx,[tr]
     call display_num
@@ -114,32 +114,32 @@
     call display_num
     display end,end_len
 
-exit:    
+exit:
     mov eax,01
     mov ebx,00
     int 80h
 
 display_num:
-    mov esi,dnum_buff        
-    mov ch,04                        
-    mov cl,04                        
+    mov esi,dnum_buff
+    mov ch,04
+    mov cl,04
 
 up1:
-    rol bx,cl                       
-    mov dl,bl                        
-    and dl,0fh                       
-    add dl,30h                       
-    cmp dl,39h                       
-    jbe skip1                        
-    add dl,07h                       
+    rol bx,cl
+    mov dl,bl
+    and dl,0fh
+    add dl,30h
+    cmp dl,39h
+    jbe skip1
+    add dl,07h
 
 skip1:
-    mov [esi],dl                     
-    inc esi                            
-    dec ch                            
-    jnz up1                           
-     
-    mov eax,4                        
+    mov [esi],dl
+    inc esi
+    dec ch
+    jnz up1
+
+    mov eax,4
     mov ebx,1
     mov ecx,dnum_buff
     mov edx,4
@@ -159,5 +159,5 @@
 TR  Contents | 0040
 MSW Contents | 0033
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdgywzg.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdgywzg.html
similarity index 95%
rename from pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdgywzg.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdgywzg.html
index 17b6513..28b4ae4 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdgywzg.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdgywzg.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/64-bit/gdgywzg
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdgywzg
 title: ALP to print the addition of N hexadecimal number (64-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 wrong db 10, "Wrong choice entered... Please try again"
 wrong_len equ $-wrong
 
-section .bss 
+section .bss
     numascii resb 03
     resl resb 01
     resh resb 01
@@ -143,9 +143,9 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 ALP to print the addition of N hexadecimal number
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-1.Enter the data 
-2.Display the result 
-3.Exit 
+1.Enter the data
+2.Display the result
+3.Exit
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Enter your choice 1
 
@@ -158,9 +158,9 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 ALP to print the addition of N hexadecimal number
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-1.Enter the data 
-2.Display the result 
-3.Exit 
+1.Enter the data
+2.Display the result
+3.Exit
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Enter your choice 2
 
@@ -168,10 +168,10 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 ALP to print the addition of N hexadecimal number
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-1.Enter the data 
-2.Display the result 
-3.Exit 
+1.Enter the data
+2.Display the result
+3.Exit
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Enter your choice 3
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdqnwvz.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdqnwvz.html
similarity index 97%
rename from pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdqnwvz.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdqnwvz.html
index a5c6751..877097a 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdqnwvz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdqnwvz.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/32-bit/gdqnwvz
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdqnwvz
 title: ALP to print the given alphanumeric characters (32-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
     mov ecx,output
     mov edx,output_len
     int 80h
-    
+
     mov eax,4
     mov ebx,1
     mov ecx,num
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
 
 Given characters are HELLO @WORLD
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
+godarda@gd:~$
 </pre></span></pre></span><div class="codecard">ALP to print the given alphanumeric characters using macro (32-bit)</div>
 <div class="card">{{ site.asmfile }}</div>
 <pre class="code">{%- highlight nasm -%}
@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@
 ALP to print the given alphanumeric characters
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 
-Enter characters HELLO, @WORLD!  
+Enter characters HELLO, @WORLD!
 
 Given characters are HELLO, @WORLD!
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdsgpyl.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdsgpyl.html
similarity index 89%
rename from pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdsgpyl.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdsgpyl.html
index 7c80fe8..5ba8571 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdsgpyl.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdsgpyl.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/64-bit/gdsgpyl
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdsgpyl
 title: ALP to print Hello World using macro (64-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -32,5 +32,5 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runasm }}
 Hello, World!
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span></pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span></pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdvakeg.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvakeg.html
similarity index 95%
rename from pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdvakeg.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvakeg.html
index 3809177..f5e406e 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdvakeg.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvakeg.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/32-bit/gdvakeg
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdvakeg
 title: ALP to identify the Central Processing Unit (CPU) type (32-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -84,9 +84,9 @@
 ALP to identify the Central Processing Unit type
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 
-The CPU type is GenuineIntel       
+The CPU type is GenuineIntel
 
 Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3210M CPU @ 2.50GHz
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdvnyvi.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvnyvi.html
similarity index 97%
rename from pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdvnyvi.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvnyvi.html
index 8f4aa74..d513d4b 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdvnyvi.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvnyvi.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/64-bit/gdvnyvi
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdvnyvi
 title: ALP to convert the hexadecimal to BCD number (64-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -92,5 +92,5 @@
 
 Binary Coded Decimal equivalent is 65535
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdvthab.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvthab.html
similarity index 84%
rename from pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdvthab.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvthab.html
index b020e34..31d01ff 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdvthab.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvthab.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/64-bit/gdvthab
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdvthab
 title: ALP to convert the Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) to hexadecimal number (64-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 end_len equ $-end
 
 section .bss
-    numascii resb 06   
+    numascii resb 06
     opbuff resb 05
     dnumbuff resb 08
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
     mov rax,0
     mov rbx,0ah
 
-b2hup1:    
+b2hup1:
     mov rdx,0
     mul rbx
     mov dl,[rsi]
@@ -58,22 +58,22 @@
     ret
 
 disp32_num:
-    mov rdi,dnumbuff        
-    mov rcx,08            
+    mov rdi,dnumbuff
+    mov rcx,08
 
 dispup1:
-    rol ebx,4            
-    mov dl,bl            
-    and dl,0fh            
-    add dl,30h            
-    cmp dl,39h            
-    jbe dispskip1    
-    add dl,07h        
+    rol ebx,4
+    mov dl,bl
+    and dl,0fh
+    add dl,30h
+    cmp dl,39h
+    jbe dispskip1
+    add dl,07h
 
 dispskip1:
-    mov [rdi],dl        
-    inc rdi        
-    loop dispup1        
+    mov [rdi],dl
+    inc rdi
+    loop dispup1
     display 1,1,dnumbuff+3,5
     ret
 
@@ -93,5 +93,5 @@
 
 Hexadecimal equivalent is 0FFFF
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdvvdud.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvvdud.html
similarity index 94%
rename from pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdvvdud.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvvdud.html
index 78812c2..b795884 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdvvdud.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvvdud.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/32-bit/gdvvdud
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdvvdud
 title: ALP to print the length of a given string (32-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 ALP to print the length of given string
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter the string KODINGWINDOW
+Enter the string GoDarda
 
-Length of string 00000012
+Length of string 00000007
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdvxqaz.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvxqaz.html
similarity index 89%
rename from pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdvxqaz.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvxqaz.html
index 9484dc6..4a00558 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdvxqaz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvxqaz.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/32-bit/gdvxqaz
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdvxqaz
 title: ALP to print Hello World (32-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runasm }}
 Hello, World!
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdvyzpn.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvyzpn.html
similarity index 93%
rename from pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdvyzpn.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvyzpn.html
index eefcb7d..5514871 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdvyzpn.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdvyzpn.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/64-bit/gdvyzpn
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdvyzpn
 title: ALP menu-driven program to perform the string operations (64-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
 section .text
 global _start
 _start:
-menu:    
+menu:
     display 1,1,menumsg,menumsg_len
     display 0,0,optionbuff,02
     cmp byte [optionbuff],"1"
@@ -66,24 +66,24 @@
     call entstr_proc
     jmp exit1
 
-case2:    
+case2:
     cmp byte [optionbuff],"2"
     jne case3
     call length_proc
     jmp exit1
 
-case3:    
+case3:
     cmp byte [optionbuff],"3"
     jne case4
     call reverse_proc
     jmp exit1
 
-case4:    
+case4:
     cmp byte [optionbuff],"4"
     jne case5
     call pal_proc
     jmp exit1
-    case5:    
+    case5:
     cmp byte [optionbuff],"5"
     je exit
     display 1,1,wrchmsg,wrchmsg_len
@@ -93,8 +93,8 @@
     jmp menu
     jne exit
 
-exit:    
-    mov rax,60    
+exit:
+    mov rax,60
     mov rdi,0
     syscall
 
@@ -102,13 +102,13 @@
     display 1,1,entmsg,entmsg_len
     display 0,0,srcstr,10
     dec al
-    mov [cnt],al 
+    mov [cnt],al
     ret
 
-length_proc:    
-    display 1,1,lmsg,lmsg_len         
+length_proc:
+    display 1,1,lmsg,lmsg_len
     mov bl,[cnt]
-    call disp8_proc    
+    call disp8_proc
     ret
 
 reverse_proc:
@@ -119,14 +119,14 @@
     add rsi,rcx
     sub rsi,1
 
-up2: 
+up2:
     mov al,[rsi]
     mov [rdi],al
     inc rdi
     dec rsi
     loop up2
     display 1,1,revmsg,revmsg_len
-    display 1,1,revstr,cnt 
+    display 1,1,revstr,cnt
     ret
 
 pal_proc:
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
     mov rdi,revstr
     mov cl,[cnt]
 
-up3:    
+up3:
     mov al,[rsi]
     mov bl,[rdi]
     cmp al,bl
@@ -146,10 +146,10 @@
     display 1,1,palmsg,palmsg_len
     jmp return
 
-exit2:  
-    display 1,1,npalmsg,npalmsg_len 
+exit2:
+    display 1,1,npalmsg,npalmsg_len
 
-return:    
+return:
     ret
 
 disp8_proc:
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@
     jbe dskip
     add al,07h
 
-dskip:    
+dskip:
     add al,30h
     mov [rdi],al
     inc rdi
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@
 5.Exit
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Enter your Choice 1
-Enter the string LOL   
+Enter the string LOL
 
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 ALP for the string operations
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Enter your Choice 4
 
-String is palindrome 
+String is palindrome
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 ALP for the string operations
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
@@ -235,5 +235,5 @@
 5.Exit
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Enter your Choice 5
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdwagtz.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdwagtz.html
similarity index 93%
rename from pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdwagtz.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdwagtz.html
index d41b9fd..ff38280 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdwagtz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdwagtz.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/64-bit/gdwagtz
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdwagtz
 title: ALP to print the given string using macro (64-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 ALP to print the given string
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter The String KODINGWINDOW
+Enter The String GoDarda
 
-Given string is KODINGWINDOW
+Given string is GoDarda
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdwdwaz.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdwdwaz.html
similarity index 94%
rename from pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdwdwaz.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdwdwaz.html
index 4a1e2f5..37716bd 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdwdwaz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdwdwaz.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/64-bit/gdwdwaz
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdwdwaz
 title: ALP to reverse a given string (64-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 ALP to reverse a given string
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter the string KODINGWINDOW
+Enter the string GoDarda
 
-Reverse string is WODNIWGNIDOK
+Reverse string is adraDoG
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdwzqyk.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdwzqyk.html
similarity index 98%
rename from pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdwzqyk.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdwzqyk.html
index 23dac5d..41d58ce 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/64-bit/gdwzqyk.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdwzqyk.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/64-bit/gdwzqyk
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdwzqyk
 title: ALP to check whether a given string is palindrome (64-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
 exit:
     display 1,1,output2,output2_len
     display 1,1,end,end_len
- 
+
     mov rax,60
     mov rbx,0
     syscall
@@ -108,5 +108,5 @@
 
 Entered string is not palindrome
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdzkizy.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdzkizy.html
similarity index 96%
rename from pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdzkizy.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdzkizy.html
index 1c7a435..2dcaa7b 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/32-bit/gdzkizy.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/gdzkizy.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/32-bit/gdzkizy
+permalink: cluster/asm/gdzkizy
 title: ALP to print the ASCII hex to hexadecimal number (32-bit)
 ---
 
@@ -51,5 +51,5 @@
 
 0123456789ABCDEF
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/asm/index.html b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/index.html
similarity index 92%
rename from pages/learn/asm/index.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/asm/index.html
index 1212794..64c0a22 100644
--- a/pages/learn/asm/index.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/asm/index.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: asm/
+permalink: cluster/asm/
 title: Assembly Programming
 description: Dive into Assembly programming, the low-level language that gives you direct control over hardware. Learn the basics of machine code, registers, and memory management.
 ---
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">How to install NASM on Ubuntu</div>
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>su</mark>
-Password: 
+Password:
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark>apt install nasm</mark>
 ...
 Preparing to unpack .../nasm_2.16.01-1_amd64.deb ...
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@
 
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark>nasm --version</mark>
 NASM version 2.16.01
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdegsem.html b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdegsem.html
similarity index 81%
rename from pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdegsem.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdegsem.html
index fb2f26d..f24aa4a 100644
--- a/pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdegsem.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdegsem.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: fsharp/fundamentals/gdegsem
+permalink: cluster/fsharp/gdegsem
 title: F# Hello World program
 ---
 
@@ -12,5 +12,5 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runfs }}
 Hello, World!
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdewzhw.html b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdewzhw.html
similarity index 87%
rename from pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdewzhw.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdewzhw.html
index 7df52c1..26f8974 100644
--- a/pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdewzhw.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdewzhw.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: fsharp/fundamentals/gdewzhw
+permalink: cluster/fsharp/gdewzhw
 title: F# program to perform the boolean operations
 ---
 
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Program to perform boolean operations
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Value of a      | true 
-Value of b      | false 
-Value of not a  | false 
-Value of not b  | true 
-Value of a && b | false 
-Value of a || b | true 
+Value of a      | true
+Value of b      | false
+Value of not a  | false
+Value of not b  | true
+Value of a && b | false
+Value of a || b | true
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/fsharp/controls/gdhadwu.html b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdhadwu.html
similarity index 90%
rename from pages/learn/fsharp/controls/gdhadwu.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdhadwu.html
index 23006f2..ba02f80 100644
--- a/pages/learn/fsharp/controls/gdhadwu.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdhadwu.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: fsharp/controls/gdhadwu
+permalink: cluster/fsharp/gdhadwu
 title: F# program to check the given number is positive or negative
 ---
 
@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@
 {{ site.runfs }}
 Enter the number -5
 -5 is a negative number
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdwpkzv.html b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdwpkzv.html
similarity index 85%
rename from pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdwpkzv.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdwpkzv.html
index 1d7b4d5..664e6f8 100644
--- a/pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdwpkzv.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdwpkzv.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: fsharp/fundamentals/gdwpkzv
+permalink: cluster/fsharp/gdwpkzv
 title: F# program to perform the arithmetic operations
 ---
 
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Program to perform arithmetic operations
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Value of a   | 15.000000 
-Value of b   | 0.000000 
-Value of a+b | 15.000000 
-Value of a-b | 15.000000 
-Value of a*b | 0.000000 
-Value of a/b | Infinity 
-Value of a^b | 1.000000 
+Value of a   | 15.000000
+Value of b   | 0.000000
+Value of a+b | 15.000000
+Value of a-b | 15.000000
+Value of a*b | 0.000000
+Value of a/b | Infinity
+Value of a^b | 1.000000
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdxmvyy.html b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdxmvyy.html
similarity index 91%
rename from pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdxmvyy.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdxmvyy.html
index 33e01fc..b5417cd 100644
--- a/pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/gdxmvyy.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdxmvyy.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: fsharp/fundamentals/gdxmvyy
+permalink: cluster/fsharp/gdxmvyy
 title: F# program to calculate the area and circumference of a circle
 ---
 
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@
 Program to calculate the area and circumference of a circle
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Enter the radius of a circle 10
-The area of a circle is 314.159265 
-The circumference of a circle is 62.831853 
+The area of a circle is 314.159265
+The circumference of a circle is 62.831853
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/fsharp/controls/gdzegce.html b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdzegce.html
similarity index 85%
rename from pages/learn/fsharp/controls/gdzegce.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdzegce.html
index 34bb2e0..f217c62 100644
--- a/pages/learn/fsharp/controls/gdzegce.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/gdzegce.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: fsharp/controls/gdzegce
+permalink: cluster/fsharp/gdzegce
 title: F# program to check the given number is even or odd
 ---
 
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@
 
 Console.Write("Enter the number ")
 let n = int32(Console.ReadLine())
-if(n >= 0) then 
+if(n >= 0) then
     printfn "%i is an EVEN number" n
-else 
+else
     printfn "%i is an ODD number" n
 {%- endhighlight -%}</pre>
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
@@ -20,5 +20,5 @@
 {{ site.runfs }}
 Enter the number 5
 5 is an ODD number
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/fsharp/index.html b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/index.html
similarity index 86%
rename from pages/learn/fsharp/index.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/index.html
index 6054a47..a995efd 100644
--- a/pages/learn/fsharp/index.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/fsharp/index.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: fsharp/
+permalink: cluster/fsharp/
 title: F# Programming
 description: Explore F# programming, a functional-first language for .NET. Learn the essentials of functional programming, type inference, and powerful data manipulation.
----
\ No newline at end of file
+---
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdddysa.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdddysa.html
similarity index 95%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdddysa.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdddysa.html
index 85e0307..98c8d7d 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdddysa.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdddysa.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/fundamentals/gdddysa
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdddysa
 title: LISP program to find the min and max of two numbers
 ---
 
@@ -29,5 +29,5 @@
 Minimum of -50 OR 10 = -50
 Maximum of -50 OR 10 = 10
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdggadz.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdggadz.html
similarity index 78%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdggadz.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdggadz.html
index 84e02bc..a2191cb 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdggadz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdggadz.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/fundamentals/gdggadz
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdggadz
 title: Maxima Command Line Interface (CLI)
 ---
 
@@ -8,47 +8,56 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>maxima</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Calculate the factorial of 50</comment>
 (%i1) <mark>50!;</mark>
 (%o1)  30414093201713378043612608166064768844377641568960512000000000000
 
+<comment># Calculate 2 to the power of 64</comment>
 (%i2) <mark>2^64;</mark>
 (%o2)                        18446744073709551616
 
+<comment># Define a function f(x)</comment>
 (%i3) <mark>f(x):=x^8;</mark>
                                            8
 (%o3)                             f(x) := x
 
+<comment># Evaluate f(10)</comment>
 (%i4) <mark>f(10);</mark>
 (%o4)                              100000000
 
+<comment># Evaluate f(5)</comment>
 (%i5) <mark>f(5);</mark>
 (%o5)                               390625
 
+<comment># Calculate the sine of pi/3</comment>
 (%i6) <mark>sin(%pi/3);</mark>
                                     sqrt(3)
 (%o6)                               -------
                                        2
 
+<comment># Factor the polynomial</comment>
 (%i7) <mark>factor(x^2+x-20);</mark>
 (%o7)                           (x - 4) (x + 5)
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Units</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Load the unit package</comment>
 (%i8) <mark>load(unit);</mark>
-******************************************************************* 
-*                       Units version 0.50                        * 
-*          Definitions based on the NIST Reference on             * 
-*              Constants, Units, and Uncertainty                  * 
-*       Conversion factors from various sources including         * 
-*                   NIST and the GNU units package                * 
-******************************************************************* 
- 
-Redefining necessary functions... 
-Initializing unit arrays... 
-Done. 
+*******************************************************************
+*                       Units version 0.50                        *
+*          Definitions based on the NIST Reference on             *
+*              Constants, Units, and Uncertainty                  *
+*       Conversion factors from various sources including         *
+*                   NIST and the GNU units package                *
+*******************************************************************
+
+Redefining necessary functions...
+Initializing unit arrays...
+Done.
 (%o8)        /usr/share/maxima/5.41.0/share/contrib/unit/unit.mac
 
+<comment># Check definitions of derived units</comment>
 (%i9) <mark>[N,Pa,J,W,C,V,F];</mark>
                                   2      2           2   2  4
                   kg m   kg   kg m   kg m        kg m   A  s
@@ -56,6 +65,7 @@
                     2      2    2      3            3       2
                    s    m s    s      s          A s    kg m
 
+<comment># Check definitions of derived units</comment>
 (%i10) <mark>[Ohm,T,H,lm,lx];</mark>
                               2            2
                           kg m    kg   kg m       cd
@@ -63,11 +73,13 @@
                            2  3     2   2  2       2
                           A  s   A s   A  s       m
 
+<comment># Calculate force from mass and acceleration</comment>
 (%i11) <mark>mass:5*kg $ acc:1.8*m/s^2 $ force:mass*acc;</mark>
                                        kg m
 (%o13)                            (9) (----)
                                          2
                                         s
+<comment># Calculate kinetic energy</comment>
 (%i14) <mark>mass:15*kg $ velocity:5*m/s $ KE=0.5*mass*velocity^2;</mark>
                                                2
                                            kg m
@@ -75,17 +87,21 @@
                                              2
                                             s
 
+<comment># Set preferred units for output</comment>
 (%i17) <mark>setunits([N,J]);</mark>
 (%o17)                               done
 
+<comment># Calculate using preferred units</comment>
 (%i18) <mark>[(5*kg)*(26.8*m/s^2),(1.5*N)*(3*m)];</mark>
                                           9
 (%o18)                       [(134) (N), (-) (J)]
                                           2
 
+<comment># Forget preferred units</comment>
 (%i19) <mark>uforget([N,J]);</mark>
 (%o19)                          [false, false]
 
+<comment># Calculate showing base units</comment>
 (%i20) <mark>[(5*kg)*(26.8*m/s^2),(1.5*N)*(3*m)];</mark>
                                                    2
                                    kg m    9   kg m
@@ -94,4 +110,4 @@
                                     s           s
 
 (%i21) <mark>CTRL+D to Exit;</mark>
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdggdyw.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdggdyw.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7072be6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdggdyw.html
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+---
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdggdyw
+title: CLISP Command Line Interface (CLI)
+---
+
+<div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
+<div class="terminalcard">Arithmetic operations</div>
+<span><pre>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>clisp</mark>
+...
+<comment># Add two numbers</comment>
+[1]> <mark>(+ 7 19)</mark>
+26
+
+<comment># Add multiple numbers</comment>
+[2]> <mark>(+ 7 93 100 900)</mark>
+1100
+
+<comment># Add two numbers</comment>
+[3]> <mark>(+ 7 93)</mark>
+100
+
+<comment># Subtract two numbers</comment>
+[4]> <mark>(- 7 93)</mark>
+-86
+
+<comment># Multiply two numbers</comment>
+[5]> <mark>(* 7 93)</mark>
+651
+
+<comment># Attempt division by zero</comment>
+[6]> <mark>(/ 1 0)</mark>
+*** - /: division by zero
+The following restarts are available:
+ABORT          :R1      Abort main loop
+<comment># Exit the error loop</comment>
+[7]> <mark>:q</mark>
+
+<comment># Divide two numbers returning a rational</comment>
+[8]> <mark>(/ 7 93)</mark>
+7/93
+
+<comment># Divide two numbers returning a float</comment>
+[9]> <mark>(/ 7 93.0)</mark>
+0.07526882
+
+<comment># Check if the expression equals 100</comment>
+[10]> <mark>(= 100(+ 7 93))</mark>
+T
+<comment># Display the value of PI</comment>
+[11]<hr>><mark> PI</mark>
+3.1415926535897932385L0
+
+<comment># Display the value of pi (case-insensitive)</comment>
+[12]> <mark>pi</mark>
+3.1415926535897932385L0
+</span></pre>
+
+<div class="terminalcard">String operations</div>
+<span><pre>
+<comment># Print a string literal</comment>
+[1]> <mark>"Hello World"</mark>
+"Hello World"
+
+<comment># Get the length of the string</comment>
+[2]> <mark>(length "Hello World")</mark>
+11
+
+<comment># Get the character at index 0</comment>
+[3]> <mark>(char "Hello World"0)</mark>
+#\H
+
+<comment># Get the character at index 10</comment>
+[4]> <mark>(char "Hello World"10)</mark>
+#\d
+
+<comment># Return the symbol HELLO</comment>
+[5]> <mark>'hello</mark>
+HELLO
+
+<comment># Return a symbol with mixed case using escape</comment>
+[6]> <mark>'h\ello</mark>
+|HeLLO|
+
+<comment># Return a symbol preserving case using bars</comment>
+[7]> <mark>'h|ello|</mark>
+|Hello|
+</span></pre>
+
+<div class="terminalcard">type-of function</div>
+<span><pre>
+<comment># Check the type of the number 0</comment>
+[1]> <mark>(type-of 0)</mark>
+BIT
+
+<comment># Check the type of the number 1</comment>
+[2]> <mark>(type-of 1)</mark>
+BIT
+
+<comment># Check the type of the number 2</comment>
+[3]> <mark>(type-of 2)</mark>
+(INTEGER 0 281474976710655)
+
+<comment># Check the type of a float literal</comment>
+[4]> <mark>(type-of '1e2)</mark>
+SINGLE-FLOAT
+
+<comment># Check the type of the constant pi</comment>
+[5]> <mark>(type-of pi)</mark>
+LONG-FLOAT
+
+<comment># Check the type of the symbol pi</comment>
+[6]> <mark>(type-of 'pi)</mark>
+SYMBOL
+
+<comment># Check the type of the + variable</comment>
+[7]> <mark>(type-of +)</mark>
+CONS
+
+<comment># Check the type of the - variable</comment>
+[8]> <mark>(type-of -)</mark>
+CONS
+
+<comment># Check the type of the * variable</comment>
+[9]> <mark>(type-of *)</mark>
+SYMBOL
+
+<comment># Check the type of the / variable</comment>
+[10]> <mark>(type-of /)</mark>
+CONS
+
+<comment># Check the type of a string</comment>
+[11]> <mark>(type-of "Hello World")</mark>
+(SIMPLE-BASE-STRING 11)
+
+<comment># Check the type of the *package* variable</comment>
+[12]> <mark>(type-of *package*)</mark>
+PACKAGE
+</span></pre>
+
+<div class="terminalcard">symbol-name function</div>
+<span><pre>
+<comment># Get the name of the symbol 'hello</comment>
+[1]> <mark>(symbol-name 'hello)</mark>
+"HELLO"
+
+<comment># Get the name of the symbol '|hello|</comment>
+[2]> <mark>(symbol-name '|hello|)</mark>
+"hello"
+
+<comment># Check if the symbol name equals "Hello"</comment>
+[3]> <mark>(string=(symbol-name'h|ello|)"Hello")</mark>
+T
+</span></pre>
+
+<div class="terminalcard">eql function</div>
+<span><pre>
+<comment># Check if symbol 'A is eql to 'a</comment>
+[1]> <mark>(eql'A'a)</mark>
+T
+
+<comment># Check if integer 50 is eql to float 50.0</comment>
+[2]> <mark>(eql 50 50.0)</mark>
+NIL
+
+<comment># Check if two integers are equal</comment>
+[3]> <mark>(eql 50 50)</mark>
+T
+</span></pre>
+
+<div class="terminalcard">random function</div>
+<span><pre>
+<comment># Generate a random integer up to 500</comment>
+[1]> <mark>(random 500)</mark>
+153
+
+<comment># Generate a random float up to 500.0</comment>
+[2]> <mark>(random 500.0)</mark>
+497.5427
+</span></pre>
+
+<div class="terminalcard">remove function</div>
+<span><pre>
+<comment># Remove all occurrences of 1 from the list</comment>
+[1]> <mark>(remove 1'(4 1 5 1 7 2 9 1 5 2 1))</mark>
+(4 5 7 2 9 5 2)
+
+<comment># Remove all occurrences of 'r from the list</comment>
+[2]> <mark>(remove 'r'(r a d a r))</mark>
+(A D A)
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdgoauk.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdgoauk.html
similarity index 95%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdgoauk.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdgoauk.html
index ebeec31..817a12d 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdgoauk.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdgoauk.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/fundamentals/gdgoauk
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdgoauk
 title: LISP program to swap the given numbers
 ---
 
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@
 a=20
 b=10
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdiewcv.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdiewcv.html
similarity index 61%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdiewcv.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdiewcv.html
index bd162e5..ea97a2d 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdiewcv.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdiewcv.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/fundamentals/gdiewcv
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdiewcv
 title: LISP program to calculate the square and cube of numbers
 ---
 
@@ -19,17 +19,17 @@
 +--------+---------+------------+
 |Numbers | Squares | Cubes      |
 +--------+---------+------------+
-   0         0          0       
-   1         1          1       
-   2         4          8       
-   3         9          27       
-   4         16          64       
-   5         25          125       
-   6         36          216       
-   7         49          343       
-   8         64          512       
-   9         81          729       
-   10         100          1000       
+   0         0          0
+   1         1          1
+   2         4          8
+   3         9          27
+   4         16          64
+   5         25          125
+   6         36          216
+   7         49          343
+   8         64          512
+   9         81          729
+   10         100          1000
 +--------+---------+------------+
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/controls/gdkdena.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdkdena.html
similarity index 94%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/controls/gdkdena.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdkdena.html
index 3feb050..c4b501f 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/controls/gdkdena.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdkdena.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/controls/gdkdena
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdkdena
 title: LISP program for the positive-negative test of a given number
 ---
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Enter the number -1
 
--1 is -ve number 
+-1 is -ve number
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 
 {{ site.runlisp }}
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Enter the number 0
 
-0 is neither +ve nor -ve 
+0 is neither +ve nor -ve
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdmalgp.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdmalgp.html
similarity index 96%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdmalgp.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdmalgp.html
index f57314a..1e16b65 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdmalgp.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdmalgp.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/fundamentals/gdmalgp
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdmalgp
 title: LISP program to perform the bitwise operations
 ---
 
@@ -37,5 +37,5 @@
 1 NOT 0           | -2
 1 EQUIVALANCE 0   | -2
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/strings/gdtrkke.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdtrkke.html
similarity index 93%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/strings/gdtrkke.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdtrkke.html
index 50bf92c..f31b5a3 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/strings/gdtrkke.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdtrkke.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/strings/gdtrkke
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdtrkke
 title: LISP program to perform the string operations
 ---
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runlisp }}
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Program to perform the string operations 
+Program to perform the string operations
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Enter the 1st string HELLO
 Enter the 2nd string WORLD
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@
 Uppercase S1   | HELLO WORLD
 Lowercase S1   | hello world
 Togalcase S1   | Hello World
-Concatination  | HELLOWORLD 
-Comparision    | NIL 
+Concatination  | HELLOWORLD
+Comparision    | NIL
 Subsequence 0  | HELLO WORLD
 Character at 0 | H W
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$  
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/controls/gduepzv.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gduepzv.html
similarity index 94%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/controls/gduepzv.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gduepzv.html
index a7a4dee..817b346 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/controls/gduepzv.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gduepzv.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/controls/gduepzv
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gduepzv
 title: LISP program for the arithmetic operations using the case statements
 ---
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runlisp }}
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Program to perform the arithmetic operations 
+Program to perform the arithmetic operations
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 1.Addition
 2.Subtraction
@@ -46,5 +46,5 @@
 
 *** - /: division by zero
 
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/functions/gduzcrz.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gduzcrz.html
similarity index 96%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/functions/gduzcrz.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gduzcrz.html
index 1188256..e4b99fc 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/functions/gduzcrz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gduzcrz.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/functions/gduzcrz
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gduzcrz
 title: LISP program to find the area of a circle using a function
 ---
 
@@ -33,5 +33,5 @@
 The area of a circle is 314.15997
 The circumference of a circle is 62.831
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdvagvz.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdvagvz.html
similarity index 96%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdvagvz.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdvagvz.html
index 28d2d9d..7c38ec0 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdvagvz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdvagvz.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/fundamentals/gdvagvz
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdvagvz
 title: LISP program to demonstrate the use of numeric conversion functions
 ---
 
@@ -46,5 +46,5 @@
 15
 2
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdvwwue.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdvwwue.html
similarity index 96%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdvwwue.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdvwwue.html
index 139b822..c9cfc9e 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdvwwue.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdvwwue.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/fundamentals/gdvwwue
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdvwwue
 title: LISP program to perform the arithmetic operations
 ---
 
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@
 Multiplication | -500
 Division       | -5
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdydkmw.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdydkmw.html
similarity index 89%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdydkmw.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdydkmw.html
index 4a1d57c..d64ed2b 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdydkmw.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdydkmw.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/fundamentals/gdydkmw
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdydkmw
 title: LISP Hello World program
 ---
 
@@ -21,5 +21,5 @@
 Hello, World!
 Hello, World!Hello, World!"Hello, World!"
 "Hello, World!" 'Hello, World!'
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdzedbg.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdzedbg.html
similarity index 96%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdzedbg.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdzedbg.html
index 4f82ead..69bcf82 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdzedbg.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdzedbg.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/fundamentals/gdzedbg
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdzedbg
 title: LISP program to demonstrate the use of trigonometric functions
 ---
 
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@
   sec(60) | 1.9035945
 cosec(60) | 1.1752213
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/strings/gdzygzo.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdzygzo.html
similarity index 97%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/strings/gdzygzo.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdzygzo.html
index c6b72f4..be0870d 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/strings/gdzygzo.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdzygzo.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/strings/gdzygzo
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdzygzo
 title: LISP program to check whether a given string is a palindrome
 ---
 
@@ -38,5 +38,5 @@
 
 LOL is palindrome
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/loops/gdzzzay.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdzzzay.html
similarity index 96%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/loops/gdzzzay.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdzzzay.html
index aa4294c..00c5cfe 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/loops/gdzzzay.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/gdzzzay.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/loops/gdzzzay
+permalink: cluster/lisp/gdzzzay
 title: LISP program to print the even and odd numbers
 ---
 
@@ -44,5 +44,5 @@
 7
 9
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/index.html b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/index.html
similarity index 90%
rename from pages/learn/lisp/index.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/lisp/index.html
index d737d7e..e207399 100644
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/index.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/lisp/index.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: lisp/
+permalink: cluster/lisp/
 title: LISP Programming
 description: Delve into LISP programming, a pioneering language known for its unique syntax and powerful features. Learn the fundamentals of symbolic computation, recursion, and functional programming.
 ---
@@ -7,15 +7,15 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">How to install CLISP and Maxima on Ubuntu</div>
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>su</mark>
-Password: 
+Password:
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark>apt install clisp</mark>
 ...
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark>clisp --version</mark>
 GNU CLISP 2.49.93+ (2018-02-18) (built on lcy02-amd64-009.buildd [127.0.1.1])
-Software: GNU C 13.2.0 
+Software: GNU C 13.2.0
 
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark>apt install maxima</mark>
 ...
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark>maxima --version</mark>
 Maxima 5.46.0
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/octave/strings/gdawdqp.html b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdawdqp.html
similarity index 50%
rename from pages/learn/octave/strings/gdawdqp.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdawdqp.html
index 9d40ac9..d6da248 100644
--- a/pages/learn/octave/strings/gdawdqp.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdawdqp.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: octave/strings/gdawdqp
+permalink: cluster/octave/gdawdqp
 title: Octave strings comparison
 ---
 
@@ -7,33 +7,42 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>octave</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Create a string variable</comment>
 octave> <mark>gd = "GoDarda"</mark>
 gd = GoDarda
 
+<comment># Compare two strings for equality</comment>
 octave> <mark>strcmp(gd, "GoDarda")</mark>
 ans = 1
 
-octave> <mark>strcmp(gd, "KODINGWINDOW")</mark>
+<comment># Compare strings case-sensitively</comment>
+octave> <mark>strcmp(gd, "GODARDA")</mark>
 ans = 0
 
-octave> <mark>strncmp(gd, "Koding", 6)</mark>
+<comment># Compare the first n characters of strings</comment>
+octave> <mark>strncmp(gd, "Go", 2)</mark>
 ans = 1
 
+<comment># Compare strings ignoring case</comment>
 octave> <mark>strcmpi("GD#12","gd#12")</mark>
 ans = 1
 
 octave> <mark>strcmpi("GD#12","gd#21")</mark>
 ans = 0
 
+<comment># Compare the first n characters ignoring case</comment>
 octave> <mark>strncmpi("GD#12","gd",2)</mark>
 ans = 1
 
-octave> <mark>strrep(gd, "in", "#")</mark>
-ans = Kod#gw#dow
+<comment># Replace occurrences of a substring</comment>
+octave> <mark>strrep(gd, "a", "#")</mark>
+ans = GoD#rd#
 
+<comment># Check if the variable is a string</comment>
 octave> <mark>ischar(gd)</mark>
 ans = 1
 
+<comment># Compare strings character by character</comment>
 octave> <mark>a="Hello"</mark>
 a = Hello
 
@@ -53,4 +62,4 @@
 
   1  1  1  1  1
 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdazzam.html b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdazzam.html
similarity index 84%
rename from pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdazzam.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdazzam.html
index 0ea84e4..6d5a04a 100644
--- a/pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdazzam.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdazzam.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: octave/fundamentals/gdazzam
+permalink: cluster/octave/gdazzam
 title: Octave Trigonometric Functions
 ---
 
@@ -7,20 +7,24 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>octave</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Get the value of pi</comment>
 octave> <mark>pi</mark>
 ans = 3.1416
 
+<comment># Convert degrees to radians</comment>
 octave> <mark>deg2rad([0, 90, 180, 270, 360])</mark>
 ans =
 
         0   1.5708   3.1416   4.7124   6.2832
 
 
+<comment># Convert radians to degrees</comment>
 octave> <mark>rad2deg([0, pi/2, pi, 3/2*pi, 2*pi])</mark>
 ans =
 
      0    90   180   270   360
 
+<comment># Sine of angle in radians</comment>
 octave> <mark>sin(0)</mark>
 ans = 0
 
@@ -38,7 +42,9 @@
 
 octave> <mark>cot(180)</mark>
 ans = 0.7470
-<hr>octave> <mark>sind(0)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Sine of angle in degrees</comment>
+octave> <mark>sind(0)</mark>
 ans = 0
 
 octave> <mark>cosd(30)</mark>
@@ -59,6 +65,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Compute inverse trigonometric ratios (angles are in radians and degrees)</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Inverse sine in radians</comment>
 octave> <mark>asin(0)</mark>
 ans = 0
 
@@ -76,7 +83,9 @@
 
 octave> <mark>acot(180)</mark>
 ans = 5.5555e-03
-<hr>octave> <mark>asind(0)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Inverse sine in degrees</comment>
+octave> <mark>asind(0)</mark>
 ans = 0
 
 octave> <mark>acosd(30)</mark>
@@ -135,4 +144,4 @@
 
 octave> <mark>acoth(180)</mark>
 ans = 5.5556e-03
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/octave/strings/gdcvyzd.html b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdcvyzd.html
similarity index 63%
rename from pages/learn/octave/strings/gdcvyzd.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdcvyzd.html
index 7534783..a9e4e9f 100644
--- a/pages/learn/octave/strings/gdcvyzd.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdcvyzd.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: octave/strings/gdcvyzd
+permalink: cluster/octave/gdcvyzd
 title: Octave to check the given string is alphanumeric
 ---
 
@@ -7,46 +7,55 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>octave</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Create a string variable</comment>
 octave> <mark>gd = "GoDarda#12"</mark>
 gd = GoDarda#12
+<comment># Check if characters are alphabetic</comment>
 octave> <mark>isalpha(gd)</mark>
 ans =
 
   1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  0  0  0
 
+<comment># Check if characters are alphanumeric</comment>
 octave> <mark>isalnum(gd)</mark>
 ans =
 
   1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  0  1  1
 
+<comment># Check if characters are digits</comment>
 octave> <mark>isdigit(gd)</mark>
 ans =
 
   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  1  1
 
+<comment># Check if characters are ASCII</comment>
 octave> <mark>isascii(gd)</mark>
 ans =
 
   1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1
 
+<comment># Check if characters are letters</comment>
 octave> <mark>isletter(gd)</mark>
 ans =
 
   1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  0  0  0
 
+<comment># Check if characters are uppercase</comment>
 octave> <mark>isupper(gd)</mark>
 ans =
 
   1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 
+<comment># Check if characters are lowercase</comment>
 octave> <mark>islower(gd)</mark>
 ans =
 
   0  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  0  0  0
 
+<comment># Check if characters are whitespace</comment>
 octave> <mark>isspace(gd)</mark>
 ans =
 
   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gddggad.html b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gddggad.html
similarity index 58%
rename from pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gddggad.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/octave/gddggad.html
index 3e477f9..ed57193 100644
--- a/pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gddggad.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gddggad.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: octave/fundamentals/gddggad
+permalink: cluster/octave/gddggad
 title: How to generate random numbers in Octave
 ---
 
@@ -8,36 +8,45 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>octave</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Generate a random number between 0 and 1</comment>
 octave> <mark>rand(1)</mark>
 ans = 0.7154
 
+<comment># Generate a random number between 0 and 10</comment>
 octave> <mark>rand(1)*10</mark>
 ans = 8.7886
 
+<comment># Generate a random number between 0 and 100</comment>
 octave> <mark>rand(1)*100</mark>
 ans = 78.646
 
+<comment># Generate a random number between 0 and 1000</comment>
 octave> <mark>rand(1)*1000</mark>
 ans = 387.05
 
+<comment># Generate a random integer by rounding</comment>
 octave> <mark>round(rand(1)*1000)</mark>
 ans = 779
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Generate random integer numbers</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Generate a random integer between 1 and 100</comment>
 octave> <mark>randi(100)</mark>
 ans = 21
 
+<comment># Generate a random integer between 1 and 1000</comment>
 octave> <mark>randi(1000)</mark>
 ans = 848
 
+<comment># Generate a random integer in a specific range</comment>
 octave> <mark>randi([10,15])</mark>
 ans = 14
 
 octave> <mark>randi([10,15])</mark>
 ans = 10
 
+<comment># Generate a matrix of random integers</comment>
 octave> <mark>randi(5,5)</mark>
 ans =
 
@@ -46,4 +55,4 @@
     2   4   3   2   3
     2   1   2   3   1
     3   5   5   3   2
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdeceiw.html b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdeceiw.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..458e566
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdeceiw.html
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+---
+permalink: cluster/octave/gdeceiw
+title: Octave string indexing
+---
+
+<div class="terminalcard">{{ page.title }}</div>
+<span><pre>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>octave</mark>
+...
+<comment># Create a string variable</comment>
+octave> <mark>gd = "GoDarda"</mark>
+gd = GoDarda
+
+<comment># Check if string starts with pattern</comment>
+octave> <mark>startsWith(gd, "GO")</mark>
+ans = 0
+
+octave> <mark>startsWith(gd, "Go")</mark>
+ans = 1
+
+<comment># Check if string ends with pattern</comment>
+octave> <mark>endsWith(gd, "ar")</mark>
+ans = 0
+
+octave> <mark>endsWith(gd, "da")</mark>
+ans = 1
+
+<comment># Find index of first occurrence</comment>
+octave> <mark>index(gd, "a")</mark>
+ans = 4
+
+<comment># Find index of last occurrence</comment>
+octave> <mark>rindex(gd, "a")</mark>
+ans = 7
+
+<comment># Get character indices</comment>
+octave> <mark>unicode_idx(gd)</mark>
+ans =
+
+   1   2   3   4   5   6   7
+
+<comment># Find substring index</comment>
+octave> <mark>strfind(gd, "DARDA")</mark>
+ans = [](0x0)
+
+octave> <mark>strfind(gd, "Darda")</mark>
+ans = 3
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdeezgn.html b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdeezgn.html
similarity index 64%
rename from pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdeezgn.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdeezgn.html
index 35c22a0..e5c9f32 100644
--- a/pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdeezgn.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdeezgn.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: octave/fundamentals/gdeezgn
+permalink: cluster/octave/gdeezgn
 title: Octave Logical Operations
 ---
 
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>octave</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Logical OR with numbers</comment>
 octave> <mark>1 | 1</mark>
 ans = 1
 
@@ -18,7 +19,9 @@
 
 octave> <mark>0 | 0</mark>
 ans = 0
-<hr>octave> <mark>true | true</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Logical OR with booleans</comment>
+octave> <mark>true | true</mark>
 ans = 1
 
 octave> <mark>true | false</mark>
@@ -29,7 +32,9 @@
 
 octave> <mark>false | false</mark>
 ans = 0
-<hr>octave> <mark>1 & 1</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Logical AND with numbers</comment>
+octave> <mark>1 & 1</mark>
 ans = 1
 
 octave> <mark>1 & 0</mark>
@@ -40,7 +45,9 @@
 
 octave> <mark>0 & 0</mark>
 ans = 0
-<hr>octave> <mark>true & true</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Logical AND with booleans</comment>
+octave> <mark>true & true</mark>
 ans = 1
 
 octave> <mark>true & false</mark>
@@ -51,7 +58,9 @@
 
 octave> <mark>false & false</mark>
 ans = 0
-<hr>octave> <mark>true+true</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Arithmetic operations with booleans</comment>
+octave> <mark>true+true</mark>
 ans = 2
 
 octave> <mark>false-true</mark>
@@ -62,7 +71,9 @@
 
 octave> <mark>true-true</mark>
 ans = 0
-<hr>octave> <mark>1==1</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Comparison operators</comment>
+octave> <mark>1==1</mark>
 ans = 1
 
 octave> <mark>1<1</mark>
@@ -73,4 +84,4 @@
 
 octave> <mark>1>=1</mark>
 ans = 1
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdfxzpq.html b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdfxzpq.html
similarity index 63%
rename from pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdfxzpq.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdfxzpq.html
index 12dcd7b..81b47e0 100644
--- a/pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdfxzpq.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdfxzpq.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: octave/fundamentals/gdfxzpq
+permalink: cluster/octave/gdfxzpq
 title: Octave Arithmetic Operations
 ---
 
@@ -7,57 +7,71 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>octave</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Addition</comment>
 octave> <mark>10+20</mark>
 ans = 30
 
+<comment># Subtraction</comment>
 octave> <mark>10-20</mark>
 ans = -10
 
+<comment># Multiplication</comment>
 octave> <mark>10*20</mark>
 ans = 200
 
+<comment># Division</comment>
 octave> <mark>10/20</mark>
 ans = 0.5000
 
+<comment># Exponentiation</comment>
 octave> <mark>2^10</mark>
 ans = 1024
 
+<comment># Modulo operation</comment>
 octave> <mark>mod(-7,4)</mark>
 ans = 1
 
 octave> <mark>mod(7,4)</mark>
 ans = 3
 
+<comment># Remainder after division</comment>
 octave> <mark>rem(-7,4)</mark>
 ans = -3
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Arithmetic operations on complex numbers</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Add complex numbers directly</comment>
 octave> <mark>complex(4+5j)+complex(2+6j)</mark>
 ans =   6 + 11i
-    
+
+<comment># Define complex variables</comment>
 octave> <mark>c1=4+5j</mark>
 c1 =  4 + 5i
 
 octave> <mark>c2=2+6j</mark>
 c2 =  2 + 6i
 
+<comment># Add complex variables</comment>
 octave> <mark>c1+c2</mark>
 ans =   6 + 11i
 
+<comment># Subtract complex variables</comment>
 octave> <mark>c1-c2</mark>
 ans =  2 - 1i
 
+<comment># Multiply complex variables</comment>
 octave> <mark>c1*c2</mark>
 ans = -22 + 34i
 
+<comment># Divide complex variables</comment>
 octave> <mark>c1/c2</mark>
 ans =  0.9500 - 0.3500i
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">round(), floor(), ceil() and fix() functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Round to nearest integer</comment>
 octave> <mark>round(2.3)</mark>
 ans = 2
 
@@ -69,7 +83,9 @@
 
 octave> <mark>round(-2.8)</mark>
 ans = -3
-<hr>octave> <mark>floor(2.3)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Round down to nearest integer</comment>
+octave> <mark>floor(2.3)</mark>
 ans = 2
 
 octave> <mark>floor(2.8)</mark>
@@ -80,7 +96,9 @@
 
 octave> <mark>floor(-2.8)</mark>
 ans = -3
-<hr>octave> <mark>ceil(2.3)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Round up to nearest integer</comment>
+octave> <mark>ceil(2.3)</mark>
 ans = 3
 
 octave> <mark>ceil(2.8)</mark>
@@ -91,7 +109,9 @@
 
 octave> <mark>ceil(-2.8)</mark>
 ans = -2
-<hr>octave> <mark>fix(2.3)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Round towards zero</comment>
+octave> <mark>fix(2.3)</mark>
 ans = 2
 
 octave> <mark>fix(2.8)</mark>
@@ -101,5 +121,5 @@
 ans = -2
 
 octave> <mark>fix(-2.8)</mark>
-ans = -2    
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+ans = -2
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdgeiev.html b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdgeiev.html
similarity index 71%
rename from pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdgeiev.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdgeiev.html
index 45658b8..dd05495 100644
--- a/pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/gdgeiev.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gdgeiev.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: octave/fundamentals/gdgeiev
+permalink: cluster/octave/gdgeiev
 title: Octave Exponents and Logarithms
 ---
 
@@ -7,12 +7,15 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>octave</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Euler's number</comment>
 octave> <mark>e</mark>
 ans = 2.7183
 
+<comment># Exponential function e^x</comment>
 octave> <mark>exp(0)</mark>
 ans = 1
 
+<comment># Compute e^x - 1 accurately</comment>
 octave> <mark>expm1(0)</mark>
 ans = 0
 
@@ -31,12 +34,14 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Logarithms</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Natural logarithm (base e)</comment>
 octave> <mark>log(0)</mark>
 ans = -Inf
 
 octave> <mark>log(1)</mark>
 ans = 0
 
+<comment># Compute log(1+x) accurately</comment>
 octave> <mark>log1p(0)</mark>
 ans = 0
 
@@ -46,6 +51,7 @@
 octave> <mark>log(-1)</mark>
 ans =       0 + 3.1416i
 
+<comment># Natural logarithm for real inputs</comment>
 octave> <mark>reallog(0)</mark>
 ans = -Inf
 
@@ -55,6 +61,7 @@
 octave> <mark>reallog(-1)</mark>
 error: reallog: produced complex result
 
+<comment># Base-10 logarithm</comment>
 octave> <mark>log10(0)</mark>
 ans = -Inf
 
@@ -64,6 +71,7 @@
 octave> <mark>log10(2)</mark>
 ans = 0.3010
 
+<comment># Base-2 logarithm</comment>
 octave> <mark>log2(0)</mark>
 ans = -Inf
 
@@ -76,31 +84,37 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Power, Square root and Cube root functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Base-2 power</comment>
 octave> <mark>pow2(10)</mark>
 ans = 1024
 
+<comment># Power function for real inputs</comment>
 octave:80> realpow(2,10)</mark>
 ans = 1024
 
+<comment># Square root</comment>
 octave> <mark>sqrt(100)</mark>
 ans = 10
 
 octave> <mark>sqrt(-1)</mark>
 ans =  0 + 1i
 
+<comment># Square root for non-negative real inputs</comment>
 octave> <mark>realsqrt(10)</mark>
 ans = 3.1623
 
 octave> <mark>realsqrt(-1)</mark>
 error: realsqrt: produced complex result
 
+<comment># Cube root</comment>
 octave> <mark>cbrt(27)</mark>
 ans = 3.0000
 
+<comment># Nth root of a number</comment>
 octave> <mark>nthroot(1,2)</mark>
 ans = 1
 
 octave> <mark>nthroot(4,2)</mark>
 ans = 2
 (4) ^ (1 / 2)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gduaulz.html b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gduaulz.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9aa98f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/gduaulz.html
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+permalink: cluster/octave/gduaulz
+title: Octave basic string operations
+---
+
+<div class="terminalcard">{{ page.title }}</div>
+<span><pre>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>octave</mark>
+...
+<comment># Create a string variable</comment>
+octave> <mark>gd = "Go"</mark>
+gd = Go
+
+<comment># Concatenate strings</comment>
+octave> <mark>gd = [gd, "Darda"]</mark>
+gd = GoDarda
+
+<comment># Check variable type</comment>
+octave> <mark>typeinfo(gd)</mark>
+ans = string
+
+<comment># Access character at specific index</comment>
+octave> <mark>gd(3)</mark>
+ans = D
+
+<comment># Extract a substring</comment>
+octave> <mark>gd(2:6)</mark>
+ans = oDard
+
+<comment># Get string length</comment>
+octave> <mark>length(gd)</mark>
+ans = 7
+
+<comment># Reverse the string</comment>
+octave> <mark>fliplr(gd)</mark>
+ans = adraDoG
+
+<comment># Convert to uppercase</comment>
+octave> <mark>toupper(gd)</mark>
+ans = GODARDA
+
+<comment># Convert to lowercase</comment>
+octave> <mark>tolower(gd)</mark>
+ans = godarda
+
+<comment># Sort characters in the string</comment>
+octave> <mark>sort(gd)</mark>
+ans = DGaador
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/octave/index.html b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/index.html
similarity index 95%
rename from pages/learn/octave/index.html
rename to pages/learn/cluster/octave/index.html
index c93376d..bc71110 100644
--- a/pages/learn/octave/index.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cluster/octave/index.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-permalink: octave/
+permalink: cluster/octave/
 title: GNU Octave
 description: Discover GNU Octave, an open-source programming language primarily intended for numerical computations. Learn the essentials of matrix operations, data visualization, and algorithm development.
 ---
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">How to install Octave on Ubuntu</div>
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>su</mark>
-Password: 
+Password:
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark>apt install octave</mark>
 ...
 
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@
 For more information, visit https://www.octave.org/get-involved.html
 
 Read https://www.octave.org/bugs.html to learn how to submit bug reports.
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdadbwe.html b/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdadbwe.html
index 163c0af..8bd0495 100644
--- a/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdadbwe.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdadbwe.html
@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runcpp }}
-12
-godarda@gd:~$ 
+7
+7
+godarda@gd:~$
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="codecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
@@ -35,6 +36,6 @@
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runcpp }}
-12
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+7
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdarayv.html b/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdarayv.html
index e841c49..c67d9ab 100644
--- a/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdarayv.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdarayv.html
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Enter the string GoDarda
 
-The reverse string is wodniWgnidoK
+The reverse string is adraDoG
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdecfeo.html b/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdecfeo.html
index b62f759..7eba678 100644
--- a/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdecfeo.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdecfeo.html
@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Program to reverse a given string
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter the string KODINGWINDOW
+Enter the string GoDarda
 
-The reverse string is WODNIWGNIDOK
+The reverse string is adraDoG
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
+godarda@gd:~$
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="codecard">C++ program to reverse a given string by swapping characters</div>
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Program to reverse a given string
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter the string KODINGWINDOW
+Enter the string GoDarda
 
-The reverse string is WODNIWGNIDOK
+The reverse string is adraDoG
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdywzwa.html b/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdywzwa.html
index 3489a2d..fe1d045 100644
--- a/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdywzwa.html
+++ b/pages/learn/cpp/strings/gdywzwa.html
@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Program to reverse a given string
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter the string KODINGWINDOW
+Enter the string GoDarda
 
-The reverse string is WODNIWGNIDOK
+The reverse string is adraDoG
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gddoika.html b/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gddoika.html
index 6941b77..e61f0e9 100644
--- a/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gddoika.html
+++ b/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gddoika.html
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Program to find the length of a given string
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter the string KODINGWINDOW
+Enter the string GoDarda
 
-Length of string is 12
+Length of string is 7
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~/csharp$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~/csharp$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdgicda.html b/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdgicda.html
index 2aafcbc..f95fd43 100644
--- a/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdgicda.html
+++ b/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdgicda.html
@@ -6,20 +6,20 @@
 <div class="codecard">Example 1: {{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="card">{{ site.csfile }}</div>
 <pre class="code">{%- highlight csharp -%}
-string s = "KODINGWINDOW";
+string s = "GoDarda";
 Console.WriteLine(s.Reverse().ToArray());
 {%- endhighlight -%}</pre>
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runcs }}
-WODNIWGNIDOK
-godarda@gd:~/csharp$ 
+adraDoG
+godarda@gd:~/csharp$
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="codecard">Example 2: {{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="card">{{ site.csfile }}</div>
 <pre class="code">{%- highlight csharp -%}
-string s = "KODINGWINDOW";
+string s = "GoDarda";
 char[] arr = s.ToCharArray();
 Array.Reverse(arr);
 Console.WriteLine(arr);
@@ -27,15 +27,15 @@
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runcs }}
-WODNIWGNIDOK
-godarda@gd:~/csharp$ 
+adraDoG
+godarda@gd:~/csharp$
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="codecard">Example 3: {{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="card">{{ site.csfile }}</div>
 <pre class="code">{%- highlight csharp -%}
 string r = "", s;
-s = "KODINGWINDOW";
+s = "GoDarda";
 int len = s.Length - 1;
 while (len >= 0)
 {
@@ -47,6 +47,6 @@
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runcs }}
-WODNIWGNIDOK
-godarda@gd:~/csharp$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+adraDoG
+godarda@gd:~/csharp$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdqdfzd.html b/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdqdfzd.html
index 53bc728..01d5ca7 100644
--- a/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdqdfzd.html
+++ b/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdqdfzd.html
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runcs }}
-KODINGWINDOW
-godarda@gd:~/csharp$ 
+GODARDA
+godarda@gd:~/csharp$
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="codecard">C# program to convert lowercase to an uppercase string using ASCII values</div>
@@ -33,6 +33,6 @@
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runcs }}
-KODINGWINDOW
-godarda@gd:~/csharp$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+GODARDA
+godarda@gd:~/csharp$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdywhul.html b/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdywhul.html
index ed07b82..49d5c44 100644
--- a/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdywhul.html
+++ b/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdywhul.html
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
 <div class="codecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="card">{{ site.csfile }}</div>
 <pre class="code">{%- highlight csharp -%}
-string s1 ="Koding";
-string s2 = "window";
+string s1 = "Go";
+string s2 = "Darda";
 
 Console.WriteLine(String.Concat(s1, s2));
 Console.WriteLine(s1+s2);
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runcs }}
-kodigwindow
-kodigwindow
-godarda@gd:~/csharp$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+GoDarda
+GoDarda
+godarda@gd:~/csharp$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdyyeee.html b/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdyyeee.html
index 345fd9f..23683ab 100644
--- a/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdyyeee.html
+++ b/pages/learn/csharp/strings/gdyyeee.html
@@ -6,20 +6,20 @@
 <div class="codecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="card">{{ site.csfile }}</div>
 <pre class="code">{%- highlight csharp -%}
-string s = "KODIGWINDOW";
+string s = "GODARDA";
 Console.WriteLine(s.ToLower());
 {%- endhighlight -%}</pre>
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runcs }}
-kodigwindow
-godarda@gd:~/csharp$ 
+godarda
+godarda@gd:~/csharp$
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="codecard">C# program to convert uppercase to a lowercase string using ASCII values</div>
 <div class="card">{{ site.csfile }}</div>
 <pre class="code">{%- highlight csharp -%}
-string s1 = "KODIGWINDOW";
+string s1 = "GODARDA";
 string s2 = "";
 for (int i = 0; i < s1.Length; i++)
 {
@@ -33,6 +33,6 @@
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runcs }}
-kodigwindow
-godarda@gd:~/csharp$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda
+godarda@gd:~/csharp$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/ds/visualization/gdleovy.html b/pages/learn/ds/visualization/gdleovy.html
index ad3f245..67b6645 100644
--- a/pages/learn/ds/visualization/gdleovy.html
+++ b/pages/learn/ds/visualization/gdleovy.html
@@ -36,5 +36,5 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runpy }}
 
-<img src="pages/ds/images/gdgmvzw.png">
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+<img src="pages/learn/ds/images/gdgmvzw.png">
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/fsharp/controls/index.html b/pages/learn/fsharp/controls/index.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 08aa53e..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/fsharp/controls/index.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: fsharp/controls/
-title: F# Control Statements
----
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/index.html b/pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/index.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 710f37c..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/fsharp/fundamentals/index.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: fsharp/fundamentals/
-title: F# Fundamentals
----
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/index.html b/pages/learn/index.html
index a425984..08e4beb 100644
--- a/pages/learn/index.html
+++ b/pages/learn/index.html
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 description: "Welcome to GoDarda, your ultimate destination for programming. Our mission is to inspire learners by providing a comprehensive and pragmatic approach to programming and making them realize their unfathomable potential."
 ---
 
-{%- include search.html -%}
 <div class="row">
     {%- assign learn_data = site.data.learn.learn -%}
     {%- for segment in learn_data.segments -%}
@@ -12,4 +11,4 @@
         <a href="{{ segment.url }}"><div class="{{ segment.url | split: '/' }} procard">{{ segment.title }}</div></a>
     </div>
     {%- endfor -%}
-</div>
\ No newline at end of file
+</div>
diff --git a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdamhed.html b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdamhed.html
index 9c922ec..75132b7 100644
--- a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdamhed.html
+++ b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdamhed.html
@@ -9,17 +9,17 @@
 import java.awt.*;
 import java.awt.event.*;
 import java.awt.geom.*;
-class GD extends Frame 
+class GD extends Frame
 {
     Shape circle=new Ellipse2D.Float(100.0f,100.0f,100.0f,100.0f);
-    public void paint(Graphics g) 
+    public void paint(Graphics g)
     {
         Graphics2D ga=(Graphics2D)g;
         ga.draw(circle);
         ga.setPaint(Color.blue);
         ga.fill(circle);
     }
-    public static void main(String args[]) 
+    public static void main(String args[])
     {
         Frame frame=new GD();
         frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
@@ -38,5 +38,5 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runjava }}
 
-<img src="pages/java/images/gdylzyf.png" loading="lazy">
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+<img src="pages/learn/java/images/gdylzyf.png" loading="lazy">
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdixzwy.html b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdixzwy.html
index 0495400..308def6 100644
--- a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdixzwy.html
+++ b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdixzwy.html
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runjava }}
 
-<img src="pages/java/images/gdieelg.png" loading="lazy">
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+<img src="pages/learn/java/images/gdieelg.png" loading="lazy">
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdpgzzw.html b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdpgzzw.html
index 8e69676..faa240b 100644
--- a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdpgzzw.html
+++ b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdpgzzw.html
@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@
 {
     Stroke s=new BasicStroke(5);
     QuadCurve2D curve=new QuadCurve2D.Double(320,50,200,500,50,50);
-    public void paint(Graphics g) 
+    public void paint(Graphics g)
     {
         Graphics2D ga=(Graphics2D)g;
         ga.setStroke(s);
         ga.setPaint(Color.blue);
         ga.draw(curve);
     }
-    public static void main(String args[]) 
+    public static void main(String args[])
     {
         Frame frame=new GD();
         frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
@@ -39,5 +39,5 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runjava }}
 
-<img src="pages/java/images/gdnwxdq.png" loading="lazy">
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+<img src="pages/learn/java/images/gdnwxdq.png" loading="lazy">
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdqoivp.html b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdqoivp.html
index a332529..1608275 100644
--- a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdqoivp.html
+++ b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdqoivp.html
@@ -31,5 +31,5 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runjava }}
 
-<img src="pages/java/images/gdkwlzw.png" loading="lazy">
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+<img src="pages/learn/java/images/gdkwlzw.png" loading="lazy">
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdyvqli.html b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdyvqli.html
index b12f47b..505eaac 100644
--- a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdyvqli.html
+++ b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdyvqli.html
@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@
 class GD extends Frame
 {
     Line2D line=new Line2D.Double(0,0,200,200);
-    public void paint(Graphics g) 
+    public void paint(Graphics g)
     {
         Graphics2D ga=(Graphics2D)g;
         ga.setPaint(Color.blue);
         ga.draw(line);
     }
-    public static void main(String args[]) 
+    public static void main(String args[])
     {
         Frame frame=new GD();
         frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
@@ -37,5 +37,5 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runjava }}
 
-<img src="pages/java/images/gdyqata.png" loading="lazy">
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+<img src="pages/learn/java/images/gdyqata.png" loading="lazy">
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdzwhgg.html b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdzwhgg.html
index 2197585..dbe9001 100644
--- a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdzwhgg.html
+++ b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdzwhgg.html
@@ -22,5 +22,5 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runjava }}
 
-<img src="pages/java/images/gdzdxod.png" loading="lazy">
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+<img src="pages/learn/java/images/gdzdxod.png" loading="lazy">
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdzyehx.html b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdzyehx.html
index e1c7735..a184939 100644
--- a/pages/learn/java/awt/gdzyehx.html
+++ b/pages/learn/java/awt/gdzyehx.html
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@
 import java.awt.*;
 import java.awt.event.*;
 import java.awt.geom.*;
-class GD extends Frame 
+class GD extends Frame
 {
     Rectangle2D rectangle=new Rectangle2D.Double(50,50,120,80);
-    public void paint(Graphics g) 
+    public void paint(Graphics g)
     {
         Graphics2D ga=(Graphics2D)g;
         ga.draw(rectangle);
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
         ga.fill(rectangle);
         ga.fill(rectangle);
     }
-    public static void main(String args[]) 
+    public static void main(String args[])
     {
         Frame frame=new GD();
         frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
@@ -39,5 +39,5 @@
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runjava }}
 
-<img src="pages/java/images/gdekyzv.png" loading="lazy">
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+<img src="pages/learn/java/images/gdekyzv.png" loading="lazy">
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/java/jdbc/gdbylyk.html b/pages/learn/java/jdbc/gdbylyk.html
index 7f29e2d..a38c7e5 100644
--- a/pages/learn/java/jdbc/gdbylyk.html
+++ b/pages/learn/java/jdbc/gdbylyk.html
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 <div class="board"><div class="boardtitle">Objective and Prerequisites</div>
     <p><b>Objective: </b>This segment introduces CRUD (create, read, update, and delete) operations in MySQL table using Java.<br><br>
-    <b>Prerequisites: </b>MySQL setup is installed and running in the background. Also, the project has been developed and executed in Eclipse IDE (Integrated Development Environment). 
+    <b>Prerequisites: </b>MySQL setup is installed and running in the background. Also, the project has been developed and executed in Eclipse IDE (Integrated Development Environment).
     <br><br>To run the following program, you need to download the <a href="{{ site.data.url.gdamwnw }}" target="_blank" class="hlink">Download JDBC driver</a> jar file. Once downloaded, you can import the library by right-clicking on your project in Eclipse -> Properties -> Java Build Path -> Libraries -> Add External JARs...</p>
 </div>
 
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
     static String city="";
     static Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
     static DataStoreHelper dsh = new DataStoreHelper();
-    
+
     public Employee(String empid, String fname, String lname, String mob, String designation, double salary, String city)
     {
         Employee.empid=empid;
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
         Employee.salary=salary;
         Employee.city=city;
     }
-    
+
     public static String empid()
     {
         String alphabets = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
         System.out.println("\nGenerated Employee ID " + empid);
         return empid;
     }
-    
+
     static String mobile()
     {
         System.out.print("\nEnter Mobile Number ");
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
         }
         return mob;
     }
-    
+
     static String select_desig()
     {
         do
@@ -124,11 +124,11 @@
                 default:
                     System.out.println("\nWrong Choice Entered... Please Try Again");
             }
-            
+
         } while (ch!=1&ch!=2&ch!=3&ch!=4);
         return designation;
     }
-    
+
     static String city()
     {
         String regex = "^[a-zA-Z]+$";
@@ -145,13 +145,13 @@
         }
         return city;
     }
-    
+
     static String firstname()
     {
         String regex = "^[a-zA-Z]+$";
         System.out.print("\nEnter First Name ");
         fname=sc.next();
-        
+
         if(fname.matches(regex)&&fname.length()>=2)
         {
             System.out.println("FirstName is Accepted");
@@ -163,13 +163,13 @@
         }
         return fname;
     }
-    
+
     static String lastname()
     {
         String regex = "^[a-zA-Z]+$";
         System.out.print("\nEnter Last Name ");
         lname=sc.next();
-        
+
         if(lname.matches(regex)&&lname.length()>=2)
         {
             System.out.println("LastName is Accepted");
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
         }
         return lname;
     }
-    
+
     public static void mainMenu() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException, IOException
     {
         do
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@
                 System.out.println("\nWrong Choice Entered... Please Try Again");
                 mainMenu();
             }
-            
+
             switch(ch)
             {
                 case 1:
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@
                     String uname=sc.next();
                     System.out.print("\nEnter Password ");
                     String password=sc.next();
-                    
+
                     if(uname.equalsIgnoreCase("admin")&&password.equalsIgnoreCase("admin"))
                     {
                         do
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@
                                     System.out.println("\nWrong Choice Entered... Please Try Again");
                             }
                         } while (ch!=4);
-                        
+
                     }
                     else
                     {
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@
                 case 2:
                     System.out.print("\nEnter Employee ID ");
                     String emp=sc.next();
-                    
+
                     if(emp.equals(empid))
                     {
                         do
@@ -317,17 +317,17 @@
                     break;
                 case 3:
                     empid();
-                    
+
                     firstname();
-                    
+
                     lastname();
-                    
+
                     mobile();
-                    
+
                     select_desig();
-                    
+
                     city();
-                    
+
                     Employee e = new Employee(empid,fname,lname,mob,designation,salary,city);
                     try
                     {
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@
                     {
                         System.out.println(ex);
                     }
-                    
+
                     break;
                 case 4:
                     System.exit(0);
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@
         {
             con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/data","root", "godarda");
             System.out.println("Connection Established");
-            
+
         }
         catch (SQLException e)
         {
@@ -372,14 +372,14 @@
             e.printStackTrace();
             return;
         }
-        
+
         Statement st=con.createStatement();
         //st.executeUpdate("DROP TABLE EMPLOYEES");
         st.executeUpdate("CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEES(EMPID VARCHAR(11) PRIMARY KEY,FNAME VARCHAR(20),LNAME VARCHAR(20),MOB INT(10),DESIGNATION VARCHAR(20), SALARY INT(20), CITY VARCHAR(15))");
         System.out.println("Employees Table Created Successfully");
         mainMenu();
     }
-    
+
 }
 {%- endhighlight -%}</pre>
 
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@
         st.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO EMPLOYEES VALUES('"+Employee.empid+"','"+Employee.fname+"','"+Employee.lname+"','"+Employee.mob+"','"+Employee.designation+"','"+Employee.salary+"','"+Employee.city+"')");
         System.out.println("\nValues Inserted Successfully");
     }
-    
+
     public void viewEmployee(String empid) throws ClassNotFoundException, IOException
     {
         System.out.println("________________________________");
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@
         }
         System.out.println("________________________________\n");
     }
-    
+
     public void viewAllEmployee(String empid) throws ClassNotFoundException, IOException
     {
         int count=0;
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@
         }
         System.out.println("Record Updated Successfully");
     }
-    
+
     public void updateEmployeeDesig(String empid, String designation) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException, IOException
     {
         Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/data","root", "godarda");
@@ -514,6 +514,6 @@
 
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
 <span><pre>
-<img src="pages/java/images/gdloeob.png" loading="lazy"><br>
-<img src="pages/java/images/gdzpwav.png" loading="lazy">
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+<img src="pages/learn/java/images/gdloeob.png" loading="lazy"><br>
+<img src="pages/learn/java/images/gdzpwav.png" loading="lazy">
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/java/strings/gdhzaue.html b/pages/learn/java/strings/gdhzaue.html
index 7b8d3a1..bdcb2a5 100644
--- a/pages/learn/java/strings/gdhzaue.html
+++ b/pages/learn/java/strings/gdhzaue.html
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@
         Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
         System.out.print("Enter any string ");
         s=sc.nextLine();
-        
+
         s=s.replaceAll("[^\\p{ASCII}]","");
         System.out.print("\nKeyboard characters "+s);
-        
+
         int count=0;
-        char[] ch=s.toCharArray(); 
+        char[] ch=s.toCharArray();
         for(int i=0;i<ch.length;i++)
         {
             for(int j=0;j<singlehole.length;j++)
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
                     count+=1;
                 }
             }
-            
+
             for(int j=0;j<doublehole.length;j++)
             {
                 if(ch[i]==doublehole[j])
@@ -63,24 +63,24 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Program to find number of holes in a string
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter any string KODINGWINDOW
+Enter any string GoDarda
 
-Keyboard characters KODINGWINDOW
+Keyboard characters GoDarda
 
-Number of holes in keyboard characters 4
+Number of holes in keyboard characters 5
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 
 godarda@gd:~$ java GD
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Program to find number of holes in a string
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter any string 编码合作WINDOW
+Enter any string 编码合作GoDarda
 
-Keyboard characters WINDOW
+Keyboard characters GoDarda
 
-Number of holes in keyboard characters 2
+Number of holes in keyboard characters 5
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
+godarda@gd:~$
 
 //Removed non-ASCII characters
 </pre></span>
@@ -102,14 +102,14 @@
         s=sc.nextLine();
 
         int count=0,holes=0;
-        for(int i=0;i<s.length();i++) 
+        for(int i=0;i<s.length();i++)
         {
             if(s.charAt(i)==('0')||s.charAt(i)==('4')||s.charAt(i)==('6')||s.charAt(i)==('9'))
             {
                 count++;
                 holes=1;
                 System.out.println("Hole in  "+s.charAt(i)+" - "+holes);
-            }               
+            }
             else if(s.charAt(i)==('8'))
             {
                 count+=2;
@@ -147,5 +147,5 @@
 
 Total number of holes in given number is 6
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/java/strings/gdlggbd.html b/pages/learn/java/strings/gdlggbd.html
index 87643c9..25df082 100644
--- a/pages/learn/java/strings/gdlggbd.html
+++ b/pages/learn/java/strings/gdlggbd.html
@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@
 {
     public static void main(String args[])
     {
-        String s = "KODINGWINDOW";
+        String s = "GoDarda";
         int length=0;
         for(char c: s.toCharArray())
         {
-            length++;    
-        } 
-        System.out.println("Length of a string is: "+length);  
+            length++;
+        }
+        System.out.println("Length of a string is: "+length);
     }
 }
 {%- endhighlight -%}</pre>
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@
 {
     public static void main(String args[])
     {
-        String s = "KODINGWINDOW\0";
+        String s = "GoDarda\0";
         int length=0;
         for(int i=0; s.charAt(i)!='\0';i++)
         {
-            length++;    
-        } 
-        System.out.println("Length of a string is: "+length);  
+            length++;
+        }
+        System.out.println("Length of a string is: "+length);
     }
 }
 {%- endhighlight -%}</pre>
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@
 {
     public static void main(String args[])
     {
-        String s1="KODINGWINDOW";
+        String s1="GoDarda";
         int length=0;
         for(String s2:s1.split(""))
         {
             length++;
         }
-        System.out.println("Length of a string is: "+length);  
+        System.out.println("Length of a string is: "+length);
     }
 }
 {%- endhighlight -%}</pre>
@@ -62,21 +62,21 @@
 {
     public static void main(String args[])
     {
-        String s="KODINGWINDOW";
+        String s="GoDarda";
         int length=0;
         CharacterIterator it=new StringCharacterIterator(s);
-        while(it.current()!=CharacterIterator.DONE) 
+        while(it.current()!=CharacterIterator.DONE)
         {
             it.next();
             length++;
         }
-        System.out.println("Length of a string is: "+length);  
+        System.out.println("Length of a string is: "+length);
     }
 }
 {%- endhighlight -%}</pre>
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runjava }}
-Length of a string is: 12
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+Length of a string is: 7
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/java/strings/gdrmyed.html b/pages/learn/java/strings/gdrmyed.html
index 2a03d7e..ccbe365 100644
--- a/pages/learn/java/strings/gdrmyed.html
+++ b/pages/learn/java/strings/gdrmyed.html
@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Program to find unique characters
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter the string KODINGWINDOW
+Enter the string GoDarda
 
-Unique characters KODINGW
+Unique characters GoDard
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
+godarda@gd:~$
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="codecard">Example 2: {{ page.title }}</div>
@@ -80,15 +80,13 @@
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
 Program to find unique characters
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-Enter the string KODINGWINDOW
+Enter the string GoDarda
 
+Unique character A
 Unique character D
 Unique character G
-Unique character I
-Unique character K
-Unique character N
 Unique character O
-Unique character W
+Unique character R
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/java/strings/gdvdkzc.html b/pages/learn/java/strings/gdvdkzc.html
index d81e40e..8ccc2a7 100644
--- a/pages/learn/java/strings/gdvdkzc.html
+++ b/pages/learn/java/strings/gdvdkzc.html
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 
 The length of (Hello, World!) = 13
 ———————————————————————————————————————————
-godarda@gd:~$ 
+godarda@gd:~$
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="codecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
@@ -47,19 +47,19 @@
 {
     public static void main(String args[])
     {
-        String s1="KODINGWINDOW";
+        String s1="GoDarda";
         int length=0;
         for(String s2:s1.split(""))
         {
             length++;
         }
-        System.out.println("Length of a string is: "+length);  
+        System.out.println("Length of a string is: "+length);
     }
 }
 {%- endhighlight -%}</pre>
 <div class="card">{{ site.output }}</div>
 <span><pre>
 {{ site.runjava }}
-Length of a string is: 12
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+Length of a string is: 7
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/java/strings/gdygaza.html b/pages/learn/java/strings/gdygaza.html
index 6bab28b..1cc941f 100644
--- a/pages/learn/java/strings/gdygaza.html
+++ b/pages/learn/java/strings/gdygaza.html
@@ -6,16 +6,16 @@
 <div class="codecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="card">{{ site.javafile }}</div>
 <pre class="code">{%- highlight java -%}
-class GD 
+class GD
 {
     @SuppressWarnings("preview")
-    public static void main(String[] args) 
+    public static void main(String[] args)
     {
         String s1 = """
                 Welcome
                 to
                 GoDarda""";
-        String s2 = "Welcome\nto\nKodingWindow";
+        String s2 = "Welcome\nto\nGoDarda";
         System.out.println(s1);     //text block string
         System.out.println("———————————————————————");
         System.out.println(s2);     //normal string
@@ -38,5 +38,5 @@
 ———————————————————————
 true
 true
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/julia/fundamentals/gdadvew.html b/pages/learn/julia/fundamentals/gdadvew.html
index e189723..cd511f7 100644
--- a/pages/learn/julia/fundamentals/gdadvew.html
+++ b/pages/learn/julia/fundamentals/gdadvew.html
@@ -5,54 +5,77 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Exponents</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># e raised to the power of 0</comment>
 julia> <mark>exp(0)</mark>
 1.0
 
+<comment># e raised to the power of 0 minus 1</comment>
 julia> <mark>expm1(0)</mark>
 0.0
 
+<comment># Exponential function e^x</comment>
 julia> <mark>exp(1)</mark>
 2.718281828459045
 
+<comment># e raised to the power of 1 minus 1</comment>
 julia> <mark>expm1(1)</mark>
 1.7182818284590453
 
+<comment># e raised to the power of 2</comment>
 julia> <mark>exp(2)</mark>
 7.38905609893065
 
+<comment># e raised to the power of 2 minus 1</comment>
 julia> <mark>expm1(2)</mark>
 6.38905609893065
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Logarithms</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Natural logarithm (base e)</comment>
 julia> <mark>log(0)</mark>
 -Inf
 
+<comment># Natural logarithm (base e)</comment>
 julia> <mark>log(2)</mark>
 0.6931471805599453
 
+<comment># Base-10 logarithm</comment>
 julia> <mark>log10(0)</mark>
 -Inf
 
+<comment># Base-10 logarithm</comment>
 julia> <mark>log10(2)</mark>
 0.3010299956639812
 
+<comment># Base-2 logarithm</comment>
 julia> <mark>log2(0)</mark>
 -Inf
 
+<comment># Base-2 logarithm</comment>
 julia> <mark>log2(2)</mark>
 1.0
+
+<comment># Natural logarithm of 1 plus x</comment>
+julia> <mark>log1p(0)</mark>
+0.0
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Square root and Cube root functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Square root</comment>
 julia> <mark>sqrt(100)</mark>
 10.0
 
+<comment># Cube root</comment>
 julia> <mark>cbrt(27)</mark>
 3.0
 
+<comment># Hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle</comment>
+julia> <mark>hypot(3, 4)</mark>
+5.0
+
+<comment># 2 raised to the power of 10</comment>
 julia> <mark>2^10</mark>
 1024
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/julia/fundamentals/gdavgeq.html b/pages/learn/julia/fundamentals/gdavgeq.html
index 2c084a8..39cc49a 100644
--- a/pages/learn/julia/fundamentals/gdavgeq.html
+++ b/pages/learn/julia/fundamentals/gdavgeq.html
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Bitwise OR</comment>
 julia> <mark>1 | 1</mark>
 1
 
@@ -16,7 +17,9 @@
 
 julia> <mark>0 | 0</mark>
 0
-<hr>julia> <mark>true | true</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Logical OR</comment>
+julia> <mark>true | true</mark>
 true
 
 julia> <mark>true | false</mark>
@@ -27,7 +30,9 @@
 
 julia> <mark>false | false</mark>
 false
-<hr>julia> <mark>1 & 1</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Bitwise AND</comment>
+julia> <mark>1 & 1</mark>
 1
 
 julia> <mark>1 & 0</mark>
@@ -38,7 +43,9 @@
 
 julia> <mark>0 & 0</mark>
 0
-<hr>julia> <mark>true & true</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Logical AND</comment>
+julia> <mark>true & true</mark>
 true
 
 julia> <mark>true & false</mark>
@@ -49,7 +56,9 @@
 
 julia> <mark>false & false</mark>
 false
-<hr>julia> <mark>true+true</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Arithmetic operations with booleans</comment>
+julia> <mark>true+true</mark>
 2
 
 julia> <mark>false-true</mark>
@@ -60,7 +69,9 @@
 
 julia> <mark>false-false</mark>
 0
-<hr>julia> <mark>1==1</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Comparison operators</comment>
+julia> <mark>1==1</mark>
 true
 
 julia> <mark>1<1</mark>
@@ -74,7 +85,9 @@
 
 julia> <mark>10//30==1//3</mark>
 true
-<hr>julia> <mark>NaN == NaN</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Special value comparisons</comment>
+julia> <mark>NaN == NaN</mark>
 false
 
 julia> <mark>isequal(NaN, NaN)</mark>
@@ -85,4 +98,4 @@
 
 julia> <mark>isequal(-0.0, 0.0)</mark>
 false
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/julia/fundamentals/gdxkekw.html b/pages/learn/julia/fundamentals/gdxkekw.html
index 5b58a9f..34e7ef6 100644
--- a/pages/learn/julia/fundamentals/gdxkekw.html
+++ b/pages/learn/julia/fundamentals/gdxkekw.html
@@ -7,171 +7,223 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>julia</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Addition</comment>
 julia> <mark>10+20</mark>
 30
 
+<comment># Subtraction</comment>
 julia> <mark>10-20</mark>
 -10
 
+<comment># Multiplication</comment>
 julia> <mark>10*20</mark>
 200
 
+<comment># Division</comment>
 julia> <mark>10/20</mark>
 0.5
 
+<comment># Power</comment>
 julia> <mark>2^10</mark>
 1024
 
+<comment># Modulus</comment>
 julia> <mark>mod(-7,4)</mark>
 1
 
+<comment># Modulus</comment>
 julia> <mark>mod(7,4)</mark>
 3
 
+<comment># Remainder</comment>
 julia> <mark>rem(-7,4)</mark>
 -3
 
+<comment># Remainder</comment>
 julia> <mark>rem(7,4)</mark>
 3
 
+<comment># Integer division</comment>
 julia> <mark>div(-7,4)</mark>
 -1
 
+<comment># Integer division</comment>
 julia> <mark>div(7,4)</mark>
 1
 
+<comment># Division and remainder</comment>
 julia> <mark>divrem(-7,4)</mark>
 (-1, -3)
 
+<comment># Division and remainder</comment>
 julia> <mark>divrem(7,4)</mark>
 (1, 3)
 
+<comment># Rational number</comment>
 julia> <mark>2//3</mark>
 2//3
 
+<comment># Numerator</comment>
 julia> <mark>numerator(2//3)</mark>
 2
 
+<comment># Denominator</comment>
 julia> <mark>denominator(2//3)</mark>
 3
 
+<comment># Rational number simplification</comment>
 julia> <mark>10//30</mark>
 1//3
 
+<comment># Infinity</comment>
 julia> <mark>Inf</mark>
 Inf
 
+<comment># Not a Number</comment>
 julia> <mark>NaN</mark>
 NaN
 
+<comment># NaN result</comment>
 julia> <mark>Inf*0</mark>
 NaN
 
+<comment># Greatest Common Divisor</comment>
 julia> <mark>gcd(18,21)</mark>
 3
 
+<comment># Least Common Multiple</comment>
 julia> <mark>lcm(24,36)</mark>
 72
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Arithmetic operations on complex numbers</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Complex number addition</comment>
 julia> <mark>complex(4+5im)+complex(2+6im)</mark>
 6 + 11im
-        
+
 julia> <mark>c1=4+5im</mark>
 4 + 5im
 
 julia> <mark>c2=2+6im</mark>
 2 + 6im
 
+<comment># Addition</comment>
 julia> <mark>c1+c2</mark>
 6 + 11im
 
+<comment># Subtraction</comment>
 julia> <mark>c1-c2</mark>
 2 - 1im
 
+<comment># Multiplication</comment>
 julia> <mark>c1*c2</mark>
 -22 + 34im
 
+<comment># Division</comment>
 julia> <mark>c1/c2</mark>
 0.95 - 0.35000000000000003im
 
+<comment># Power</comment>
 julia> <mark>c1^2</mark>
 -9 + 40im
 
+<comment># Multiplication by scalar</comment>
 julia> <mark>10(c1)</mark>
 40 + 50im
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">round(), floor(), ceil() and trunc() functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Round to nearest integer</comment>
 julia> <mark>round(2.3)</mark>
 2.0
 
+<comment># Round to nearest integer</comment>
 julia> <mark>round(2.8)</mark>
 3.0
 
+<comment># Round to nearest integer</comment>
 julia> <mark>round(-2.3)</mark>
 -2.0
 
+<comment># Round to nearest integer</comment>
 julia> <mark>round(-2.8)</mark>
 -3.0
-<hr>julia> <mark>floor(2.3)</mark>
+<hr><comment># Largest integer <= x</comment>
+julia> <mark>floor(2.3)</mark>
 2.0
 
+<comment># Largest integer <= x</comment>
 julia> <mark>floor(2.8)</mark>
 2.0
 
+<comment># Largest integer <= x</comment>
 julia> <mark>floor(-2.3)</mark>
 -3.0
 
+<comment># Largest integer <= x</comment>
 julia> <mark>floor(-2.8)</mark>
 -3.0
-<hr>julia> <mark>ceil(2.3)</mark>
+<hr><comment># Smallest integer >= x</comment>
+julia> <mark>ceil(2.3)</mark>
 3.0
 
+<comment># Smallest integer >= x</comment>
 julia> <mark>ceil(2.8)</mark>
 3.0
 
+<comment># Smallest integer >= x</comment>
 julia> <mark>ceil(-2.3)</mark>
 -2.0
 
+<comment># Smallest integer >= x</comment>
 julia> <mark>ceil(-2.8)</mark>
 -2.0
-<hr>julia> <mark>trunc(2.3)</mark>
+<hr><comment># Truncate to integer</comment>
+julia> <mark>trunc(2.3)</mark>
 2.0
 
+<comment># Truncate to integer</comment>
 julia> <mark>trunc(2.8)</mark>
 2.0
 
+<comment># Truncate to integer</comment>
 julia> <mark>trunc(-2.3)</mark>
 -2.0
 
+<comment># Truncate to integer</comment>
 julia> <mark>trunc(-2.8)</mark>
--2.0  
+-2.0
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">typeof() function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Type of integer</comment>
 julia> <mark>typeof(2)</mark>
 Int64
 
+<comment># Type of float</comment>
 julia> <mark>typeof(2.3)</mark>
 Float64
 
+<comment># Type of integer</comment>
 julia> <mark>typeof(-1)</mark>
 Int64
 
+<comment># Type of unsigned integer</comment>
 julia> <mark>typeof(0x02)</mark>
 UInt8
 
+<comment># Type of irrational number</comment>
 julia> <mark>typeof(pi)</mark>
 Irrational{:π}
 
+<comment># Type of infinity</comment>
 julia> <mark>typeof(Inf)</mark>
 Float64
 
+<comment># Type of NaN</comment>
 julia> <mark>typeof(NaN)</mark>
 Float64
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdasgke.html b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdasgke.html
index 8f6c53e..d2c65d4 100644
--- a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdasgke.html
+++ b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdasgke.html
@@ -6,10 +6,12 @@
 <div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">ls command with options</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List files in the current directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
 a.out  GD.class  GD.java  Desktop    Downloads	Pictures  Templates  Weekdays
 gd.c   gd.csv	 gd.py	  Documents  Music	Public	  Videos
 
+<comment># List all files including hidden ones</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls -a</mark>
 .	       gd.csv	  .mozilla	    .ssh
 ..	       GD.java	  Music		    .sudo_as_admin_successful
@@ -21,6 +23,7 @@
 gd.c	       .keras	  .Rhistory
 GD.class       .local	  .rstudio-desktop
 
+<comment># List almost all files (excluding . and ..)</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls -A</mark>
 a.out	       gd.csv	  .keras    .python_history	       .theano
 .bash_history  GD.java	  .local    .r			       Videos
@@ -30,6 +33,7 @@
 gd.c	       Downloads  .pki	    .sudo_as_admin_successful
 GD.class       .gnupg	  Public    Templates
 
+<comment># List one file per line</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls -1</mark>
 a.out
 gd.c
@@ -46,11 +50,12 @@
 Templates
 Videos
 Weekdays
-godarda@gd:~$ 
+godarda@gd:~$
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Display the permissions of files/directories</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List files in long format</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls -l</mark>
 total 72
 -rwxr-xr-x 1 godarda godarda 13968 May 16  2019 a.out
@@ -72,6 +77,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Display the inode (index number) of files/directories</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List files with inode numbers in long format</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls -li</mark>
 total 72
 3408466 -rwxr-xr-x 1 godarda godarda 13968 May 16  2019 a.out
@@ -90,6 +96,7 @@
 3407947 drwxr-xr-x 2 godarda godarda  4096 Jun  4 20:38 Videos
 3408355 -rw-rw-r-- 1 godarda godarda    84 May 31 11:23 Weekdays
 
+<comment># List files with inode numbers</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls -i</mark>
 3408466 a.out	  3413037 GD.java    3407941 Downloads	3407942 Templates
 3408372 gd.c	  3419358 gd.py      3407945 Music	3407947 Videos
@@ -99,6 +106,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Explore the ls command with man page(s)</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Display manual page for ls</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>man ls</mark>
 
 LS(1)                            User Commands                           LS(1)
@@ -140,6 +148,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Explore the ls command with info page(s)</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Display info page for ls</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>info ls</mark>
 
 Next: dir invocation,  Up: Directory listing
@@ -162,6 +171,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Explore the ls command with help option(s)</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Display help message</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls --help</mark>
 Usage: ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
 List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
@@ -177,4 +187,4 @@
   -B, --ignore-backups       do not list implied entries ending with ~
 
 ...
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdaznye.html b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdaznye.html
index e4f6ffa..6fdfa7d 100644
--- a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdaznye.html
+++ b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdaznye.html
@@ -6,19 +6,25 @@
 <div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">mkdir command with options</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List files in current directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
 a.out  gd.cpp   gd.py    Documents  Music     Public     Videos
 gd.c   GD.java  Desktop  Downloads  Pictures  Templates  Weekdays
 
+<comment># Print working directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>pwd</mark>
 /home/godarda
 
+<comment># Create a new directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mkdir Linux</mark>
+<comment># Change directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cd Linux/</mark>
 
 godarda@gd:~/Linux$ <mark>pwd</mark>
 /home/godarda/Linux
-<hr>godarda@gd:~/Linux$ <mark>ls</mark>
+<hr>
+godarda@gd:~/Linux$ <mark>ls</mark>
+<comment># Create nested directories (parent directories)</comment>
 godarda@gd:~/Linux$ <mark>mkdir -p Flavours/{Ubuntu/{Ubuntu_18.04,Ubuntu_20.04},Fedora/{Fedora_31,Fedora_32}}</mark>
 godarda@gd:~/Linux$ <mark>ls</mark>
 Flavours
@@ -27,10 +33,12 @@
 godarda@gd:~/Linux/Flavours/Ubuntu$ <mark>ls</mark>
 Ubuntu_18.04  Ubuntu_20.04
 
+<comment># Go up one directory level</comment>
 godarda@gd:~/Linux/Flavours/Ubuntu$ <mark>cd ..</mark>
 godarda@gd:~/Linux/Flavours$ <mark>ls</mark>
 Fedora  Ubuntu
 
+<comment># Create directory with specific permissions</comment>
 godarda@gd:~/Linux/Flavours$ <mark>mkdir -m a=r KaliLinux</mark>
 godarda@gd:~/Linux/Flavours$ <mark>ls</mark>
 Fedora  KaliLinux  Ubuntu
@@ -41,6 +49,7 @@
 dr--r--r-- 2 godarda godarda 4096 Jun 13 12:04 KaliLinux
 drwxrwxr-x 4 godarda godarda 4096 Jun 13 12:03 Ubuntu
 
+<comment># Create directories with verbose output</comment>
 godarda@gd:~/Linux/Flavours$ <mark>mkdir -v CentOS LinuxMint</mark>
 mkdir: created directory 'CentOS'
 mkdir: created directory 'LinuxMint'
@@ -51,24 +60,28 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">rmdir command with options</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Remove an empty directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~/Linux/Flavours$ <mark>rmdir CentOS/</mark>
 godarda@gd:~/Linux/Flavours$ <mark>ls</mark>
 Fedora  KaliLinux  LinuxMint  Ubuntu
 
+<comment># Remove a directory recursively</comment>
 godarda@gd:~/Linux/Flavours$ <mark>rm -r KaliLinux/</mark>
 rm: remove write-protected directory 'KaliLinux/'? y
 
 godarda@gd:~/Linux/Flavours$ <mark>ls</mark>
 Fedora LinuxMint Ubuntu
 
+<comment># Return to home directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~/Linux/Flavours$ <mark>cd</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
 a.out  gd.cpp   gd.py    Documents  Linux  Pictures  Templates  Weekdays
 gd.c   GD.java  Desktop  Downloads  Music  Public    Videos
 
+<comment># Force remove a directory recursively</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>rm -rf Linux/</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
 a.out  gd.cpp   gd.py    Documents  Music     Public     Videos
 gd.c   GD.java  Desktop  Downloads  Pictures  Templates  Weekdays
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdfyvze.html b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdfyvze.html
index fcab43d..9e38d8a 100644
--- a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdfyvze.html
+++ b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdfyvze.html
@@ -3,34 +3,42 @@
 title: Linux commands to display the logged-in user and information
 ---
 
-<div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div> 
+<div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">who command with options</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Show who is logged on</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>who</mark>
 godarda :0           2020-05-31 10:48 (:0)
 
+<comment># Print effective user ID</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>whoami</mark>
 godarda
 
+<comment># Show all information</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>who -a</mark>
            system boot  2020-05-31 16:15
            run-level 5  2020-05-31 10:46
 godarda ? :0           2020-05-31 10:48   ?          1859 (:0)
 
+<comment># Show time of last system boot</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>who -b</mark>
          system boot  2020-05-31 16:15
 
+<comment># Print heading and list logged in users</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>who -Hu</mark>
 NAME     LINE         TIME             IDLE          PID COMMENT
 godarda :0           2020-05-31 10:48   ?          1859 (:0)
 
+<comment># Count all login names and number of users</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>who -q</mark>
 godarda
 # users=1
 
+<comment># Show user's message status</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>who -T</mark>
 godarda ? :0           2020-05-31 10:48 (:0)
 
+<comment># Display help message</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>who --help</mark>
 Usage: who [OPTION]... [ FILE | ARG1 ARG2 ]
 Print information about users who are currently logged in.
@@ -63,5 +71,5 @@
 GNU coreutils online help: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/
 Full documentation at: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/who
 or available locally via: info '(coreutils) who invocation'
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdgzyzd.html b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdgzyzd.html
index 7e44564..be59749 100644
--- a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdgzyzd.html
+++ b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdgzyzd.html
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 <div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">lscpu command</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Display CPU architecture information</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>lscpu</mark>
 Architecture:             x86_64
   CPU op-mode(s):         32-bit, 64-bit
@@ -30,9 +31,10 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">lshw command</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List hardware configuration</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>lshw</mark>
 WARNING: you should run this program as super-user.
-gd                          
+gd
     description: Computer
     width: 64 bits
     capabilities: smp vsyscall32
@@ -57,6 +59,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">lspci command</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all PCI devices</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>lspci</mark>
 0000:00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Device 9a04 (rev 01)
 0000:00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Tiger Lake-LP GT2 [UHD Graphics G4] (rev 01)
@@ -66,8 +69,9 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Hardware information using cat command</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Show interrupts per CPU</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat /proc/interrupts | head -10</mark>
-            CPU0       CPU1       CPU2       CPU3       
+            CPU0       CPU1       CPU2       CPU3
    1:          0          0       2955          0  IR-IO-APIC    1-edge      i8042
    8:          0          0          0          0  IR-IO-APIC    8-edge      rtc0
    9:          0      10273          0          0  IR-IO-APIC    9-fasteoi   acpi
@@ -77,7 +81,9 @@
   37:          0          0          0          0  IR-IO-APIC   37-fasteoi   idma64.3, pxa2xx-spi.3
   40:          0       1678          0          0  IR-IO-APIC   40-fasteoi   idma64.1, i2c_designware.1
  120:          0          0          0          0  DMAR-MSI    0-edge      dmar0
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat /proc/cpuinfo | head -10</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Show CPU information</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat /proc/cpuinfo | head -10</mark>
 processor   : 0
 vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
 cpu family  : 6
@@ -88,7 +94,9 @@
 cpu MHz     : 1300.127
 cache size  : 6144 KB
 physical id : 0
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat /proc/meminfo | head -10</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Show memory information</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat /proc/meminfo | head -10</mark>
 MemTotal:        7911628 kB
 MemFree:         2623644 kB
 MemAvailable:    4531468 kB
@@ -99,7 +107,9 @@
 Inactive:        2654764 kB
 Active(anon):    1218664 kB
 Inactive(anon):  1305352 kB
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat /proc/zoneinfo | head -10</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Show memory zone information</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat /proc/zoneinfo | head -10</mark>
 Node 0, zone      DMA
   per-node stats
       nr_inactive_anon 326267
@@ -114,16 +124,19 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Commands to display memory information</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Display amount of free and used memory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>free</mark>
                total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
 Mem:         7911628     3369904     2633604      504844     2725544     4541724
 Swap:        4194300      104960     4089340
 
+<comment># Report virtual memory statistics</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>vmstat</mark>
 procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- -------cpu-------
  r  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in   cs us sy id wa st gu
  0  0 104960 2643164  51876 2668680    0   19   503  1955 2596   12  9  3 88  0  0  0
 
+<comment># Report file system disk space usage</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>df</mark>
 Filesystem     1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
 tmpfs             791164     2244    788920   1% /run
@@ -134,7 +147,9 @@
 /dev/nvme0n1p1    262144    63860    198284  25% /boot/efi
 tmpfs             791160     2568    788592   1% /run/user/1000
 
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>lsusb</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># List USB devices</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>lsusb</mark>
 Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
 Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
 Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
@@ -142,7 +157,9 @@
 Bus 003 Device 003: ID 5986:2137 Bison Electronics Inc. Integrated Camera
 Bus 003 Device 004: ID 8087:0aaa Intel Corp. Bluetooth 9460/9560 Jefferson Peak (JfP)
 Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>id</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Print user and group IDs</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>id</mark>
 uid=1000(godarda) gid=1000(godarda) groups=1000(godarda),
 4(adm),24(cdrom),27(sudo),30(dip),46(plugdev),100(users),114(lpadmin)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdnvuaa.html b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdnvuaa.html
index b7a8453..0dc7ee4 100644
--- a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdnvuaa.html
+++ b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdnvuaa.html
@@ -6,16 +6,19 @@
 <div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">touch and cat commands to create the files</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List files in current directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
 a.out  GD.class  GD.java  Desktop    Downloads	Pictures  Templates  Weekdays
 gd.c   gd.csv	 gd.py	  Documents  Music	Public	  Videos
 
+<comment># Create empty files</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>touch Ubuntu.txt Fedora.txt</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
 a.out	  gd.csv   Desktop    Fedora.txt  Public      Videos
 gd.c	  GD.java  Documents  Music	  Templates   Weekdays
 GD.class  gd.py    Downloads  Pictures	  Ubuntu.txt
 
+<comment># Create a file using redirection</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat > KaliLinux</mark>
 ^C
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
@@ -23,6 +26,7 @@
 gd.c	  GD.java  Documents  KaliLinux   Public     Videos
 GD.class  gd.py    Downloads  Music	  Templates  Weekdays
 
+<comment># Determine file type</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>file Fedora.txt gd.c gd.csv</mark>
 Fedora.txt: empty
 gd.c:       C source, ASCII text
@@ -31,6 +35,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">rm command to remove the file(s)</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Remove files</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>rm KaliLinux Weekdays</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
 a.out	  gd.csv   Desktop    Fedora.txt  Public      Videos
@@ -40,7 +45,9 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">rm command with a regular expression to remove multiple files of the same extension</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Remove files with .txt extension</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>rm *.txt</mark>
+<comment># List files one per line</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls -1</mark>
 a.out
 gd.c
@@ -56,5 +63,5 @@
 Public
 Templates
 Videos
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdrrasp.html b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdrrasp.html
index f6ddf37..e4dc9af 100644
--- a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdrrasp.html
+++ b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdrrasp.html
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 <div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">cat and wc commands with options</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Display file content</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat gd.c</mark>
 #include&lt;stdio.h&gt;
 int main()
@@ -15,30 +16,40 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
+<comment># Count bytes in the first line</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>head -1 gd.c | wc -c</mark>
 18
 
+<comment># Count lines, words, and bytes</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>wc gd.c</mark>
  7 10 90 gd.c
 
+<comment># Print byte counts</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>wc -c gd.c</mark>
 90 gd.c
 
+<comment># Print newline counts</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>wc -l gd.c</mark>
 7 gd.c
 
+<comment># Print maximum line length</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>wc -L gd.c</mark>
 30 gd.c
 
+<comment># Print character counts</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>wc -m gd.c</mark>
 90 gd.c
 
+<comment># Print character and word counts</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>wc -mw gd.c</mark>
 10 90 gd.c
 
+<comment># Print word counts</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>wc -w gd.c</mark>
 10 gd.c
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>nl gd.c</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Number lines of file</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>nl gd.c</mark>
      1  #include&lt;stdio.h&gt;
      2  int main()
      3  {
@@ -50,7 +61,9 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">less, more, od, and xxd commands</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># View file content one screen at a time</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>less gd.c</mark>
+<comment># View file content one screen at a time</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>more gd.c</mark>
 #include&lt;stdio.h&gt;
 int main()
@@ -59,7 +72,9 @@
     printf("Hello, World!\n");
     return 0;
 }
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>od gd.c</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Dump file in octal format</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>od gd.c</mark>
 0000000 064443 061556 072554 062544 071474 062164 067551 064056
 0000020 005076 067151 020164 060555 067151 024450 075412 020012
 0000040 020040 063040 071157 024153 035451 020012 020040 070040
@@ -68,9 +83,10 @@
 0000120 072564 067162 030040 005073 005175
 0000132
 
+<comment># Create a hexdump</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>xxd gd.c</mark>
 00000000: 2369 6e63 6c75 6465 3c73 7464 696f 2e68  #include&lt;stdio.h
-00000010: 3e0a 696e 7420 6d61 696e 2829 0a7b 0a20  >.int main().{. 
+00000010: 3e0a 696e 7420 6d61 696e 2829 0a7b 0a20  >.int main().{.
 00000020: 2020 2066 6f72 6b28 293b 0a20 2020 2070     fork();.    p
 00000030: 7269 6e74 6628 2248 656c 6c6f 2c20 576f  rintf("Hello, Wo
 00000040: 726c 6421 5c6e 2229 3b0a 2020 2020 7265  rld!\n");.    re
@@ -79,6 +95,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">cat command with options</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Concatenate and print file content</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat gd.c</mark>
 #include&lt;stdio.h&gt;
 int main()
@@ -88,6 +105,7 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
+<comment># Display $ at end of each line</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat -E gd.c</mark>
 #include&lt;stdio.h&gt;$
 int main()$
@@ -97,6 +115,7 @@
     return 0;$
 }$
 
+<comment># Number all output lines</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat -n gd.c</mark>
      1  #include&lt;stdio.h&gt;
      2  int main()
@@ -106,6 +125,7 @@
      6      return 0;
      7  }
 
+<comment># Number nonempty output lines</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat -b gd.c</mark>
      1  #include&lt;stdio.h&gt;
      2  int main()
@@ -118,6 +138,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">history, tty, stty, mtools commands</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Display command history</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>history | tail -6</mark>
   127  xxd gd.c
   128  cat gd.c
@@ -126,6 +147,7 @@
   131  cat -b gd.c
   132  history | tail -6
 
+<comment># Execute command by history number</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>!132</mark>
 history | tail -6
   128  cat gd.c
@@ -134,18 +156,22 @@
   131  cat -b gd.c
   132  history | tail -6
   133  history | tail -6
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>tty</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Print filename of terminal connected to standard input</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>tty</mark>
 /dev/pts/3
 
+<comment># Change and print terminal line settings</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>stty</mark>
 speed 38400 baud; line = 0;
 -brkint -imaxbel iutf8
 
+<comment># Utilities to access MS-DOS disks</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mtools</mark>
 Supported commands:
 mattrib, mbadblocks, mcat, mcd, mclasserase, mcopy, mdel, mdeltree
 mdir, mdoctorfat, mdu, mformat, minfo, mlabel, mmd, mmount
 mpartition, mrd, mread, mmove, mren, mshowfat, mshortname, mtoolstest
 mtype, mwrite, mzip
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdspezu.html b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdspezu.html
index 695af74..2b4d6cc 100644
--- a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdspezu.html
+++ b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdspezu.html
@@ -6,61 +6,80 @@
 <div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">conversion of text format</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Convert to uppercase</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo 'Hello, World!' | tr "[:lower:]" "[:upper:]"</mark>
 HELLO, WORLD!
 
+<comment># Convert to lowercase</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo 'HeLLo, WORLD!' | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]"</mark>
 hello, world!
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>typeset -l lcase</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Declare lowercase variable</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>typeset -l lcase</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>lcase="Hello, World!"</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo $lcase</mark>
 hello, world!
 
+<comment># Declare uppercase variable</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>typeset -u ucase</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ucase="Hello, World!"</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo $ucase</mark>
 HELLO, WORLD!
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>s1="HeLLo, WORLD!"</mark>
+<hr>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>s1="HeLLo, WORLD!"</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo $s1</mark>
 HeLLo, WORLD!
 
+<comment># Convert to lowercase</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo ${s1,,}</mark>
 hello, world!
 
+<comment># Convert to uppercase</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo ${s1^^}</mark>
 HELLO, WORLD!
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">conversion of number systems</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Convert decimal to octal</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>printf "Octal of 65535 = %o\n" 65535</mark>
 Octal of 65535 = 177777
 
+<comment># Convert decimal to hexadecimal</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>printf "Hexadecimal of 65535 = %x\n" 65535</mark>
 Hexadecimal of 65535 = ffff
 
+<comment># Convert decimal to float</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>printf "Floating point in 65535 = %f\n" 65535</mark>
 Floating point in 65535 = 65535.000000
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>D2B=({0..1}{0..1}{0..1}{0..1}{0..1}{0..1}{0..1}{0..1})</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Convert decimal to binary using array</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>D2B=({0..1}{0..1}{0..1}{0..1}{0..1}{0..1}{0..1}{0..1})</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo "Binary of 255 = "${D2B[255]}</mark>
 Binary of 255 = 11111111
 
+<comment># Convert hexadecimal to decimal</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo "Decimal of 01AE = "$((0x01AE))</mark>
 Decimal of 01AE = 430
 
+<comment># Convert binary to decimal</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo "Decimal of 11111111 = "$((2#11111111))</mark>
 Decimal of 11111111 = 255
 
+<comment># Convert decimal to binary using bc</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo "obase=2;255" | bc</mark>
 11111111
 
+<comment># Convert binary to decimal using bc</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo "ibase=2;11111111" | bc</mark>
 255
 
+<comment># Convert decimal to base 7 using bc</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo "obase=7;255" | bc</mark>
 513
 
+<comment># Convert decimal to hexadecimal using bc</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo "obase=16;255" | bc</mark>
 FF
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdvmazz.html b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdvmazz.html
index 5222e3d..d464e23 100644
--- a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdvmazz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdvmazz.html
@@ -6,36 +6,47 @@
 <div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">uname command with options</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Print system information</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>uname</mark>
 Linux
 
+<comment># Print all system information</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>uname -a</mark>
 Linux gd 6.8.0-31-generic #31-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Sat Apr 20 00:40:06 UTC 2024 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
 
+<comment># Print hardware platform</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>uname -i</mark>
 x86_64
 
+<comment># Print machine hardware name</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>uname -m</mark>
 x86_64
 
+<comment># Print network node hostname</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>uname -n</mark>
 gd
 
+<comment># Print operating system</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>uname -o</mark>
 GNU/Linux
 
+<comment># Print processor type</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>uname -p</mark>
 x86_64
 
+<comment># Print kernel release</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>uname -r</mark>
 6.8.0-31-generic
 
+<comment># Print kernel name</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>uname -s</mark>
 Linux
 
+<comment># Print kernel version</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>uname -v</mark>
 #31-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Sat Apr 20 00:40:06 UTC 2024
 
+<comment># Display help message</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>uname --help</mark>
 Usage: uname [OPTION]...
 Print certain system information.  With no OPTION, same as -s.
@@ -57,6 +68,7 @@
 Full documentation at: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/uname
 or available locally via: info '(coreutils) uname invocation'
 
+<comment># Display version information</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>uname --version</mark>
 uname (GNU coreutils) 9.4
 Copyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -64,9 +76,12 @@
 This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
 There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
 
-Written by David MacKenzie.<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>hostname</mark>
+Written by David MacKenzie.<hr>
+<comment># Show system hostname</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>hostname</mark>
 gd
 
+<comment># Lookup user information</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>finger</mark>
 Login         Name           Tty      Idle  Login Time   Office     Office Phone
 godarda  GoDarda  *:0             May 31 10:48 (:0)
@@ -74,6 +89,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">lsb_release command with options</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Show all distribution information</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>lsb_release -a</mark>
 No LSB modules are available.
 Distributor ID:	Ubuntu
@@ -81,25 +97,31 @@
 Release:	24.04
 Codename:	noble
 
+<comment># Show distribution codename</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>lsb_release -c</mark>
 No LSB modules are available.
 Codename:	noble
 
+<comment># Show distribution description</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>lsb_release -d</mark>
 No LSB modules are available.
 Description:	Ubuntu 24.04 LTS
 
+<comment># Show distributor ID</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>lsb_release -i</mark>
 No LSB modules are available.
 Distributor ID: Ubuntu
 
+<comment># Show distribution release number</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>lsb_release -r</mark>
 No LSB modules are available.
 Release:	24.04
 
+<comment># Show information in short format</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>lsb_release -s</mark>
 No LSB modules are available.
 
+<comment># Display help message</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>lsb_release -h</mark>
 Usage: lsb_release [options]
 
@@ -116,26 +138,32 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">System information using cat command</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Print kernel version</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat /proc/version</mark>
 Linux version 6.8.0-31-generic (buildd@lcy02-amd64-080) (x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-13 (Ubuntu 13.2.0-23ubuntu4) 13.2.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.42) #31-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Sat Apr 20 00:40:06 UTC 2024
 
+<comment># Print kernel details</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat /proc/sys/kernel/{ostype,osrelease,version}</mark>
 Linux
 6.8.0-31-generic
 #31-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Sat Apr 20 00:40:06 UTC 2024
 
+<comment># Print distribution specific information</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat /etc/lsb-release</mark>
 DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
 DISTRIB_RELEASE=24.04
 DISTRIB_CODENAME=noble
 DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 24.04 LTS"
 
+<comment># Print system identification</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat /etc/issue.net</mark>
 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS
 
+<comment># Print Debian version</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat /etc/debian_version</mark>
 trixie/sid
 
+<comment># Print OS identification data</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat /etc/os-release</mark>
 PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 24.04 LTS"
 NAME="Ubuntu"
@@ -150,4 +178,4 @@
 PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
 UBUNTU_CODENAME=noble
 LOGO=ubuntu-logo
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdwoddg.html b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdwoddg.html
index 3f95874..21b9545 100644
--- a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdwoddg.html
+++ b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdwoddg.html
@@ -6,10 +6,13 @@
 <div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">mv command to rename a file</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List files in current directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
 a.out  gd.cpp   gd.py    Documents  Fedora.txt  Pictures  Templates   Videos
 gd.c   GD.java  Desktop  Downloads  Music   Public    Ubuntu.txt  Weekdays
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mv Fedora.txt FEDORA.TXT</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Rename a file</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mv Fedora.txt FEDORA.TXT</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
 a.out  gd.cpp   gd.py    Documents  FEDORA.TXT  Pictures  Templates   Videos
 gd.c   GD.java  Desktop  Downloads  Music   Public    Ubuntu.txt  Weekdays
@@ -17,6 +20,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">cp command to copy a file</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Copy a file to another directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cp FEDORA.TXT /home/godarda/Documents/</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls $cat /home/godarda/Documents/</mark>
 FEDORA.TXT
@@ -24,18 +28,23 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">cp and mv commands to copy and move the files</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Create a new directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mkdir Linux</mark>
+<comment># Create empty files</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>touch Ubuntu.txt Fedora.txt</mark>
+<comment># Copy a file</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cp Ubuntu.txt Fedora.txt</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
 a.out   GD.java  Documents   Linux     Public      Videos
 gd.c    gd.py    Downloads   Music     Templates   Weekdays
 gd.cpp  Desktop  Fedora.txt  Pictures  Ubuntu.txt
 
+<comment># Copy a file into a directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cp Ubuntu.txt /home/godarda/Linux/</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls $cat /home/godarda/Linux/</mark>
 Ubuntu.txt
 
+<comment># Move a file into a directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mv Fedora.txt /home/godarda/Linux/</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls $cat /home/godarda/Linux/</mark>
 Fedora.txt  Ubuntu.txt
@@ -43,7 +52,8 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
 a.out  gd.cpp   gd.py    Documents  Linux  Pictures  Templates   Videos
 gd.c   GD.java  Desktop  Downloads  Music  Public    Ubuntu.txt  Weekdays
+<comment># Change directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cd Linux/</mark>
 godarda@gd:~/Linux$ <mark>ls</mark>
 Fedora.txt  Ubuntu.txt
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdwzqca.html b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdwzqca.html
index c382884..d17bab9 100644
--- a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdwzqca.html
+++ b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdwzqca.html
@@ -6,17 +6,20 @@
 <div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">ps command</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Report a snapshot of current processes</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ps</mark>
     PID TTY          TIME CMD
    3368 pts/0    00:00:00 bash
    3372 pts/0    00:00:00 ps
 
+<comment># View all running processes</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ps -a</mark>
     PID TTY          TIME CMD
    2377 tty2     00:00:08 Xorg
    2417 tty2     00:00:00 gnome-session-b
    3373 pts/0    00:00:00 ps
 
+<comment># View all running processes with user</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ps -aux</mark>
 USER         PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
 root           1  0.5  0.1 167952 11684 ?        Ss   18:24   0:01 /sbin/init sp
@@ -32,12 +35,13 @@
 root        3579  0.0  0.0   9492  3348 ?        S    18:30   0:00 /bin/bash /et
 root        3585  0.0  0.0   8272   776 ?        S    18:30   0:00 flock --nonbl
 root        3586  4.5  0.0   8168  2328 ?        DN   18:30   0:00 /usr/bin/upda
-kodingw+    3587  0.0  0.0  11888  3724 pts/0    R+   18:30   0:00 ps -aux
+godarda     3587  0.0  0.0  11888  3724 pts/0    R+   18:30   0:00 ps -aux
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Extract specific columns</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># View all processes</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ps -e</mark>
     PID TTY          TIME CMD
       1 ?        00:00:02 systemd
@@ -50,6 +54,7 @@
       9 ?        00:00:00 mm_percpu_wq
      10 ?        00:00:00 ksoftirqd/0
 
+<comment># View specific columns</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ps -eo pid,ppid,ni</mark>
     PID    PPID  NI
       1       0   0
@@ -64,31 +69,36 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Sort processes based on column attributes</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Sort processes by user</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ps aux --sort user</mark>
 USER         PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
 avahi        949  0.0  0.0   8808  3676 ?        Ss   18:25   0:00 avahi-daemon:
 avahi       1003  0.0  0.0   8544   356 ?        S    18:25   0:00 avahi-daemon:
-kodingw+    2286  0.0  0.1  19472 10760 ?        Ss   18:26   0:00 /lib/systemd/
-kodingw+    2287  0.0  0.0 169324  3816 ?        S    18:26   0:00 (sd-pam)
-kodingw+    2300  0.0  0.2 2268840 19676 ?       S&lt;sl 18:27   0:00 /usr/bin/puls
-kodingw+    2302  0.0  0.3 511384 24320 ?        SNsl 18:27   0:00 /usr/libexec/
-kodingw+    2305  0.0  0.0   8452  5624 ?        Ss   18:27   0:00 /usr/bin/dbus
-kodingw+    2310  0.0  0.0 240184  7716 ?        Sl   18:27   0:00 /usr/bin/gnom
-kodingw+    2325  0.0  0.0 239696  7820 ?        Ssl  18:27   0:00 /usr/libexec/
+godarda     2286  0.0  0.1  19472 10760 ?        Ss   18:26   0:00 /lib/systemd/
+godarda     2287  0.0  0.0 169324  3816 ?        S    18:26   0:00 (sd-pam)
+godarda     2300  0.0  0.2 2268840 19676 ?       S&lt;sl 18:27   0:00 /usr/bin/puls
+godarda     2302  0.0  0.3 511384 24320 ?        SNsl 18:27   0:00 /usr/libexec/
+godarda     2305  0.0  0.0   8452  5624 ?        Ss   18:27   0:00 /usr/bin/dbus
+godarda     2310  0.0  0.0 240184  7716 ?        Sl   18:27   0:00 /usr/bin/gnom
+godarda     2325  0.0  0.0 239696  7820 ?        Ssl  18:27   0:00 /usr/libexec/
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Extract specific process</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Filter specific process</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ps -aux | grep mysql</mark>
 mysql       1172  1.1  4.4 2120856 352952 ?      Ssl  18:25   0:04 /usr/sbin/mysqld
-kodingw+    3607  0.0  0.0   8900   724 pts/0    S+   18:32   0:00 grep mysql
+godarda     3607  0.0  0.0   8900   724 pts/0    S+   18:32   0:00 grep mysql
 
+<comment># Look up process ID</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>pgrep mysql</mark>
 1172
 
+<comment># List process name and ID</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>pgrep -l mysql</mark>
 1172 mysqld
 
+<comment># View process by ID</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ps -lp 1172</mark>
 F S   UID     PID    PPID  C PRI  NI ADDR SZ WCHAN  TTY          TIME CMD
 4 S   122    1172       1  1  80   0 - 530214 -     ?        00:00:10 mysqld
@@ -96,25 +106,32 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Assign and change the process priority</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Switch to root user</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>su</mark>
-Password: 
+Password:
+<comment># View processes in long format</comment>
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark> ps -l</mark>
 F S   UID     PID    PPID  C PRI  NI ADDR SZ WCHAN  TTY          TIME CMD
 4 S     0    4426    4424  0  80   0 -  2875 do_wai pts/0    00:00:00 su
 4 S     0    4427    4426  0  80   0 -  2546 do_wai pts/0    00:00:00 bash
 4 R     0    4440    4427  0  80   0 -  2849 -      pts/0    00:00:00 ps
+<comment># Print current niceness</comment>
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark> nice</mark>
 0
+<comment># Run program with modified scheduling priority</comment>
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark> nice -n 5 bash</mark>
+<comment># View processes in long format</comment>
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark> ps -l</mark>
 F S   UID     PID    PPID  C PRI  NI ADDR SZ WCHAN  TTY          TIME CMD
 4 S     0    4426    4424  0  80   0 -  2875 do_wai pts/0    00:00:00 su
 4 S     0    4427    4426  0  80   0 -  2546 do_wai pts/0    00:00:00 bash
 0 S     0    4442    4427  0  85   5 -  2545 do_wai pts/0    00:00:00 bash
 4 R     0    4453    4442  0  85   5 -  2849 -      pts/0    00:00:00 ps
+<comment># Alter priority of running process</comment>
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark> renice -0 4442</mark>
 4442 (process ID) old priority 5, new priority 0
 
+<comment># View processes in long format</comment>
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark> ps -l</mark>
 F S   UID     PID    PPID  C PRI  NI ADDR SZ WCHAN  TTY          TIME CMD
 4 S     0    4426    4424  0  80   0 -  2875 do_wai pts/0    00:00:00 su
@@ -123,20 +140,23 @@
 4 R     0    4455    4442  0  80   0 -  2849 -      pts/0    00:00:00 ps
 
 
+<comment># Alter priority of running process</comment>
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark> renice -21 4442</mark>
 4442 (process ID) old priority 0, new priority -20
 
+<comment># View processes in long format</comment>
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark> ps -l</mark>
 F S   UID     PID    PPID  C PRI  NI ADDR SZ WCHAN  TTY          TIME CMD
 4 S     0    4426    4424  0  80   0 -  2875 do_wai pts/0    00:00:00 su
 4 S     0    4427    4426  0  80   0 -  2546 do_wai pts/0    00:00:00 bash
 0 S     0    4442    4427  0  60 -20 -  2545 do_wai pts/0    00:00:00 bash
 4 R     0    4476    4442  0  60 -20 -  2849 -      pts/0    00:00:00 ps
-root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark> 
+root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark>
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">pstree command</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Display a tree of processes</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>pstree</mark>
 systemd─┬─ModemManager───2*[{ModemManager}]
         ├─NetworkManager───2*[{NetworkManager}]
@@ -161,34 +181,35 @@
         │             ├─ibus-engine-sim───2*[{ibus-engine-sim}]
         │             ├─ibus-extension-───3*[{ibus-extension-}]
         │             ├─ibus-ui-gtk3───3*[{ibus-ui-gtk3}]
-...  
+...
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">top command</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Display Linux processes</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>top</mark>
 top - 18:38:14 up 13 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.63, 0.87, 0.87
 Tasks: 224 total,   1 running, 223 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
 %Cpu(s):  4.7 us,  2.0 sy,  0.0 ni, 93.1 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.2 si,  0.0 st
 MiB Mem :   7744.8 total,   4550.7 free,   1583.5 used,   1610.6 buff/cache
-MiB Swap:   3815.0 total,   3815.0 free,      0.0 used.   5675.2 avail Mem 
-
-    PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND  
-   3099 kodingw+  20   0 2987604 367320 170248 S   8.0   4.6   0:40.19 MainThr+ 
-   2377 kodingw+  20   0 1143856  87276  54980 S   7.0   1.1   0:32.62 Xorg     
-   2629 kodingw+  20   0 4488208 257140 101068 S   6.0   3.2   0:40.69 gnome-s+ 
-   3357 kodingw+  20   0  962192  51452  39424 S   3.0   0.6   0:08.14 gnome-t+ 
-   3296 kodingw+  20   0 2684072 250256 153392 S   2.0   3.2   0:18.56 Web Con+ 
-    433 root     -51   0       0      0      0 S   1.0   0.0   0:02.03 irq/87-+ 
-      1 root      20   0  167952  11684   8228 S   0.7   0.1   0:02.50 systemd  
-   1172 mysql     20   0 2120856 352952  33540 S   0.7   4.5   0:08.17 mysqld   
-   2506 kodingw+  20   0  311420   7728   6056 S   0.7   0.1   0:03.57 ibus-da+ 
-   3737 kodingw+  20   0   12168   4240   3444 R   0.7   0.1   0:00.14 top      
-      8 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.3   0.0   0:01.17 kworker+ 
-   2515 kodingw+  20   0  674584  58852  39052 S   0.3   0.7   0:01.86 ibus-ex+ 
-   2592 kodingw+  20   0  162684   7048   6412 S   0.3   0.1   0:00.99 ibus-en+ 
-   3203 kodingw+  20   0 2765492 248912 139908 S   0.3   3.1   1:08.42 Web Con+ 
-   3610 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.3   0.0   0:00.56 kworker+ 
-      2 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kthreadd 
-      3 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 rcu_gp   
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+MiB Swap:   3815.0 total,   3815.0 free,      0.0 used.   5675.2 avail Mem
+
+    PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND
+   3099 godarda   20   0 2987604 367320 170248 S   8.0   4.6   0:40.19 MainThr+
+   2377 godarda   20   0 1143856  87276  54980 S   7.0   1.1   0:32.62 Xorg
+   2629 godarda   20   0 4488208 257140 101068 S   6.0   3.2   0:40.69 gnome-s+
+   3357 godarda   20   0  962192  51452  39424 S   3.0   0.6   0:08.14 gnome-t+
+   3296 godarda   20   0 2684072 250256 153392 S   2.0   3.2   0:18.56 Web Con+
+    433 root     -51   0       0      0      0 S   1.0   0.0   0:02.03 irq/87-+
+      1 root      20   0  167952  11684   8228 S   0.7   0.1   0:02.50 systemd
+   1172 mysql     20   0 2120856 352952  33540 S   0.7   4.5   0:08.17 mysqld
+   2506 godarda   20   0  311420   7728   6056 S   0.7   0.1   0:03.57 ibus-da+
+   3737 godarda   20   0   12168   4240   3444 R   0.7   0.1   0:00.14 top
+      8 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.3   0.0   0:01.17 kworker+
+   2515 godarda   20   0  674584  58852  39052 S   0.3   0.7   0:01.86 ibus-ex+
+   2592 godarda   20   0  162684   7048   6412 S   0.3   0.1   0:00.99 ibus-en+
+   3203 godarda   20   0 2765492 248912 139908 S   0.3   3.1   1:08.42 Web Con+
+   3610 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.3   0.0   0:00.56 kworker+
+      2 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kthreadd
+      3 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 rcu_gp
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdyzygf.html b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdyzygf.html
index 3fbee44..c4fe33a 100644
--- a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdyzygf.html
+++ b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdyzygf.html
@@ -6,15 +6,18 @@
 <div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">sort tsort and grep commands with options</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List files in current directory</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
 a.out  gd.cpp   gd.py    Documents  Music     Public     Videos
 gd.c   GD.java  Desktop  Downloads  Pictures  Templates
 
+<comment># Create a file</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>touch Weekdays</mark>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>ls</mark>
 a.out  gd.cpp   gd.py    Documents  Music     Public     Videos
 gd.c   GD.java  Desktop  Downloads  Pictures  Templates  Weekdays
 
+<comment># Display file content</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat Weekdays</mark>
 Weekdays
 Monday
@@ -28,6 +31,7 @@
 Thursday
 Friday
 
+<comment># Sort lines of text file</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>sort Weekdays</mark>
 Friday
 Friday
@@ -41,6 +45,7 @@
 Wednesday
 Weekdays
 
+<comment># Sort and remove duplicates</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>sort Weekdays | uniq</mark>
 Friday
 Monday
@@ -48,10 +53,13 @@
 Tuesday
 Wednesday
 Weekdays
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>tsort Weekdays</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Perform topological sort</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>tsort Weekdays</mark>
 <error>tsort: Weekdays: input contains an odd number of tokens</error>
 
-godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat Weekdays</mark> 
+<comment># Display file content</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat Weekdays</mark>
 Weekdays
 Monday
 Tuesday
@@ -63,6 +71,7 @@
 Wednesday
 Thursday
 
+<comment># Perform topological sort</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>tsort Weekdays</mark>
 Weekdays
 Monday
@@ -71,7 +80,8 @@
 Thursday
 Friday
 
-godarda@gd:~$ <mark>tac Weekdays</mark> 
+<comment># Concatenate and print file in reverse</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>tac Weekdays</mark>
 Thursday
 Wednesday
 Tuesday
@@ -82,7 +92,9 @@
 Tuesday
 Monday
 Weekdays
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat Weekdays | grep day</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Print lines matching a pattern</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cat Weekdays | grep day</mark>
 Weekdays
 Monday
 Tuesday
@@ -94,6 +106,7 @@
 Wednesday
 Thursday
 
+<comment># Print lines matching a pattern</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>grep day Weekdays</mark>
 Weekdays
 Monday
@@ -106,7 +119,8 @@
 Wednesday
 Thursday
 
-godarda@gd:~$ <mark>grep -v days Weekdays</mark> 
+<comment># Invert match</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>grep -v days Weekdays</mark>
 Monday
 Tuesday
 Wednesday
@@ -117,7 +131,8 @@
 Wednesday
 Thursday
 
-godarda@gd:~$ <mark>grep -i days Weekdays</mark> 
+<comment># Ignore case</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>grep -i days Weekdays</mark>
 Weekdays
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdzbgoi.html b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdzbgoi.html
index 354a76b..3f884fd 100644
--- a/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdzbgoi.html
+++ b/pages/learn/linux/commands/gdzbgoi.html
@@ -6,176 +6,205 @@
 <div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">date and time commands with options</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Display current date and time</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>date</mark>
 Sunday 31 May 2020 10:52:00 AM IST
 
+<comment># Show system uptime</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>uptime</mark>
  10:53:11 up 8 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.65, 1.44, 0.93
 
+<comment># Measure command execution time</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>time</mark>
 real	0m0.000s
 user	0m0.000s
 sys	0m0.000s
 
+<comment># Print accumulated user and system times</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>times</mark>
 0m0.022s 0m0.012s
 0m0.021s 0m0.016s
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>date +"%D %H:%M:%S"</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Display date in MM/DD/YY format with time</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>date +"%D %H:%M:%S"</mark>
 05/31/20 10:54:52
 
+<comment># Display date with epoch timestamp</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>date +"%D %H:%M:%s"</mark>
 05/31/20 10:55:1590902704
 
+<comment># Display date with month number and epoch</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>date +"%D %H:%m:%s"</mark>
 05/31/20 10:05:1590902707
 
+<comment># Display date with abbreviated month and epoch</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>date +"%D %h:%m:%s"</mark>
 05/31/20 May:05:1590902711
 
+<comment># Display day, month, and epoch</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>date +"%d %h:%m:%s"</mark>
 31 May:05:1590902716
 
+<comment># Display full weekday, month, and day</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>date +"%A %B %d"</mark>
 Sunday May 31
 
+<comment># Display month number</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>date +%m</mark>
 05
 
+<comment># Display abbreviated month name</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>date +%h</mark>
 May
 
+<comment># Display month name and number</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>date +"%h %m"</mark>
 May 05
 
+<comment># Display date and time with seconds</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>date +"%h %m %d %T"</mark>
 May 05 31 10:56:48
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">cal command with options</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Display current month calendar</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cal</mark>
-      May 2020        
-Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
-                1  2  
- 3  4  5  6  7  8  9  
-10 11 12 13 14 15 16  
-17 18 19 20 21 22 23  
-24 25 26 27 28 29 30  
-31                    
+      May 2020
+Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
+                1  2
+ 3  4  5  6  7  8  9
+10 11 12 13 14 15 16
+17 18 19 20 21 22 23
+24 25 26 27 28 29 30
+31
+<comment># Try to display calendar for year 0 (error)</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cal 5 0</mark>
 <error>cal: year `0' not in range 1..9999</error>
 
+<comment># Display calendar for specific month and year</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cal 2 2020</mark>
-   February 2020      
-Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
-                   1  
- 2  3  4  5  6  7  8  
- 9 10 11 12 13 14 15  
-16 17 18 19 20 21 22  
-23 24 25 26 27 28 29  
-
+   February 2020
+Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
+                   1
+ 2  3  4  5  6  7  8
+ 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
+16 17 18 19 20 21 22
+23 24 25 26 27 28 29
+
+<comment># Command substitution (inline)</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo $(cal)</mark>
 May 2020 Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
 
+<comment># Command substitution (preserve formatting)</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>echo "$(cal)"</mark>
-      May 2020        
-Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
-                1  2  
- 3  4  5  6  7  8  9  
-10 11 12 13 14 15 16  
-17 18 19 20 21 22 23  
-24 25 26 27 28 29 30  
-31                    
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cal -j 2021</mark>
+      May 2020
+Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
+                1  2
+ 3  4  5  6  7  8  9
+10 11 12 13 14 15 16
+17 18 19 20 21 22 23
+24 25 26 27 28 29 30
+31
+<hr>
+<comment># Display calendar with Julian days</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cal -j 2021</mark>
+                         2021
+          January                     February
+...
+<hr>
+<comment># Display calendar for the whole year</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cal -y 2021</mark>
                          2021
-          January                     February            
- Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa   Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa  
-                      1   2       32  33  34  35  36  37  
-  3   4   5   6   7   8   9   38  39  40  41  42  43  44  
- 10  11  12  13  14  15  16   45  46  47  48  49  50  51  
- 17  18  19  20  21  22  23   52  53  54  55  56  57  58  
- 24  25  26  27  28  29  30   59                          
- 31                                                       
-
-           March                        April             
- Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa   Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa  
-     60  61  62  63  64  65                   91  92  93  
- 66  67  68  69  70  71  72   94  95  96  97  98  99 100  
- 73  74  75  76  77  78  79  101 102 103 104 105 106 107  
- 80  81  82  83  84  85  86  108 109 110 111 112 113 114  
- 87  88  89  90              115 116 117 118 119 120      
-                                                          
-
-            May                         June              
- Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa   Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa  
-                        121          152 153 154 155 156  
-122 123 124 125 126 127 128  157 158 159 160 161 162 163  
-129 130 131 132 133 134 135  164 165 166 167 168 169 170  
-136 137 138 139 140 141 142  171 172 173 174 175 176 177  
-143 144 145 146 147 148 149  178 179 180 181              
-150 151                                                   
-
-           July                        August             
- Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa   Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa  
-                182 183 184  213 214 215 216 217 218 219  
-185 186 187 188 189 190 191  220 221 222 223 224 225 226  
-192 193 194 195 196 197 198  227 228 229 230 231 232 233  
-199 200 201 202 203 204 205  234 235 236 237 238 239 240  
-206 207 208 209 210 211 212  241 242 243                  
-                                                          
-
-         September                     October            
- Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa   Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa  
-            244 245 246 247                      274 275  
-248 249 250 251 252 253 254  276 277 278 279 280 281 282  
-255 256 257 258 259 260 261  283 284 285 286 287 288 289  
-262 263 264 265 266 267 268  290 291 292 293 294 295 296  
-269 270 271 272 273          297 298 299 300 301 302 303  
-                             304                          
-
-         November                     December            
- Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa   Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa  
-    305 306 307 308 309 310              335 336 337 338  
-311 312 313 314 315 316 317  339 340 341 342 343 344 345  
-318 319 320 321 322 323 324  346 347 348 349 350 351 352  
-325 326 327 328 329 330 331  353 354 355 356 357 358 359  
-332 333 334                  360 361 362 363 364 365      
-<hr>godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cal -y 2021</mark>
+          January                     February
+ Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa   Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa
+                      1   2       32  33  34  35  36  37
+  3   4   5   6   7   8   9   38  39  40  41  42  43  44
+ 10  11  12  13  14  15  16   45  46  47  48  49  50  51
+ 17  18  19  20  21  22  23   52  53  54  55  56  57  58
+ 24  25  26  27  28  29  30   59
+ 31
+
+           March                        April
+ Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa   Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa
+     60  61  62  63  64  65                   91  92  93
+ 66  67  68  69  70  71  72   94  95  96  97  98  99 100
+ 73  74  75  76  77  78  79  101 102 103 104 105 106 107
+ 80  81  82  83  84  85  86  108 109 110 111 112 113 114
+ 87  88  89  90              115 116 117 118 119 120
+
+
+            May                         June
+ Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa   Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa
+                        121          152 153 154 155 156
+122 123 124 125 126 127 128  157 158 159 160 161 162 163
+129 130 131 132 133 134 135  164 165 166 167 168 169 170
+136 137 138 139 140 141 142  171 172 173 174 175 176 177
+143 144 145 146 147 148 149  178 179 180 181
+150 151
+
+           July                        August
+ Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa   Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa
+                182 183 184  213 214 215 216 217 218 219
+185 186 187 188 189 190 191  220 221 222 223 224 225 226
+192 193 194 195 196 197 198  227 228 229 230 231 232 233
+199 200 201 202 203 204 205  234 235 236 237 238 239 240
+206 207 208 209 210 211 212  241 242 243
+
+
+         September                     October
+ Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa   Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa
+            244 245 246 247                      274 275
+248 249 250 251 252 253 254  276 277 278 279 280 281 282
+255 256 257 258 259 260 261  283 284 285 286 287 288 289
+262 263 264 265 266 267 268  290 291 292 293 294 295 296
+269 270 271 272 273          297 298 299 300 301 302 303
+                             304
+
+         November                     December
+ Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa   Su  Mo  Tu  We  Th  Fr  Sa
+    305 306 307 308 309 310              335 336 337 338
+311 312 313 314 315 316 317  339 340 341 342 343 344 345
+318 319 320 321 322 323 324  346 347 348 349 350 351 352
+325 326 327 328 329 330 331  353 354 355 356 357 358 359
+332 333 334                  360 361 362 363 364 365
+<hr><comment># Display calendar for the whole year</comment>
+godarda@gd:~$ <mark>cal -y 2021</mark>
                             2021
-      January               February               March          
-Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
-                1  2      1  2  3  4  5  6      1  2  3  4  5  6  
- 3  4  5  6  7  8  9   7  8  9 10 11 12 13   7  8  9 10 11 12 13  
-10 11 12 13 14 15 16  14 15 16 17 18 19 20  14 15 16 17 18 19 20  
-17 18 19 20 21 22 23  21 22 23 24 25 26 27  21 22 23 24 25 26 27  
-24 25 26 27 28 29 30  28                    28 29 30 31           
-31                                                                
-
-       April                  May                   June          
-Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
-             1  2  3                     1         1  2  3  4  5  
- 4  5  6  7  8  9 10   2  3  4  5  6  7  8   6  7  8  9 10 11 12  
-11 12 13 14 15 16 17   9 10 11 12 13 14 15  13 14 15 16 17 18 19  
-18 19 20 21 22 23 24  16 17 18 19 20 21 22  20 21 22 23 24 25 26  
-25 26 27 28 29 30     23 24 25 26 27 28 29  27 28 29 30           
-                      30 31                                       
-
-        July                 August              September        
-Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
-             1  2  3   1  2  3  4  5  6  7            1  2  3  4  
- 4  5  6  7  8  9 10   8  9 10 11 12 13 14   5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
-11 12 13 14 15 16 17  15 16 17 18 19 20 21  12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
-18 19 20 21 22 23 24  22 23 24 25 26 27 28  19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
-25 26 27 28 29 30 31  29 30 31              26 27 28 29 30        
-                                                                  
-
-      October               November              December        
-Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
-                1  2      1  2  3  4  5  6            1  2  3  4  
- 3  4  5  6  7  8  9   7  8  9 10 11 12 13   5  6  7  8  9 10 11  
-10 11 12 13 14 15 16  14 15 16 17 18 19 20  12 13 14 15 16 17 18  
-17 18 19 20 21 22 23  21 22 23 24 25 26 27  19 20 21 22 23 24 25  
-24 25 26 27 28 29 30  28 29 30              26 27 28 29 30 31     
-31                                                                
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+      January               February               March
+Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
+                1  2      1  2  3  4  5  6      1  2  3  4  5  6
+ 3  4  5  6  7  8  9   7  8  9 10 11 12 13   7  8  9 10 11 12 13
+10 11 12 13 14 15 16  14 15 16 17 18 19 20  14 15 16 17 18 19 20
+17 18 19 20 21 22 23  21 22 23 24 25 26 27  21 22 23 24 25 26 27
+24 25 26 27 28 29 30  28                    28 29 30 31
+31
+
+       April                  May                   June
+Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
+             1  2  3                     1         1  2  3  4  5
+ 4  5  6  7  8  9 10   2  3  4  5  6  7  8   6  7  8  9 10 11 12
+11 12 13 14 15 16 17   9 10 11 12 13 14 15  13 14 15 16 17 18 19
+18 19 20 21 22 23 24  16 17 18 19 20 21 22  20 21 22 23 24 25 26
+25 26 27 28 29 30     23 24 25 26 27 28 29  27 28 29 30
+                      30 31
+
+        July                 August              September
+Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
+             1  2  3   1  2  3  4  5  6  7            1  2  3  4
+ 4  5  6  7  8  9 10   8  9 10 11 12 13 14   5  6  7  8  9 10 11
+11 12 13 14 15 16 17  15 16 17 18 19 20 21  12 13 14 15 16 17 18
+18 19 20 21 22 23 24  22 23 24 25 26 27 28  19 20 21 22 23 24 25
+25 26 27 28 29 30 31  29 30 31              26 27 28 29 30
+
+
+      October               November              December
+Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
+                1  2      1  2  3  4  5  6            1  2  3  4
+ 3  4  5  6  7  8  9   7  8  9 10 11 12 13   5  6  7  8  9 10 11
+10 11 12 13 14 15 16  14 15 16 17 18 19 20  12 13 14 15 16 17 18
+17 18 19 20 21 22 23  21 22 23 24 25 26 27  19 20 21 22 23 24 25
+24 25 26 27 28 29 30  28 29 30              26 27 28 29 30 31
+31
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/controls/index.html b/pages/learn/lisp/controls/index.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 6879ac0..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/controls/index.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: lisp/controls/
-title: LISP Control Statements
----
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/functions/index.html b/pages/learn/lisp/functions/index.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 4ed30e3..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/functions/index.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: lisp/functions/
-title: LISP Functions
----
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdggdyw.html b/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdggdyw.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 62b15ed..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/gdggdyw.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,150 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: lisp/fundamentals/gdggdyw
-title: CLISP Command Line Interface (CLI)
----
-
-<div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
-<div class="terminalcard">Arithmetic operations</div>
-<span><pre>
-godarda@gd:~$ <mark>clisp</mark>
-...
-[1]> <mark>(+ 7 19)</mark>
-26
-
-[2]> <mark>(+ 7 93 100 900)</mark>
-1100 
-
-[3]> <mark>(+ 7 93)</mark>
-100 
-
-[4]> <mark>(- 7 93)</mark> 
--86 
-
-[5]> <mark>(* 7 93)</mark>
-651 
-
-[6]> <mark>(/ 1 0)</mark>
-*** - /: division by zero 
-The following restarts are available: 
-ABORT          :R1      Abort main loop 
-[7]> <mark>:q</mark>
-
-[8]> <mark>(/ 7 93)</mark>
-7/93 
-
-[9]> <mark>(/ 7 93.0)</mark>
-0.07526882
-
-[10]> <mark>(= 100(+ 7 93))</mark>
-T
-[11]<hr>><mark> PI</mark>
-3.1415926535897932385L0 
-
-[12]> <mark>pi</mark>
-3.1415926535897932385L0
-</span></pre>
-
-<div class="terminalcard">String operations</div>
-<span><pre>
-[1]> <mark>"Hello World"</mark>
-"Hello World"
-
-[2]> <mark>(length "Hello World")</mark>
-11 
-
-[3]> <mark>(char "Hello World"0)</mark>
-#\H 
-
-[4]> <mark>(char "Hello World"10)</mark>
-#\d 
-
-[5]> <mark>'hello</mark>
-HELLO 
-
-[6]> <mark>'h\ello</mark>
-|HeLLO| 
-
-[7]> <mark>'h|ello|</mark>
-|Hello|
-</span></pre>
-
-<div class="terminalcard">type-of function</div>
-<span><pre>
-[1]> <mark>(type-of 0)</mark>
-BIT 
-
-[2]> <mark>(type-of 1)</mark>
-BIT 
-
-[3]> <mark>(type-of 2)</mark>
-(INTEGER 0 281474976710655) 
-
-[4]> <mark>(type-of '1e2)</mark>
-SINGLE-FLOAT 
-
-[5]> <mark>(type-of pi)</mark>
-LONG-FLOAT 
-
-[6]> <mark>(type-of 'pi)</mark>
-SYMBOL 
-
-[7]> <mark>(type-of +)</mark>
-CONS 
-
-[8]> <mark>(type-of -)</mark>
-CONS 
-
-[9]> <mark>(type-of *)</mark>
-SYMBOL 
-
-[10]> <mark>(type-of /)</mark>
-CONS 
-
-[11]> <mark>(type-of "Hello World")</mark>
-(SIMPLE-BASE-STRING 11) 
-
-[12]> <mark>(type-of *package*)</mark>
-PACKAGE 
-</span></pre>
-
-<div class="terminalcard">symbol-name function</div>
-<span><pre>
-[1]> <mark>(symbol-name 'hello)</mark>
-"HELLO" 
-
-[2]> <mark>(symbol-name '|hello|)</mark>
-"hello"
-
-[3]> <mark>(string=(symbol-name'h|ello|)"Hello")</mark>
-T 
-</span></pre>
-
-<div class="terminalcard">eql function</div>
-<span><pre>
-[1]> <mark>(eql'A'a)</mark>
-T 
-
-[2]> <mark>(eql 50 50.0)</mark>
-NIL 
-
-[3]> <mark>(eql 50 50)</mark>
-T 
-</span></pre>
-
-<div class="terminalcard">random function</div>
-<span><pre>
-[1]> <mark>(random 500)</mark>
-153 
-
-[2]> <mark>(random 500.0)</mark>
-497.5427 
-</span></pre>
-
-<div class="terminalcard">remove function</div>
-<span><pre>
-[1]> <mark>(remove 1'(4 1 5 1 7 2 9 1 5 2 1))</mark>
-(4 5 7 2 9 5 2) 
-
-[2]> <mark>(remove 'r'(r a d a r))</mark>
-(A D A)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/index.html b/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/index.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 682a4e9..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/fundamentals/index.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: lisp/fundamentals/
-title: LISP Fundamentals
----
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/loops/index.html b/pages/learn/lisp/loops/index.html
deleted file mode 100644
index f2feba0..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/loops/index.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: lisp/loops/
-title: LISP Loops
----
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/lisp/strings/index.html b/pages/learn/lisp/strings/index.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 9b6f24b..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/lisp/strings/index.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: lisp/strings/
-title: LISP Strings
----
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdeuazw.html b/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdeuazw.html
index db5f32e..fcf35e0 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdeuazw.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdeuazw.html
@@ -8,15 +8,18 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mongosh</mark>
 ...
 
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 DB> <mark>show dbs</mark>
 DB        8.00 KiB
 admin    40.00 KiB
 config  108.00 KiB
 local    40.00 KiB
 
+<comment># List all collections</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.getCollectionNames()</mark>
 [ "holders" ]
 
+<comment># Insert a single document</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.insertOne(
 ... {
 ... account_no: 2562348989,
@@ -38,6 +41,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Insert multiple documents</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Insert multiple documents</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.insertMany([
 ... {
 ... account_no: 2562348990,
@@ -90,18 +94,22 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Show databases and collection info</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 DB> <mark>show databases</mark>
 DB       40.00 KiB
 admin    40.00 KiB
 config  108.00 KiB
 local    40.00 KiB
 
+<comment># Count total documents</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.countDocuments()</mark>
 4
 
+<comment># Estimate total documents</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.estimatedDocumentCount()</mark>
 4
 
+<comment># Get collection details</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.getCollectionInfos()</mark>
 [
   {
@@ -115,4 +123,4 @@
     idIndex: { v: 2, key: { _id: 1 }, name: '_id_' }
   }
 ]
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdhydqg.html b/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdhydqg.html
index 044cfa2..eacab84 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdhydqg.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdhydqg.html
@@ -8,15 +8,18 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mongosh</mark>
 ...
 
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 DB> <mark>show dbs</mark>
 DB       72.00 KiB
 admin    40.00 KiB
 config  108.00 KiB
 local    40.00 KiB
 
+<comment># List all collections</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.getCollectionNames()</mark>
 [ "holders" ]
 
+<comment># Find all documents</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find()</mark>
 [
   {
@@ -60,4 +63,4 @@
     loan: [ { Personal: null, Home: null, Car: null } ]
   }
 ]
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdhzgdy.html b/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdhzgdy.html
index a3daf3b..214cf7b 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdhzgdy.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdhzgdy.html
@@ -8,15 +8,18 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mongosh</mark>
 ...
 
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 DB> <mark>show dbs</mark>
 DB       72.00 KiB
 admin    40.00 KiB
 config  108.00 KiB
 local    40.00 KiB
 
+<comment># List all collections</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.getCollectionNames()</mark>
 [ "holders" ]
 
+<comment># Find by city</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find({city: 'Phoenix'})</mark>
 [
   {
@@ -31,6 +34,7 @@
   }
 ]
 
+<comment># Find by account number</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find({account_no: 2562348989})</mark>
 [
   {
@@ -48,6 +52,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Find documents using $and operator</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Find using AND operator</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find(
 ... {$and: [{city: 'Irvine'},{account_no: 2562348991}]}
 ... )</mark>
@@ -67,6 +72,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Find documents using $or operator</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Find using OR operator</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find(
 ... {$or: [{city: 'Irvine'},{account_no: 2562348991}]}
 ... )</mark>
@@ -96,6 +102,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Find documents using $lte operator</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Find using Less Than or Equal</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find(
 ... {account_no:{$lte: 2562348990}}
 ... )</mark>
@@ -125,6 +132,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Find documents using $not operator</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Find using NOT operator</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find(
 ... {account_no:{$not:{$lte: 2562348990}}}
 ... )</mark>
@@ -154,7 +162,8 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Find documents using $nor operator</div>
 <span><pre>
-DB> <mark>db.holders.find( 
+<comment># Find using NOR operator</comment>
+DB> <mark>db.holders.find(
 ... {$nor:[{account_no: 2562348989},{account_no: 2562348991}]}
 ... )</mark>
 [
@@ -179,4 +188,4 @@
     loan: [ { Personal: null, Home: null, Car: null } ]
   }
 ]
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdrmzzy.html b/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdrmzzy.html
index 62311a0..c671bf7 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdrmzzy.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdrmzzy.html
@@ -8,15 +8,18 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mongosh</mark>
 ...
 
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 DB> <mark>show dbs</mark>
 DB       72.00 KiB
 admin    40.00 KiB
 config  108.00 KiB
 local    40.00 KiB
 
+<comment># List all collections</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.getCollectionNames()</mark>
 [ "holders" ]
 
+<comment># Projection to include specific fields</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find({},{name:1,city:1,_id:0})</mark>
 [
   { name: 'James Moore', city: 'Phoenix' },
@@ -28,6 +31,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">{{ page.title }} - limit() and skip() methods</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Limit the result set</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find({},{account_no: 2562348989,city: 'Irvine'}).limit(2)</mark>
 [
   {
@@ -42,6 +46,7 @@
   }
 ]
 
+<comment># Skip and limit the result set</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find({},{account_no: 2562348989,city: 'Irvine'}).limit(2).skip(1)</mark>
 [
   {
@@ -59,6 +64,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">City names are in ascending order</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Sort by city in ascending order</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find().sort({city: 1})</mark>
 [
   {
@@ -106,6 +112,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Account numbers are in descending order</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Sort by account_no in descending order</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find().sort({account_no: -1})</mark>
 [
   {
@@ -149,4 +156,4 @@
     loan: [ { Personal: 5660, Home: 15000 } ]
   }
 ]
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdwawvv.html b/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdwawvv.html
index c53c966..b4ce476 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdwawvv.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdwawvv.html
@@ -8,15 +8,18 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mongosh</mark>
 ...
 
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 DB> <mark>show dbs</mark>
 DB       72.00 KiB
 admin    40.00 KiB
 config  108.00 KiB
 local    40.00 KiB
 
+<comment># List all collections</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.getCollectionNames()</mark>
 [ "holders" ]
 
+<comment># Update a single document</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.updateOne(
 ... {city: 'Phoenix'},
 ... {$set: {currency: 'USD'}}
@@ -29,6 +32,7 @@
   upsertedCount: 0
 }
 
+<comment># Find all documents</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find()</mark>
 [
   {
@@ -77,6 +81,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Set a new field value (updating all matches)</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Update multiple documents</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.updateMany(
 ... {city: 'Irvine'},
 ... {$set: {currency: 'USD'}},
@@ -90,6 +95,7 @@
   upsertedCount: 0
 }
 
+<comment># Find all documents</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find()</mark>
 [
   {
@@ -140,6 +146,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Unset field value (updating all matches)</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Unset field in documents</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.updateMany(
 ... {account_no: {$lte: 2562348991}},
 ... {$unset: {currency:1}},
@@ -153,6 +160,7 @@
   upsertedCount: 0
 }
 
+<comment># Find all documents</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.holders.find()</mark>
 [
   {
@@ -196,4 +204,4 @@
     loan: [ { Personal: null, Home: null, Car: null } ]
   }
 ]
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdyxxwo.html b/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdyxxwo.html
index 954782a..328afda 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdyxxwo.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mongodb/crud/gdyxxwo.html
@@ -8,29 +8,36 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mongosh</mark>
 ...
 
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 test> <mark>show databases</mark>
 admin    40.00 KiB
 config  108.00 KiB
 local    40.00 KiB
 
+<comment># Switch to database</comment>
 test> <mark>use DB</mark>
 switched to db DB
 
+<comment># Check current database</comment>
 DB> <mark>db</mark>
 DB
 
+<comment># Get database name</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.getName()</mark>
 DB
 
+<comment># Create a collection</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.createCollection("holders")</mark>
 { "ok" : 1 }
 
+<comment># List all collections</comment>
 DB> <mark>db.getCollectionNames()</mark>
 [ "holders" ]
 
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 DB> <mark>show dbs</mark>
 DB        8.00 KiB
 admin    40.00 KiB
 config  108.00 KiB
 local    40.00 KiB
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mongodb/fundamentals/gdaiaar.html b/pages/learn/mongodb/fundamentals/gdaiaar.html
index 85d5e8c..1bdbe83 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mongodb/fundamentals/gdaiaar.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mongodb/fundamentals/gdaiaar.html
@@ -7,54 +7,71 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mongosh</mark>
 ...
+<comment># PI</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.PI</mark>
 3.141592653589793
 
+<comment># Euler's constant</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.E</mark>
 2.718281828459045
 
+<comment># Minimum</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.min(-4,3)</mark>
 -4
 
+<comment># Maximum</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.max(-4,3)</mark>
 3
 
+<comment># Absolute</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.abs(-2.3)</mark>
 2.3
 
+<comment># Round</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.round(-2.3)</mark>
 -2
 
+<comment># Floor</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.floor(-2.3)</mark>
 -3
 
+<comment># Ceil</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.ceil(-2.3)</mark>
 -2
 
+<comment># Exponent</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.exp(0)</mark>
 1
 
+<comment># Power</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.pow(0,0)</mark>
 1
 
+<comment># Square Root</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.sqrt(25)</mark>
 5
 
+<comment># Cube Root</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.cbrt(27)</mark>
 3
 
+<comment># Log</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.log(2)</mark>
 0.6931471805599453
 
+<comment># Log10</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.log10(2)</mark>
 0.3010299956639812
 
+<comment># Sin</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.sin(90)</mark>
 0.8939966636005579
 
+<comment># Cos</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.cos(90)</mark>
 -0.4480736161291701
 
+<comment># Tan</comment>
 test> <mark>Math.tan(90)</mark>
 -1.995200412208242
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mongodb/fundamentals/gdalyqa.html b/pages/learn/mongodb/fundamentals/gdalyqa.html
index 0ca8359..edd224f 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mongodb/fundamentals/gdalyqa.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mongodb/fundamentals/gdalyqa.html
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mongosh</mark>
 ...
 
+<comment># Define a function</comment>
 test> <mark>function factorial(n){
 ... if(n<=-1)
 ... return 'Enter Positive Integer';
@@ -16,21 +17,26 @@
 ... return n*factorial(n-1);
 ... }</mark>
 
+<comment># Factorial of 0</comment>
 test> <mark>factorial(0);</mark>
 1
 
+<comment># Factorial of 10</comment>
 test> <mark>factorial(10);</mark>
 3628800
 
+<comment># Factorial of -10</comment>
 test> <mark>factorial(-10);</mark>
 Enter Positive Integer
 
+<comment># Factorial of 170</comment>
 test> <mark>factorial(170);</mark>
 7.257415615307994e+306
 
+<comment># Factorial of 171</comment>
 test> <mark>factorial(171);</mark>
 Infinity
 
 test> <mark>quit()</mark>
-godarda@gd:~$ 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+godarda@gd:~$
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mongodb/fundamentals/gdvivwa.html b/pages/learn/mongodb/fundamentals/gdvivwa.html
index 4291c37..f02722c 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mongodb/fundamentals/gdvivwa.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mongodb/fundamentals/gdvivwa.html
@@ -8,20 +8,26 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>mongosh</mark>
 ...
 
+<comment># Check DB Version</comment>
 test> <mark>db.version()</mark>
 7.0.9
 
+<comment># Check Shell Version</comment>
 test> <mark>version()</mark>
 2.2.5
-<hr>test> <mark>db.runCommand({whatsmyuri:1})</mark>
+<hr><comment># Run Command</comment>
+test> <mark>db.runCommand({whatsmyuri:1})</mark>
 { you: '127.0.0.1:57612', ok: 1 }
 
+<comment># Get Mongo Connection</comment>
 test> <mark>db.getMongo()</mark>
 mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?directConnection=true&serverSelectionTimeoutMS=2000&appName=mongosh+2.2.5
 
-<hr>test> <mark>"Hello World"</mark>
+<hr><comment># Print String</comment>
+test> <mark>"Hello World"</mark>
 Hello World
 
+<comment># Replace String</comment>
 test> <mark>"Hello World".replace("World","Learners")</mark>
 Hello Learners
 </pre></span>
@@ -34,21 +40,26 @@
 test> <mark>b=30</mark>
 30
 
+<comment># Addition</comment>
 test> <mark>a+b</mark>
 1030
 
+<comment># Multiplication</comment>
 test> <mark>a*b</mark>
 30000
 
+<comment># Subtraction</comment>
 test> <mark>a-b</mark>
 970
 
+<comment># Subtraction</comment>
 test> <mark>b-a</mark>
 -970
 
 test> <mark>(a+b)*a</mark>
 1030000
 
+<comment># Division</comment>
 test> <mark>a/b</mark>
 33.333333333333336
 
@@ -56,27 +67,33 @@
 1
 test> <mark>b=0</mark>
 0
+<comment># Division by Zero</comment>
 test> <mark>a/b</mark>
 Infinity
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Date and Time Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Date as String</comment>
 test> <mark>Date()</mark>
 Thu Sep 28 2023 15:15:51 GMT+0530 (India Standard Time)
 
+<comment># Date Object</comment>
 test> <mark>new Date()</mark>
 ISODate("2023-09-28T09:46:17.052Z")
 
+<comment># Get Time</comment>
 test> <mark>new Date().getTime()</mark>
 1695894392513
 
+<comment># Get Timezone Offset</comment>
 test> <mark>new Date().getTimezoneOffset()</mark>
 -330
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">db.hostInfo() Function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Host Info</comment>
 test> <mark>db.hostInfo()</mark>
 {
     system: {
@@ -100,9 +117,11 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Running Hosts and Services</div>
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>su</mark>
-Password: 
+Password:
+<comment># Install nmap</comment>
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark>apt-get install nmap</mark>
 
+<comment># Scan localhost</comment>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>nmap -p- localhost</mark>
 Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-09-28 15:18 IST
 Nmap scan report for localhost (127.0.0.1)
@@ -160,4 +179,4 @@
   fsTotalSize: 0,
   ok: 1
 }
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddvvtd.html b/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddvvtd.html
index afe952a..e5d2169 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddvvtd.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddvvtd.html
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Defining NOT NULL constraint</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -22,9 +23,11 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Database changed
 
+<comment># Create a table with NOT NULL constraints</comment>
 mysql> <mark>CREATE TABLE holders(
     -> account_no BIGINT PRIMARY KEY,
     -> name VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
@@ -34,6 +37,7 @@
     -> amount BIGINT NOT NULL);</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.52 sec)
 
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DESCRIBE holders;</mark>
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field      | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
@@ -50,10 +54,12 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Adding NOT NULL constraint to a column</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Add NOT NULL constraint to the dob column</comment>
 mysql> <mark>ALTER TABLE holders MODIFY dob DATE NOT NULL;</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (2.77 sec)
 Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DESC holders</mark>;
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field      | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
@@ -71,9 +77,11 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Retrieving records from a table</div>
 <div class="infocard">If you observe the records, the last record's city is NULL. Hence, while adding the NOT NULL constraint to a city column, got ERROR 1138 (22004): Invalid use of NULL value. To fix this issue, we need to update the last record's city in the holders table.</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Attempt to add NOT NULL constraint to city column</comment>
 mysql> <mark>ALTER TABLE holders MODIFY city VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL;</mark>
 <error>ERROR 1138 (22004): Invalid use of NULL value</error>
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from the table</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -91,10 +99,12 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Updating a record and fixing ERROR 1138 (22004): Invalid use of NULL value</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Update the city for a specific account</comment>
 mysql> <mark>UPDATE holders SET city='New York' where account_no=25622348995;</mark>
 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.15 sec)
 Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from the table</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+----------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city     | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -109,10 +119,12 @@
 +-------------+---------------+----------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Add NOT NULL constraint to the city column</comment>
 mysql> <mark>ALTER TABLE holders MODIFY city VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL;</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.31 sec)
 Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field      | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
@@ -129,10 +141,12 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Removing NOT NULL constraint</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Remove NOT NULL constraint from the city column</comment>
 mysql> <mark>ALTER TABLE holders MODIFY city VARCHAR(20) NULL;</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.48 sec)
 Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field      | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
@@ -145,4 +159,4 @@
 | amount     | bigint(20)  | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddvwtv.html b/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddvwtv.html
index 9f1ca73..8552197 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddvwtv.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddvwtv.html
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Selecting all the records from a parent table</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -22,9 +23,11 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Database changed
 
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -33,6 +36,7 @@
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -47,7 +51,8 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
-mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>                                                          
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
+mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field      | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
@@ -63,6 +68,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Creating a table with foreign key</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Create table with foreign key</comment>
 mysql> <mark>CREATE TABLE loans(
     -> loan_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
     -> loan_type VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
@@ -71,6 +77,7 @@
     -> FOREIGN KEY(account_no) REFERENCES holders(account_no));</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.79 sec)
 
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DESC loans;</mark>
 +-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
 | Field       | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
@@ -82,6 +89,7 @@
 +-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
 4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -90,4 +98,4 @@
 | loans        |
 +--------------+
 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddwgvc.html b/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddwgvc.html
index d8ad662..b40ab6c 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddwgvc.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddwgvc.html
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Showing existing databases</div>
 <div class="infocard">The SHOW DATABASES statement used to retrieve the existing databases. This statement returns the databases that are currently in the MySQL server, and the results are useful to avoid the conflicts while creating a new database.</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -22,9 +23,11 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Creating and using a databasse</div>
 <div class="infocard">The CREATE DATABASE statement used to create a database where all the tables maintained in the DATABASE directory. The USE statement notifies MySQL to use the mentioned database for subsequent database and table operations.</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Create a new database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>CREATE DATABASE DB;</mark>
 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.11 sec)
 
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -37,6 +40,7 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Database changed
 </pre></span>
@@ -44,6 +48,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Creating Table</div>
 <div class="infocard">The CREATE TABLE statement used to create a table, and the DESCRIBE statement used to obtain information about the table structure. Please consult the following syntax to create a database and table.</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Create a new table</comment>
 mysql> <mark>CREATE TABLE holders(
     -> account_no BIGINT PRIMARY KEY,
     -> name VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
@@ -56,6 +61,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Show and describe a table</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -64,6 +70,7 @@
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DESCRIBE holders;</mark>
 mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
@@ -77,4 +84,4 @@
 | amount     | bigint(20)  | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddwtwf.html b/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddwtwf.html
index 4edefd6..4512779 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddwtwf.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gddwtwf.html
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Showing existing records</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -22,9 +23,11 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Database changed
 
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -33,6 +36,7 @@
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -50,10 +54,12 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Drop column</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Drop the city column</comment>
 mysql> <mark>ALTER TABLE holders DROP COLUMN city;</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.32 sec)
 Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -71,10 +77,12 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Add single column</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Add the city column</comment>
 mysql> <mark>ALTER TABLE holders ADD COLUMN city VARCHAR(20);</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.43 sec)
 Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+------------+----------+--------+------+
 | account_no  | name          | dob        | bank     | amount | city |
@@ -89,6 +97,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+------------+----------+--------+------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Drop the city column</comment>
 mysql> <mark>ALTER TABLE holders DROP COLUMN city;</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.41 sec)
 Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
@@ -96,10 +105,12 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Add multiple columns</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Add city and email columns</comment>
 mysql> <mark>ALTER TABLE holders ADD COLUMN city VARCHAR(20) AFTER name, ADD email VARCHAR(35) FIRST;</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (3.36 sec)
 Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------+-------------+---------------+------+------------+----------+--------+
 | email | account_no  | name          | city | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -117,6 +128,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Modify data type of single field</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field      | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
@@ -131,10 +143,12 @@
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Modify email column type</comment>
 mysql> <mark>ALTER TABLE holders MODIFY email VARCHAR(30);</mark>
 Query OK, 7 rows affected (1.75 sec)
 Records: 7  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field      | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
@@ -152,11 +166,13 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Modify data type of multiple fields</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Modify email and dob columns</comment>
 mysql> <mark>ALTER TABLE holders MODIFY email VARCHAR(25), MODIFY dob DATE NOT NULL;</mark>
 Query OK, 7 rows affected (1.85 sec)
 Records: 7  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
-mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>                                                            
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
+mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field      | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
@@ -173,10 +189,12 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Change column name</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Rename name column to flname</comment>
 mysql> <mark>ALTER TABLE holders CHANGE COLUMN name flname VARCHAR(30);</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.46 sec)
 Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------+-------------+---------------+------+------------+----------+--------+
 | email | account_no  | flname        | city | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -194,10 +212,12 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Drop multiple columns</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Drop email and city columns</comment>
 mysql> <mark>ALTER TABLE holders DROP COLUMN email, DROP COLUMN city;</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.49 sec)
 Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | flname        | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -215,12 +235,15 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Rename table name</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Rename table holders to proprietor</comment>
 mysql> <mark>ALTER TABLE holders RENAME TO proprietor;</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.81 sec)
 
+<comment># Attempt to select from old table name</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 <error>ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'DB.holders' doesn't exist</error>
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from new table name</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM proprietor;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | flname        | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -234,4 +257,4 @@
 | 25622348995 | James Moore   | 1978-06-26 | Citi     |  97800 |
 +-------------+---------------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gdedvew.html b/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gdedvew.html
index 98b9af7..5d86af6 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gdedvew.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/ddl/gdedvew.html
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Showing existing databases</div>
 <div class="infocard">The SHOW DATABASES statement used to retrieve the existing databases. This statement returns the databases that are currently in the MySQL server, and the results are useful to avoid the conflicts while creating a new database.</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -23,11 +24,13 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Use database and show tables</div>
 <div class="infocard">The USE statement notifies MySQL to use the mentioned database for subsequent database and table operations.</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Reading table information for completion of table and column names
 You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
 
 Database changed
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -36,6 +39,7 @@
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -53,6 +57,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Drop table</div>
 <div class="infocard">The DESCRIBE statement used to obtain information about the table structure. The DROP TABLE statement drops a specified table and its data permanently.</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field      | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
@@ -66,15 +71,19 @@
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Drop the holders table</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DROP TABLE holders;</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.42 sec)
 
+<comment># Attempt to drop non-existent table</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DROP TABLE holders;</mark>
 ERROR 1051 (42S02): Unknown table 'DB.holders'
 
+<comment># Drop table if it exists</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DROP TABLE IF EXISTS holders;</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.37 sec)
 
+<comment># Show warnings</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW WARNINGS;</mark>
 +-------+------+----------------------------+
 | Level | Code | Message                    |
@@ -86,9 +95,11 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Drop database</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Drop the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DROP DATABASE DB;</mark>
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.20 sec)
 
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -99,4 +110,4 @@
 | sys                |
 +--------------------+
 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdbbevd.html b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdbbevd.html
index 6f0a4a8..5a47ade 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdbbevd.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdbbevd.html
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Selecting specific records</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -19,9 +20,11 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Database changed
 
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -30,6 +33,7 @@
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -44,14 +48,16 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Select records where city is Mumbai</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE city = 'Mumbai';</mark>
 +------------+-------------+--------+------------+------+--------+
 | account_no | name        | city   | dob        | bank | amount |
 +------------+-------------+--------+------------+------+--------+
 | 2562348992 | Ryan Bakshi | Mumbai | 1982-01-14 | Citi |  50000 |
 +------------+-------------+--------+------------+------+--------+
-1 row in set (0.01 sec) 
+1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Select record by account number</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE account_no = 25622348995;</mark>
 +-------------+-------------+------+------------+------+--------+
 | account_no  | name        | city | dob        | bank | amount |
@@ -60,6 +66,7 @@
 +-------------+-------------+------+------------+------+--------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Select records with amount >= 50000</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE amount >= 50000;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+--------+------------+-------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city   | dob        | bank  | amount |
@@ -74,6 +81,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Using IS NULL and IS NOT NULL conditions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Select records where city is NULL</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT *  FROM holders WHERE city IS NULL;</mark>
 +-------------+-------------+------+------------+------+--------+
 | account_no  | name        | city | dob        | bank | amount |
@@ -82,6 +90,7 @@
 +-------------+-------------+------+------------+------+--------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Select records where city is NOT NULL</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT *  FROM holders WHERE city IS NOT NULL;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -94,4 +103,4 @@
 | 25622348994 | Aanya         | Delhi   | 1975-08-18 | SBI      | 105000 |
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdczgza.html b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdczgza.html
index 62975e9..ba962c4 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdczgza.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdczgza.html
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Retrieving all the records</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -19,9 +20,11 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Database changed
 
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -30,7 +33,8 @@
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
-mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>                                                  
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
@@ -48,6 +52,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Using IN operator</div>
 <div class="infocard">The IN operator is used to specify multiple OR conditions.</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Select records where city is in the list</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE city IN ('Mumbai','Irvine');</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+--------+------------+-------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city   | dob        | bank  | amount |
@@ -58,6 +63,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+--------+------------+-------+--------+
 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Select records where city is not in the list</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE city NOT IN ('Mumbai','Irvine');</mark>
 +-------------+--------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name         | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -72,6 +78,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Using BETWEEN operator</div>
 <div class="infocard">The BETWEEN operator used to select values in a specified range and often used in the WHERE clause of SELECT and UPDATE statements. The following syntax and queries will help you to understand practically.</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Select records with amount in range</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE amount BETWEEN 70000 AND 150000;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+--------+------------+-------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city   | dob        | bank  | amount |
@@ -82,6 +89,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+--------+------------+-------+--------+
 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Select specific columns with amount in range</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT account_no, name FROM holders WHERE amount BETWEEN 70000 AND 150000;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+
 | account_no  | name          |
@@ -96,7 +104,8 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Using LIKE operator (percentage wildcard)</div>
 <div class="infocard">The LIKE operator with percentage wildcard often used with the WHERE clause to retrieve specific records by specifying the pattern. The percentage wildcard represents zero, one, or multiple characters, whereas the underscore represents a single character. If you observe the following queries, we have used <b>LIKE j%</b>, which means the name must start with j character, and <b>LIKE %r</b>, which means the name must end with r character. Lastly, we used <b>LIKE %ar%</b>, which means the name must contain ar characters in between.</div>
 <span><pre>
-mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>                                               
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
@@ -110,6 +119,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Match names starting with 'j'</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE name LIKE 'j%';</mark>
 +-------------+-------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name        | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -119,6 +129,7 @@
 +-------------+-------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Match names ending with 'r'</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE name LIKE '%r';</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+--------+------------+-------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city   | dob        | bank  | amount |
@@ -128,6 +139,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+--------+------------+-------+--------+
 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Match names containing 'ar'</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE name LIKE '%ar%';</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+--------+------------+--------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city   | dob        | bank   | amount |
@@ -141,6 +153,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Using LIKE operator (underscore wildcard)</div>
 <div class="infocard">In the following queries, we have used LIKE operator with underscore wildcard <b>LIKE _a%</b>, which means the name's second character must be a. In the second query, we have given five times underscore, which means we want a bank name with exactly five characters in it. Lastly, we have used <b>%_____</b> which means the bank name should at least contain five characters.</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Match names with 'a' as the second character</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE name LIKE '_a%';</mark>
 +-------------+--------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name         | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -152,6 +165,7 @@
 +-------------+--------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Match bank names with exactly 5 characters</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE bank LIKE '_____';</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+--------+------------+-------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city   | dob        | bank  | amount |
@@ -160,6 +174,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+--------+------------+-------+--------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Match bank names with at least 5 characters</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE bank LIKE '%_____';</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -169,4 +184,4 @@
 | 25622348993 | Marie Peters  | Ribe    | 1967-01-05 | DZBank   |  12250 |
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdnhhen.html b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdnhhen.html
index eefee49..632372f 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdnhhen.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdnhhen.html
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Show databases and tables</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -22,11 +23,13 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.07 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Reading table information for completion of table and column names
 You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
 
 Database changed
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -39,7 +42,8 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Retrieving all the records from a parent table</div>
 <span><pre>
-mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>                                                          
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
+mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field      | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
@@ -52,6 +56,7 @@
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -69,6 +74,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Retrieving all the records from a child table</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DESC loans;</mark>
 +-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
 | Field       | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
@@ -80,6 +86,7 @@
 +-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
 4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from loans</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM loans;</mark>
 +---------+-----------+-------------+-------------+
 | loan_id | loan_type | loan_amount | account_no  |
@@ -94,6 +101,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Inner Join</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Perform Inner Join</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT loans.account_no,holders.name,loans.loan_type FROM loans INNER JOIN holders ON loans.account_no=holders.account_no;</mark>
 +-------------+-------------+-----------+
 | account_no  | name        | loan_type |
@@ -105,6 +113,7 @@
 +-------------+-------------+-----------+
 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Inner Join with condition and sorting</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT loans.account_no,holders.name,loans.loan_type FROM loans INNER JOIN holders ON loans.account_no=holders.account_no WHERE loan_type="Home" ORDER BY name;</mark>
 +-------------+-------------+-----------+
 | account_no  | name        | loan_type |
@@ -117,6 +126,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Left Join</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Perform Left Join</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT holders.account_no,holders.name,loans.loan_amount FROM holders LEFT JOIN loans ON holders.account_no=loans.account_no;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+-------------+
 | account_no  | name          | loan_amount |
@@ -131,6 +141,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+-------------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Left Join with sorting</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT holders.account_no,holders.name,loans.loan_amount FROM holders LEFT JOIN loans ON holders.account_no=loans.account_no ORDER BY name;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+-------------+
 | account_no  | name          | loan_amount |
@@ -145,6 +156,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+-------------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Left Join finding unmatched records</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT holders.account_no,holders.name,loans.loan_amount FROM holders LEFT JOIN loans ON holders.account_no=loans.account_no WHERE loan_amount IS NULL;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+-------------+
 | account_no  | name          | loan_amount |
@@ -158,6 +170,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Right Join</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Perform Right Join</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT holders.account_no,holders.name,loans.loan_amount FROM holders RIGHT JOIN loans ON holders.account_no=loans.account_no;</mark>
 +-------------+-------------+-------------+
 | account_no  | name        | loan_amount |
@@ -169,6 +182,7 @@
 +-------------+-------------+-------------+
 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Right Join with condition</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT holders.account_no,holders.name,loans.loan_amount FROM holders RIGHT JOIN loans ON holders.account_no=loans.account_no WHERE loan_amount>=40000;</mark>
 +-------------+-------------+-------------+
 | account_no  | name        | loan_amount |
@@ -179,6 +193,7 @@
 +-------------+-------------+-------------+
 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Right Join finding unmatched records</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT holders.account_no,holders.name,loans.loan_amount FROM holders RIGHT JOIN loans ON holders.account_no=loans.account_no WHERE loan_amount IS NULL;</mark>
 Empty set (0.00 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdpdvnx.html b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdpdvnx.html
index ac7aad5..c0cf69b 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdpdvnx.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdpdvnx.html
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Show databases and tables</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -22,11 +23,13 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.07 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Reading table information for completion of table and column names
 You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
 
 Database changed
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -39,7 +42,8 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Database tables preview</div>
 <span><pre>
-mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>                                                          
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
+mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field      | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
@@ -52,6 +56,7 @@
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DESC loans;</mark>
 +-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
 | Field       | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
@@ -66,6 +71,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Inserting multiple records in a parent table</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Insert multiple records into holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>INSERT INTO holders(account_no, name, city, dob, bank, amount) VALUES
     -> (2562348989, 'James Moore', 'Phoenix', '1985-05-26', 'Barclays', 5000),
     -> (2562348990, 'Donald Taylor', 'Irvine', '1990-08-20', 'Citi', 7000),
@@ -77,6 +83,7 @@
 Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.17 sec)
 Records: 6  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -93,9 +100,11 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Inserting a single record in a parent table</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Insert a single record into holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>INSERT INTO holders VALUES(25622348995, 'James Moore', NULL, '1978-06-26', 'Citi', 97800);</mark>
 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.23 sec)
-                                            
+
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -113,6 +122,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Inserting records in a child table</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Insert multiple records into loans</comment>
 mysql> <mark>INSERT INTO loans(loan_type,loan_amount,account_no) VALUES
     -> ("Personal",5660,25622348989),
     -> ("Home",450000,25622348992),
@@ -121,6 +131,7 @@
 Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.20 sec)
 Records: 4  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from loans</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM loans;</mark>
 +---------+-----------+-------------+-------------+
 | loan_id | loan_type | loan_amount | account_no  |
@@ -131,4 +142,4 @@
 |       4 | Home      |       40000 | 25622348995 |
 +---------+-----------+-------------+-------------+
 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdpwzaz.html b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdpwzaz.html
index 645352d..3688629 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdpwzaz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdpwzaz.html
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Retrieving the existing databases and table records</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -22,9 +23,11 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Database changed
 
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -33,6 +36,7 @@
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -50,6 +54,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Using LIMIT clause</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Retrieve the first 3 records</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders LIMIT 3;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -60,6 +65,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve first 3 records ordered by dob</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders ORDER BY dob LIMIT 3;</mark>
 +-------------+--------------+-------+------------+--------+--------+
 | account_no  | name         | city  | dob        | bank   | amount |
@@ -73,6 +79,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Retrieving first and last three records</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Retrieve all records ordered by bank and amount</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders ORDER BY bank,amount;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -87,6 +94,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve first 3 records ordered by bank and amount</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders ORDER BY bank,amount LIMIT 3;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -97,6 +105,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve last 3 records by account number</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders ORDER BY account_no DESC LIMIT 3;</mark>
 +-------------+--------------+-------+------------+--------+--------+
 | account_no  | name         | city  | dob        | bank   | amount |
@@ -106,4 +115,4 @@
 | 25622348993 | Marie Peters | Ribe  | 1967-01-05 | DZBank |  12250 |
 +-------------+--------------+-------+------------+--------+--------+
 3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdpzyig.html b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdpzyig.html
index 22d9bef..492850c 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdpzyig.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdpzyig.html
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Extracting the records using operators</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all available databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -19,9 +20,11 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the 'DB' database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Database changed
 
+<comment># List all tables in the current database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -30,6 +33,7 @@
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from the 'holders' table</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -44,6 +48,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Select records where amount is >= 50000 AND bank is 'Citi'</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE amount >= 50000 AND bank = 'Citi';</mark>
 +-------------+-------------+--------+------------+------+--------+
 | account_no  | name        | city   | dob        | bank | amount |
@@ -53,6 +58,7 @@
 +-------------+-------------+--------+------------+------+--------+
 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Select records where amount is > 50000 AND bank is 'Citi'</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE amount > 50000 AND bank = 'Citi';</mark>
 +-------------+-------------+------+------------+------+--------+
 | account_no  | name        | city | dob        | bank | amount |
@@ -61,6 +67,7 @@
 +-------------+-------------+------+------------+------+--------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Select records where amount is >= 50000 OR bank is 'Citi'</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE amount >= 50000 OR bank = 'Citi';</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+--------+------------+-------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city   | dob        | bank  | amount |
@@ -73,6 +80,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+--------+------------+-------+--------+
 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Select records where bank is NOT 'Citi'</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders WHERE NOT bank = 'Citi';</mark>
 +------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -83,4 +91,4 @@
 | 2562348994 | Aanya         | Delhi   | 1975-08-18 | SBI      | 105000 |
 +------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gduidey.html b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gduidey.html
index a287943..066b80a 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gduidey.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gduidey.html
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 <div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">Show databases and tables</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -18,11 +19,13 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.07 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Reading table information for completion of table and column names
 You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
 
 Database changed
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -35,6 +38,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Retrieving all the records from a parent table</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -49,6 +53,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve city column from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT city FROM holders;</mark>
 +---------+
 | city    |
@@ -66,6 +71,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Retrieving distinct records</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Retrieve distinct cities</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DISTINCT city FROM holders;</mark>
 +---------+
 | city    |
@@ -79,6 +85,7 @@
 +---------+
 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve distinct name and city combinations</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DISTINCT name, city FROM holders;</mark>
 +---------------+---------+
 | name          | city    |
@@ -96,6 +103,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">COUNT, MIN, and MAX Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Count distinct cities</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT city) AS Count FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------+
 | Count |
@@ -104,6 +112,7 @@
 +-------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Find minimum amount</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT MIN(amount) FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+
 | MIN(amount) |
@@ -112,6 +121,7 @@
 +-------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Find maximum amount</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT MAX(amount) FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+
 | MAX(amount) |
@@ -123,6 +133,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Retrieving all the records from a child table</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Retrieve all records from loans</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM loans;</mark>
 +---------+-----------+-------------+-------------+
 | loan_id | loan_type | loan_amount | account_no  |
@@ -134,9 +145,11 @@
 +---------+-----------+-------------+-------------+
 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Delete record with loan_id 4</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DELETE FROM loans WHERE loan_id=4;</mark>
 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.17 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from loans</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM loans;</mark>
 +---------+-----------+-------------+-------------+
 | loan_id | loan_type | loan_amount | account_no  |
@@ -147,9 +160,11 @@
 +---------+-----------+-------------+-------------+
 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Insert a new loan record</comment>
 mysql> <mark>INSERT INTO loans(loan_type,loan_amount,account_no) VALUES ("Home",40000,25622348995);</mark>
 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.19 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from loans</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM loans;</mark>
 +---------+-----------+-------------+-------------+
 | loan_id | loan_type | loan_amount | account_no  |
@@ -160,4 +175,4 @@
 |       5 | Home      |       40000 | 25622348995 |
 +---------+-----------+-------------+-------------+
 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdvzkzw.html b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdvzkzw.html
index 7ed83c0..e448804 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdvzkzw.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdvzkzw.html
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Filtering the records</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -19,9 +20,11 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Database changed
 
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -30,6 +33,7 @@
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve records ordered by name</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders ORDER BY name;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -44,6 +48,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve records ordered by amount</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders ORDER BY amount;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -61,6 +66,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Using DESC</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Retrieve records ordered by name descending</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders ORDER BY name DESC;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -75,6 +81,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve records ordered by amount descending</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders ORDER BY amount DESC;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -92,6 +99,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Using ASC and DESC</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Retrieve records ordered by city descending and amount ascending</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders ORDER BY city DESC, amount ASC;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -106,6 +114,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve records ordered by name ascending and amount descending</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders ORDER BY name ASC, amount DESC;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -120,6 +129,7 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve records ordered by name ascending and bank descending</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders ORDER BY name ASC, bank DESC;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -133,4 +143,4 @@
 | 25622348992 | Ryan Bakshi   | Mumbai  | 1982-01-14 | Citi     |  50000 |
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdzsgwd.html b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdzsgwd.html
index bbe850c..0a15291 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdzsgwd.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdzsgwd.html
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Retrieving the existing databases and table records</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -19,9 +20,11 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Database changed
 
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -30,6 +33,7 @@
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -47,9 +51,11 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Deleting the records</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Delete records where city is NULL</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DELETE FROM holders WHERE city IS NULL;</mark>
 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.20 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -63,9 +69,11 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Delete records where dob is before 1980-12-31</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DELETE FROM holders WHERE dob < '1980-12-31';</mark>
 Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.21 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -77,9 +85,11 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Delete records where city contains 'nix'</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DELETE FROM holders WHERE city LIKE '%nix%';</mark>
 Query OK, 1 row affected (1.34 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+--------+------------+-------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city   | dob        | bank  | amount |
@@ -93,12 +103,15 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Deleting all the records</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Delete all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DELETE FROM holders;</mark>
 Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.17 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 Empty set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Show table structure</comment>
 mysql> <mark>DESC holders;</mark>
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field      | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
@@ -111,4 +124,4 @@
 | amount     | bigint(20)  | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
 +------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdzzcev.html b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdzzcev.html
index 107b9e6..a6b5891 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdzzcev.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/dml/gdzzcev.html
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Retrieving the existing databases and table records</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># List all databases</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW DATABASES;</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | Database           |
@@ -19,9 +20,11 @@
 +--------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Switch to the DB database</comment>
 mysql> <mark>USE DB;</mark>
 Database changed
 
+<comment># List all tables</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SHOW TABLES;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Tables_in_DB |
@@ -30,6 +33,7 @@
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -47,10 +51,12 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Updating the specific records</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Update amount where city is Irvine</comment>
 mysql> <mark>UPDATE holders SET amount = amount + 2000 WHERE city = 'Irvine';</mark>
 Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.16 sec)
 Rows matched: 2  Changed: 2  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city    | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -65,10 +71,12 @@
 +-------------+---------------+---------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Update city for a specific account</comment>
 mysql> <mark>UPDATE holders SET city = 'New York' WHERE account_no = 25622348995;</mark>
 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.19 sec)
 Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+----------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city     | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -86,10 +94,12 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Updating all the records</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Update amount for all records</comment>
 mysql> <mark>UPDATE holders SET amount = amount + 2000;</mark>
 Query OK, 7 rows affected (0.19 sec)
 Rows matched: 7  Changed: 7  Warnings: 0
 
+<comment># Retrieve all records from holders</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT * FROM holders;</mark>
 +-------------+---------------+----------+------------+----------+--------+
 | account_no  | name          | city     | dob        | bank     | amount |
@@ -103,4 +113,4 @@
 | 25622348995 | James Moore   | New York | 1978-06-26 | Citi     |  99800 |
 +-------------+---------------+----------+------------+----------+--------+
 7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/fundamentals/gdgpzwy.html b/pages/learn/mysql/fundamentals/gdgpzwy.html
index 10c8e9e..dfc4ebb 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/fundamentals/gdgpzwy.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/fundamentals/gdgpzwy.html
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 <div class="titlecard">{{ page.title }}</div>
 <div class="terminalcard">ASCII and ORD Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Return ASCII value of 'A'</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT ASCII('A');</mark>
 +------------+
 | ASCII('A') |
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@
 +------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Return ASCII value of 'a'</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT ASCII('a');</mark>
 +------------+
 | ASCII('a') |
@@ -22,6 +24,7 @@
 +------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Return ORD value of 'A'</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT ORD('A');</mark>
 +----------+
 | ORD('A') |
@@ -30,6 +33,7 @@
 +----------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Return ORD value of 'a'</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT ORD('a');</mark>
 +----------+
 | ORD('a') |
@@ -39,189 +43,210 @@
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 </pre></span>
 
-<div class="terminalcard">LENGHT and CHAR_LENGTH Functions</div>
+<div class="terminalcard">LENGTH and CHAR_LENGTH Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Get length of string in bytes</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT LENGTH("GoDarda") AS Length;</mark>
 +--------+
 | Length |
 +--------+
-|     12 |
+|      7 |
 +--------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Get length of string in characters</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT CHAR_LENGTH("GoDarda") AS Length;</mark>
 +--------+
 | Length |
 +--------+
-|     12 |
+|      7 |
 +--------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">CONCAT Function</div>
 <span><pre>
-mysql> <mark>SELECT CONCAT("Koding","Window") AS Concatenation;</mark>
+<comment># Concatenate two strings</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT CONCAT("Go","Darda") AS Concatenation;</mark>
 +---------------+
 | Concatenation |
 +---------------+
-| GoDarda  |
+| GoDarda       |
 +---------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
-mysql> <mark>SELECT CONCAT("Koding","Window"," Experiments") AS Concatenation;</mark>
+<comment># Concatenate multiple strings</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT CONCAT("Go","Darda"," Experiments") AS Concatenation;</mark>
 +--------------------------+
 | Concatenation            |
 +--------------------------+
-| GoDarda Experiments |
+| GoDarda Experiments      |
 +--------------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">LCASE and UCASE Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
-mysql> <mark>SELECT LOWER("KoDiNgWiNdOw") AS Lowercase;</mark>
+<comment># Convert string to lowercase</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT LOWER("GoDaRdA") AS Lowercase;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Lowercase    |
 +--------------+
-| godarda |
+| godarda      |
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.12 sec)
 
+<comment># Convert string to uppercase</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT UPPER("GoDarda") AS Uppercase;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Uppercase    |
 +--------------+
-| KODINGWINDOW |
+| GODARDA      |
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
-mysql> <mark>SELECT LCASE("KoDiNgWiNdOw") AS Lowercase;</mark>
+<comment># Convert string to lowercase</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT LCASE("GoDaRdA") AS Lowercase;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Lowercase    |
 +--------------+
-| godarda |
+| godarda      |
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Convert string to uppercase</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT UCASE("GoDarda") AS Uppdercase;</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Uppdercase   |
 +--------------+
-| KODINGWINDOW |
+| GODARDA      |
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">LEFT and RIGHT Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
-mysql> <mark>SELECT LEFT("GoDarda",6) AS Extraction;</mark>
+<comment># Extract 2 characters from left</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT LEFT("GoDarda",2) AS Extraction;</mark>
 +------------+
 | Extraction |
 +------------+
-| Koding     |
+| Go         |
 +------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
-mysql> <mark>SELECT RIGHT("GoDarda",6) AS Extraction;</mark>
+<comment># Extract 5 characters from right</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT RIGHT("GoDarda",5) AS Extraction;</mark>
 +------------+
 | Extraction |
 +------------+
-| Window     |
+| Darda      |
 +------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">LOCATE and POSITION Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
-mysql> <mark>SELECT LOCATE("O","KODINGWINDOW") AS Locate;</mark>
+<comment># Find position of substring</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT LOCATE("D","GoDarda") AS Locate;</mark>
 +--------+
 | Locate |
 +--------+
-|      2 |
+|      3 |
 +--------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
-mysql> <mark>SELECT LOCATE("window","KODINGWINDOW") AS Locate;</mark>
+<comment># Find position of substring</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT LOCATE("Darda","GoDarda") AS Locate;</mark>
 +--------+
 | Locate |
 +--------+
-|      7 |
+|      3 |
 +--------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
-mysql> <mark>SELECT POSITION("O" IN "KODINGWINDOW") AS Position;</mark>
+<comment># Find position of substring</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT POSITION("D" IN "GoDarda") AS Position;</mark>
 +----------+
 | Position |
 +----------+
-|        2 |
+|        3 |
 +----------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
-mysql> <mark>SELECT POSITION("window" IN "KODINGWINDOW") AS Position;</mark>
+<comment># Find position of substring</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT POSITION("Darda" IN "GoDarda") AS Position;</mark>
 +----------+
 | Position |
 +----------+
-|        7 |
+|        3 |
 +----------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">SUBSTR and MID Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
-mysql> <mark>SELECT SUBSTR("GoDarda",7,12) AS Substring;</mark>
+<comment># Extract substring starting at 3</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT SUBSTR("GoDarda",3,5) AS Substring;</mark>
 +-----------+
 | Substring |
 +-----------+
-| Window    |
+| Darda     |
 +-----------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
-mysql> <mark>SELECT SUBSTRING("GoDarda",7,12) AS Substring;</mark>
+<comment># Extract substring starting at 3</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT SUBSTRING("GoDarda",3,5) AS Substring;</mark>
 +-----------+
 | Substring |
 +-----------+
-| Window    |
+| Darda     |
 +-----------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
-mysql> <mark>SELECT MID("GoDarda",7,12) AS Substring;</mark>
+<comment># Extract substring starting at 3</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT MID("GoDarda",3,5) AS Substring;</mark>
 +-----------+
 | Substring |
 +-----------+
-| Window    |
+| Darda     |
 +-----------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">LTRIM, RTRIM, and TRIM Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Remove leading spaces</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT LTRIM("  GoDarda   ") AS "Left Trim";</mark>
 +-----------------+
 | Left Trim       |
 +-----------------+
-| GoDarda    |
+| GoDarda   |
 +-----------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Remove trailing spaces</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT RTRIM("  GoDarda   ") AS "Right Trim";</mark>
 +----------------+
 | Right Trim     |
 +----------------+
-|   GoDarda |
+|   GoDarda      |
 +----------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Remove leading and trailing spaces</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT TRIM("  GoDarda   ") AS "Trim";</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Trim         |
 +--------------+
-| GoDarda |
+| GoDarda      |
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">REPEAT, REPLACE, and REVERSE Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Repeat a number</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT REPEAT(2,10) AS "Repeat";</mark>
 +------------+
 | Repeat     |
@@ -230,41 +255,46 @@
 +------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Repeat a string</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT REPEAT("GD",5) AS "Repeat";</mark>
 +------------+
 | Repeat     |
 +------------+
-| KWKWKWKWKW |
+| GDGDGDGDGD |
 +------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
-mysql> <mark>SELECT REPLACE("GoDarda","Koding","Learning") AS "Replace";</mark>
+<comment># Replace substring</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT REPLACE("GoDarda","Go","Come") AS "Replace";</mark>
 +----------------+
 | Replace        |
 +----------------+
-| LearningWindow |
+| ComeDarda      |
 +----------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Reverse a string</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT REVERSE("GoDarda") AS "Reverse";</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Reverse      |
 +--------------+
-| wodniWgnidoK |
+| adraDoG      |
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">LPAD and RPAD Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
-mysql> <mark>SELECT LPAD("K",10,"W") AS "Left Padding";</mark>
+<comment># Left pad string</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT LPAD("G",10,"D") AS "Left Padding";</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Left Padding |
 +--------------+
-| WWWWWWWWWK   |
+| DDDDDDDDDG   |
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Left pad number</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT LPAD(152212,10,0) AS "Left Padding";</mark>
 +--------------+
 | Left Padding |
@@ -273,25 +303,28 @@
 +--------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
-mysql> <mark>SELECT RPAD("K",10,"W") AS "Right Padding";</mark>
+<comment># Right pad string</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT RPAD("G",10,"D") AS "Right Padding";</mark>
 +---------------+
 | Right Padding |
 +---------------+
-| KWWWWWWWWW    |
+| GDDDDDDDDD    |
 +---------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
-mysql> <mark>SELECT RPAD("K",10,"Z") AS "Right Padding";</mark>
+<comment># Right pad string</comment>
+mysql> <mark>SELECT RPAD("G",10,"Z") AS "Right Padding";</mark>
 +---------------+
 | Right Padding |
 +---------------+
-| KZZZZZZZZZ    |
+| GZZZZZZZZZ    |
 +---------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">SPACE Function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Generate string of spaces</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT SPACE(50);</mark>
 +----------------------------------------------------+
 | SPACE(50)                                          |
@@ -303,6 +336,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">FORMAT Function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Format number with 1 decimal</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT FORMAT(15247892233,1);</mark>
 +-----------------------+
 | FORMAT(15247892233,1) |
@@ -311,6 +345,7 @@
 +-----------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Format number with 2 decimals</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT FORMAT(15247892233,2);</mark>
 +-----------------------+
 | FORMAT(15247892233,2) |
@@ -318,4 +353,4 @@
 | 15,247,892,233.00     |
 +-----------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
-</pre>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/fundamentals/gdrgtrz.html b/pages/learn/mysql/fundamentals/gdrgtrz.html
index 9d08d4c..a3579dc 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/fundamentals/gdrgtrz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/fundamentals/gdrgtrz.html
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">CURDATE and CURTIME Functions</div>
 <div class="infocard">CURDATE(): It returns the current date as a value in 'YYYY-MM-DD' or YYYYMMDD format, depending on which function is used.</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Get current date</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT CURDATE();</mark>
 +------------+
 | CURDATE()  |
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@
 +------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Get current date as numeric value</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT CURDATE() + 0;</mark>
 +---------------+
 | CURDATE() + 0 |
@@ -23,6 +25,7 @@
 +---------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Get current time</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT CURTIME();</mark>
 +-----------+
 | CURTIME() |
@@ -31,6 +34,7 @@
 +-----------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Get current time as numeric value</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT CURTIME() + 0;</mark>
 +---------------+
 | CURTIME() + 0 |
@@ -43,6 +47,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">NOW, SLEEP, and SYSDATE Functions</div>
 <div class="infocard">NOW(): It returns a constant time that indicates the time at which the statement start to execute, and SYSDATE() returns the exact time at which it executes.</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Get current date and time</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT NOW();</mark>
 +---------------------+
 | NOW()               |
@@ -51,6 +56,7 @@
 +---------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Demonstrate NOW() remains constant during query execution</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT NOW(), SLEEP(2), NOW();</mark>
 +---------------------+----------+---------------------+
 | NOW()               | SLEEP(2) | NOW()               |
@@ -59,6 +65,7 @@
 +---------------------+----------+---------------------+
 1 row in set (2.34 sec)
 
+<comment># Demonstrate SYSDATE() returns time at execution</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT SYSDATE(), SLEEP(2), SYSDATE();</mark>
 +---------------------+----------+---------------------+
 | SYSDATE()           | SLEEP(2) | SYSDATE()           |
@@ -71,6 +78,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">DATEDIFF and DATE_ADD Functions</div>
 <div class="infocard">DATEDIFF(): It returns expr1 − expr2 (date or date-and-time expressions) expressed as a value in days from one date to the other</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Calculate difference in days</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DATEDIFF(CURDATE(),'2018-02-19');</mark>
 +----------------------------------+
 | DATEDIFF(CURDATE(),'2018-02-19') |
@@ -79,6 +87,7 @@
 +----------------------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Add 1 day to current date</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DATE_ADD(CURDATE(), INTERVAL 1 DAY);</mark>
 +-------------------------------------+
 | DATE_ADD(CURDATE(), INTERVAL 1 DAY) |
@@ -87,6 +96,7 @@
 +-------------------------------------+
 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Add 5 months to current date</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DATE_ADD(CURDATE(), INTERVAL 5 MONTH);</mark>
 +---------------------------------------+
 | DATE_ADD(CURDATE(), INTERVAL 5 MONTH) |
@@ -98,6 +108,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">DATE_FORMAT Function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Format date as Weekday Month Year</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(), '%W %M %Y');</mark>
 +------------------------------------+
 | DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(), '%W %M %Y') |
@@ -106,6 +117,7 @@
 +------------------------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Format date with various specifiers</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(), '%D %y %a %d %m %b %j') AS DATE_FORMAT;</mark>
 +---------------------------+
 | DATE_FORMAT               |
@@ -114,6 +126,7 @@
 +---------------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Format date using USA standard</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2018-02-19', GET_FORMAT(DATE,'USA')) AS USA_DATE_FORMAT;</mark>
 +-----------------+
 | USA_DATE_FORMAT |
@@ -122,6 +135,7 @@
 +-----------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Format date using EUR standard</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2018-02-19', GET_FORMAT(DATE,'EUR')) AS EUR_DATE_FORMAT;</mark>
 +-----------------+
 | EUR_DATE_FORMAT |
@@ -133,6 +147,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">DAYNAME Function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Get day name of current date</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DAYNAME(CURDATE());</mark>
 +--------------------+
 | DAYNAME(CURDATE()) |
@@ -141,6 +156,7 @@
 +--------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Get day name of specific date</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DAYNAME('2018-02-19');</mark>
 +-----------------------+
 | DAYNAME('2018-02-19') |
@@ -153,6 +169,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">DAYOFMONTH, DAYOFWEEK, and DAYOFYEAR Functions</div>
 <div class="infocard">WEEKDAY(): It Returns the weekday index for date (0 = Monday, 1 = Tuesday, … 6 = Sunday)</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Get day of the month</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DAYOFMONTH(CURDATE());</mark>
 +-----------------------+
 | DAYOFMONTH(CURDATE()) |
@@ -161,6 +178,7 @@
 +-----------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Get day of the week index</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DAYOFWEEK('2018-02-19');</mark>
 +-------------------------+
 | DAYOFWEEK('2018-02-19') |
@@ -169,6 +187,7 @@
 +-------------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Get day of the week index</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DAYOFWEEK(CURDATE());</mark>
 +----------------------+
 | DAYOFWEEK(CURDATE()) |
@@ -177,6 +196,7 @@
 +----------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Get day of the year</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DAYOFYEAR(CURDATE());</mark>
 +----------------------+
 | DAYOFYEAR(CURDATE()) |
@@ -185,6 +205,7 @@
 +----------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Get day of the year</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT DAYOFYEAR('2018-02-19');</mark>
 +-------------------------+
 | DAYOFYEAR('2018-02-19') |
@@ -196,6 +217,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">EXTRACT Function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Extract year from current date</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR FROM CURDATE()) AS YEAR;</mark>
 +------+
 | YEAR |
@@ -204,6 +226,7 @@
 +------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Extract month from current date</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT EXTRACT(MONTH FROM CURDATE()) AS MONTH;</mark>
 +-------+
 | MONTH |
@@ -215,6 +238,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">LAST_DAY and MONTHNAME Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Get last day of the month</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT LAST_DAY('2018-02-19');</mark>
 +------------------------+
 | LAST_DAY('2018-02-19') |
@@ -223,6 +247,7 @@
 +------------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Get month name</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT MONTHNAME(CURDATE());</mark>
 +----------------------+
 | MONTHNAME(CURDATE()) |
@@ -234,6 +259,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">SEC_TO_TIME and SUBDATE Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Convert seconds to time</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT SEC_TO_TIME(4500);</mark>
 +-------------------+
 | SEC_TO_TIME(4500) |
@@ -242,6 +268,7 @@
 +-------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Subtract days from current date</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT SUBDATE(CURDATE(), INTERVAL 107 DAY) AS DIFFERENCE;</mark>
 +------------+
 | DIFFERENCE |
@@ -253,6 +280,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">UTC_DATE and UTC_TIME Functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Get UTC date</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT UTC_DATE();</mark>
 +------------+
 | UTC_DATE() |
@@ -261,6 +289,7 @@
 +------------+
 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
 
+<comment># Get UTC time</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT UTC_TIME();</mark>
 +------------+
 | UTC_TIME() |
@@ -269,6 +298,7 @@
 +------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Get UTC timestamp</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT UTC_TIMESTAMP();</mark>
 +---------------------+
 | UTC_TIMESTAMP()     |
@@ -277,6 +307,7 @@
 +---------------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
+<comment># Get week number</comment>
 mysql> <mark>SELECT WEEK(CURDATE());</mark>
 +-----------------+
 | WEEK(CURDATE()) |
@@ -284,4 +315,4 @@
 |              34 |
 +-----------------+
 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/mysql/index.html b/pages/learn/mysql/index.html
index 4da3cef..82718f5 100644
--- a/pages/learn/mysql/index.html
+++ b/pages/learn/mysql/index.html
@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@
 ---
 
 <div class="board"><div class="boardtitle">MySQL Introduction</div>
-    <p>MySQL is an open-source database management system. The database is a structured collection of data, and MySQL store data in the form of a table, hence it is called Relational Database Management System (RDBMS). It can run on various platforms like Linux, Windows, macOS, etc. The MySQL is the combination of My and SQL, My is the daughter's name of the MySQL's co-founder, Monty Widenius, and SQL stands for Structured Query Language.</p><hr>
-    <p>If you want to stay logically connected to this tutorial, start with <a href="mysql/ddl/gddwgvc" class="hlink">MySQL: CREATE a DATABASE and TABLE</a>, and then accordingly follow the recommended links at the bottom of each page. Throughout this tutorial, we are using MySQL on Linux Ubuntu distribution.<br><b>Prerequisite: </b>The MySQL setup is up and running. If not, then refer <a href="mysql/fundamentals/gddayxg" class="hlink">How to setup, install, and start MySQL on Ubuntu</a>.</p>
+    <p>MySQL is an open-source database management system. A database is a structured collection of data. Since MySQL stores data in tables, it is classified as a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS). It runs on various platforms, including Linux, Windows, and macOS.</p><hr>
+    <p>To follow this tutorial sequentially, start with <a href="mysql/ddl/gddwgvc" class="hlink">MySQL: CREATE a DATABASE and TABLE</a>, and then follow the recommended links at the bottom of each page. Throughout this tutorial, we use MySQL on the Ubuntu Linux distribution.<br><b>Prerequisite: </b>Ensure MySQL is installed and running. If not, refer to <a href="mysql/fundamentals/gddayxg" class="hlink">How to setup, install, and start MySQL on Ubuntu</a>.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">How to start MySQL on Ubuntu</div>
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>sudo mysql -u root -p</mark>
-Enter password: 
+Enter password:
 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
 Your MySQL connection id is 10
 Server version: 8.0.40-0ubuntu0.24.04.1 (Ubuntu)
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@
 owners.
 
 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/index.html b/pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/index.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 1b2ef70..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/octave/fundamentals/index.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: octave/fundamentals/
-title: Octave Fundamentals
----
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/octave/strings/gdeceiw.html b/pages/learn/octave/strings/gdeceiw.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 223e6b9..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/octave/strings/gdeceiw.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: octave/strings/gdeceiw
-title: Octave string indexing
----
-
-<div class="terminalcard">{{ page.title }}</div>
-<span><pre>
-godarda@gd:~$ <mark>octave</mark>
-...
-octave> <mark>gd = "GoDarda"</mark>
-gd = GoDarda
-
-octave> <mark>startsWith(gd, "KODING")</mark>
-ans = 0
-
-octave> <mark>startsWith(gd, "Koding")</mark>
-ans = 1
-
-octave> <mark>endsWith(gd, "ing")</mark>
-ans = 0
-
-octave> <mark>endsWith(gd, "dow")</mark>
-ans = 1
-
-octave> <mark>index(gd, "in")</mark>
-ans = 4
-
-octave> <mark>rindex(gd, "in")</mark>
-ans = 8
-
-octave> <mark>unicode_idx(gd)</mark>
-ans =
-
-    1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8    9   10   11   12
-
-octave> <mark>strfind(gd, "WINDOW")</mark>
-ans = [](0x0)
-
-octave> <mark>strfind(gd, "window")</mark>
-ans = 7
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/octave/strings/gduaulz.html b/pages/learn/octave/strings/gduaulz.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 22d2970..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/octave/strings/gduaulz.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: octave/strings/gduaulz
-title: Octave basic string operations
----
-
-<div class="terminalcard">{{ page.title }}</div>
-<span><pre>
-godarda@gd:~$ <mark>octave</mark>
-...
-octave> <mark>gd = "Koding"</mark>
-gd = Koding
-
-octave> <mark>gd = [gd, "window"]</mark>
-gd = GoDarda
-
-octave> <mark>typeinfo(gd)</mark>
-ans = string
-
-octave> <mark>gd(6)</mark>
-ans = g
-
-octave> <mark>gd(2:11)</mark>
-ans = odingwindo
-
-octave> <mark>length(gd)</mark>
-ans = 12
-
-octave> <mark>fliplr(gd)</mark>
-ans = wodniwgnidoK
-
-octave> <mark>toupper(gd)</mark>
-ans = KODINGWINDOW
-
-octave> <mark>tolower(gd)</mark>
-ans = godarda
-
-octave> <mark>sort(gd)</mark>
-ans = Kddgiinnooww
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/octave/strings/index.html b/pages/learn/octave/strings/index.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 9cdb7e0..0000000
--- a/pages/learn/octave/strings/index.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
----
-permalink: octave/strings/
-title: Octave Strings
----
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gddeqlk.html b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gddeqlk.html
index f475230..4c71921 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gddeqlk.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gddeqlk.html
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 ...
 >>> <mark>from numpy import *</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr1 = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])</mark>
+
+<comment># Create a view of the array</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr2 = arr1.view()</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr1</mark>
 array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
@@ -23,6 +25,8 @@
 >>> <mark>arr1</mark>
 array([100,   2,   3,   4,   5])
 <hr>>>> <mark>arr1 = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])</mark>
+
+<comment># Create a copy of the array</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr2 = arr1.copy()</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr1</mark>
 array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
@@ -36,4 +40,4 @@
 
 >>> <mark>arr1</mark>
 array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gddkizz.html b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gddkizz.html
index c96d9f9..5e951b2 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gddkizz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gddkizz.html
@@ -18,15 +18,18 @@
        [ 7,  9, 11],
        [13, 15, 17]])
 
+<comment># Create a matrix from an array</comment>
 >>> <mark>m = matrix(arr)</mark>
 >>> <mark>m</mark>
 matrix([[ 1,  3,  5],
         [ 7,  9, 11],
         [13, 15, 17]])
 
+<comment># Get diagonal elements</comment>
 >>> <mark>diagonal(m)</mark>
 array([ 1,  9, 17])
 
+<comment># Aggregate functions</comment>
 >>> <mark>m.max()</mark>
 17
 
@@ -39,18 +42,21 @@
 >>> <mark>m.mean()</mark>
 9.0
 
+<comment># Modifying matrix elements</comment>
 >>> <mark>m[0,0] = 99</mark>
 >>> <mark>m</mark>
 matrix([[99,  3,  5],
         [ 7,  9, 11],
         [13, 15, 17]])
 
+<comment># Sorting the matrix</comment>
 >>> <mark>m = sort(m)</mark>
 >>> <mark>m</mark>
 matrix([[ 3,  5, 99],
         [ 7,  9, 11],
         [13, 15, 17]])
 
+<comment># Transpose of the matrix</comment>
 >>> <mark>m.transpose()</mark>
 matrix([[ 3,  7, 13],
         [ 5,  9, 15],
@@ -72,4 +78,4 @@
 matrix([[  6],
         [120],
         [504]])
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gddrehr.html b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gddrehr.html
index 15fe496..3e09c2e 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gddrehr.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gddrehr.html
@@ -12,9 +12,10 @@
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array('i', [40, 96, 24, 55, 78, -111])
 
+<comment># Accessing elements using index</comment>
 >>> <mark>for i in range(len(arr)):</mark>
 ...     <mark>print(arr[i])</mark>
-... 
+...
 40
 96
 24
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@
 78
 -111
 
+<comment># Slicing the array</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr[3:]</mark>
 array('i', [55, 78, -111])
 
@@ -33,7 +35,9 @@
 
 >>> <mark>arr[:]</mark>
 array('i', [40, 96, 24, 55, 78, -111])
-<hr>>>> <mark>arr[0:6:1]</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Slicing with step</comment>
+>>> <mark>arr[0:6:1]</mark>
 array('i', [40, 96, 24, 55, 78, -111])
 
 >>> <mark>arr[0:6:2]</mark>
@@ -53,4 +57,4 @@
 
 >>> <mark>arr[::-1]</mark>
 array('i', [-111, 78, 55, 24, 96, 40])
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdeazqm.html b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdeazqm.html
index 9286e62..fa851bb 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdeazqm.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdeazqm.html
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array([ 1,  3,  5,  7,  9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23])
 
+<comment># Reshaping the array</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr.reshape(3, 3)</mark>
 <error>Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "&lt;stdin>", line 1, in &lt;module>
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@
        [ 7,  9, 11],
        [13, 15, 17],
        [19, 21, 23]])
-       
+
 >>> <mark>arr = arr.reshape(4, 3)</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array([[ 1,  3,  5],
@@ -33,12 +34,14 @@
        [13, 15, 17],
        [19, 21, 23]])
 
+<comment># Accessing elements</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr[1]</mark>
 array([ 7,  9, 11])
 
 >>> <mark>arr[1, 1]</mark>
 9
 
+<comment># Array dimensions and shape</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr.ndim</mark>
 2
 
@@ -56,6 +59,7 @@
        [13, 15, 17],
        [19, 21, 23]])
 
+<comment># Slicing multi-dimensional arrays</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr[0,:]</mark>
 array([1, 3, 5])
 
@@ -77,14 +81,17 @@
        [13, 15, 17],
        [ 7,  9, 11],
        [ 1,  3,  5]])
-       
+
+<comment># Flattening the array</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr = arr.flatten()</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array([ 1,  3,  5,  7,  9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23])
 
 >>> <mark>arr.ndim</mark>
 1
-<hr>>>> <mark>zeros((4, 3), int)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Creating matrices</comment>
+>>> <mark>zeros((4, 3), int)</mark>
 array([[0, 0, 0],
        [0, 0, 0],
        [0, 0, 0],
@@ -100,4 +107,4 @@
 array([[1., 0., 0.],
        [0., 1., 0.],
        [0., 0., 1.]])
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdeghdz.html b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdeghdz.html
index b20c164..77cbe5c 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdeghdz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdeghdz.html
@@ -8,19 +8,22 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
 >>> <mark>from numpy import *</mark>
+<comment># Create a matrix</comment>
 >>> <mark>m = matrix("1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9")</mark>
 >>> <mark>m</mark>
 matrix([[1, 2, 3],
         [4, 5, 6],
         [7, 8, 9]])
 
+<comment># Transpose using getT()</comment>
 >>> <mark>m.getT()</mark>
 matrix([[1, 4, 7],
         [2, 5, 8],
         [3, 6, 9]])
 
+<comment># Transpose using transpose()</comment>
 >>> <mark>m.transpose()</mark>
 matrix([[1, 4, 7],
         [2, 5, 8],
         [3, 6, 9]])
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdevyzz.html b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdevyzz.html
index 87aa29b..321f02e 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdevyzz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdevyzz.html
@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@
 >>> <mark>arr2 = array([0, 0, -1, 3.14, 'K', 'W'])</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr1.size, arr2.size</mark>
 (5, 6)
+
+<comment># Comparing arrays of different sizes</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr1 == arr2</mark>
-<warning>&lt;stdin>:1: FutureWarning: elementwise comparison failed; 
+<warning>&lt;stdin>:1: FutureWarning: elementwise comparison failed;
 returning scalar instead, but in the future will perform elementwise comparison</warning>
 False
 
@@ -21,10 +23,13 @@
 >>> <mark>arr1.size, arr2.size</mark>
 (5, 5)
 
+<comment># Comparing arrays of same size</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr1 == arr2</mark>
 array([False,  True,  True,  True, False])
 <hr>>>> <mark>arr1 = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr2 = array([5, 4, 3, 2, 1])</mark>
+
+<comment># Comparison operators</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr1 == arr2</mark>
 array([False, False,  True, False, False])
 
@@ -37,6 +42,7 @@
 >>> <mark>arr1 &lt;= arr2</mark>
 array([ True,  True,  True, False, False])
 
+<comment># any() and all() functions</comment>
 >>> <mark>any(arr1 > 2)</mark>
 True
 
@@ -49,9 +55,10 @@
 >>> <mark>all(arr1 > 1)</mark>
 False
 
+<comment># Logical operators</comment>
 >>> <mark>logical_and(arr1 >= 3, arr1 &lt;= 3)</mark>
 array([False, False,  True, False, False])
 
 >>> <mark>logical_or(arr1 >= 3, arr1 &lt;= 3)</mark>
 array([ True,  True,  True,  True,  True])
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdomegf.html b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdomegf.html
index 6ba71e9..0e8ae89 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdomegf.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdomegf.html
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
 >>> <mark>from numpy import *</mark>
+<comment># Create matrices</comment>
 >>> <mark>m1 = matrix("1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9")</mark>
 >>> <mark>m2 = matrix("9 8 7; 6 5 4; 3 2 1")</mark>
 >>> <mark>m1</mark>
@@ -19,23 +20,27 @@
         [6, 5, 4],
         [3, 2, 1]])
 
+<comment># Matrix addition</comment>
 >>> <mark>m1 + m2</mark>
 matrix([[10, 10, 10],
         [10, 10, 10],
         [10, 10, 10]])
 
+<comment># Matrix subtraction</comment>
 >>> <mark>m1 - m2</mark>
 matrix([[-8, -6, -4],
         [-2,  0,  2],
         [ 4,  6,  8]])
 
+<comment># Matrix multiplication</comment>
 >>> <mark>m1 * m2</mark>
 matrix([[ 30,  24,  18],
         [ 84,  69,  54],
         [138, 114,  90]])
 
+<comment># Matrix division</comment>
 >>> <mark>m1 / m2</mark>
 matrix([[0.11111111, 0.25      , 0.42857143],
         [0.66666667, 1.        , 1.5       ],
         [2.33333333, 4.        , 9.        ]])
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdskedg.html b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdskedg.html
index 32f9fdf..96563c9 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdskedg.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdskedg.html
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
 >>> <mark>from numpy import *</mark>
+<comment># Create arrays with specific number of elements</comment>
 >>> <mark>linspace(0, 24, 3)</mark>
 array([ 0., 12., 24.])
 
@@ -23,6 +24,8 @@
 >>> <mark>arr = linspace(0, 24, 5)</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array([ 0.,  6., 12., 18., 24.])
+
+<comment># Array properties</comment>
 >>> <mark>len(arr)</mark>
 5
 
@@ -35,6 +38,7 @@
 >>> <mark>sort(arr)</mark>
 array([ 0.,  6., 12., 18., 24.])
 
+<comment># Modifying elements</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr=append(arr, 30)</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array([ 0.,  6., 12., 18., 24., 30.])
@@ -48,9 +52,11 @@
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array([ 6., 12., 18., 24., 30.])
 
+<comment># Convert to list</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr.tolist()</mark>
 [6.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0, 30.0]
 
+<comment># Reverse array</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr[::-1]</mark>
 array([30., 24., 18., 12.,  6.])
 </pre></span>
@@ -58,6 +64,7 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Create arrays using the logspace() function</div>
 <span><pre>
 >>> <mark>from numpy import *</mark>
+<comment># Logarithmic spacing</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr = logspace(0, 20, 5)</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array([1.e+00, 1.e+05, 1.e+10, 1.e+15, 1.e+20])
@@ -70,4 +77,4 @@
 
 >>> <mark>max(arr)</mark>
 1e+20
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdvalhi.html b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdvalhi.html
index aaa1669..ffd686a 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdvalhi.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdvalhi.html
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
 >>> <mark>from numpy import *</mark>
+<comment># Create array with range and step</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr = arange(0, 50, 2)</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array([ 0,  2,  4,  6,  8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32,
@@ -21,13 +22,16 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Create an array using zeros() function</div>
 <span><pre>
 >>> <mark>from numpy import *</mark>
+<comment># Create integer array of zeros</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr = zeros(5, int)</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
 
+<comment># Adding scalar to array</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr + 3</mark>
 array([3, 3, 3, 3, 3])
 
+<comment># Create float array of zeros</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr = zeros(5, float)</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array([0., 0., 0., 0., 0.])
@@ -36,14 +40,17 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Create an array using ones() function</div>
 <span><pre>
 >>> <mark>from numpy import *</mark>
+<comment># Create integer array of ones</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr = ones(5, int)</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array([1, 1, 1, 1, 1])
 
+<comment># Adding scalar to array</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr + 3</mark>
 array([4, 4, 4, 4, 4])
 
+<comment># Create float array of ones</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr = ones(5, float)</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array([1., 1., 1., 1., 1.])
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdwzddw.html b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdwzddw.html
index 3e70d07..5f7e96a 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdwzddw.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdwzddw.html
@@ -13,18 +13,24 @@
   File "&lt;stdin>", line 1, in &lt;module>
 ValueError: bad typecode (must be b, B, u, h, H, i, I, l, L, q, Q, f or d)</error>
 
+<comment># Create integer array</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr = array("i", [40, 96, 24, 55, 78, -111])</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array('i', [40, 96, 24, 55, 78, -111])
+
+<comment># Access element</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr[0]</mark>
 40
 
+<comment># Length of array</comment>
 >>> <mark>len(arr)</mark>
 6
 
+<comment># Maximum value</comment>
 >>> <mark>max(arr)</mark>
 96
 
+<comment># Minimum value</comment>
 >>> <mark>min(arr)</mark>
 -111
 
@@ -33,16 +39,20 @@
 
 >>> <mark>arr.typecode</mark>
 'i'
-<hr>>>> <mark>for i in arr:</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Iterate over array</comment>
+>>> <mark>for i in arr:</mark>
 ...     <mark>print(i)</mark>
-... 
+...
 40
 96
 24
 55
 78
 -111
-<hr>>>> <mark>arr = array("u", ['x', 'y', 'z'])</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Create unicode character array</comment>
+>>> <mark>arr = array("u", ['x', 'y', 'z'])</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr</mark>
 array('u', 'xyz')
 
@@ -51,7 +61,7 @@
 
 >>> <mark>for ch in arr:</mark>
 ...     <mark>print(ch)</mark>
-... 
+...
 x
 y
 z
@@ -64,13 +74,16 @@
 >>> <mark>arr1</mark>
 array('i', [40, 96, 24, 55, 78, -111])
 
+<comment># Append element</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr1.append(-111)</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr1</mark>
 array('i', [40, 96, 24, 55, 78, -111, -111])
 
+<comment># Count occurrences</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr1.count(-111)</mark>
 2
 
+<comment># Extend array</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr1.extend(arr2)</mark>
 <error>Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "&lt;stdin>", line 1, in &lt;module>
@@ -81,17 +94,21 @@
 >>> <mark>arr1</mark>
 array('i', [40, 96, 24, 55, 78, -111, -111, 314, 984])
 
+<comment># Index of element</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr1.index(-111)</mark>
 5
 
+<comment># Insert element</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr2.insert(0, 169)</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr2</mark>
 array('i', [169, 314, 984])
 
+<comment># Reverse array</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr2.reverse()</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr2</mark>
 array('i', [984, 314, 169])
 
+<comment># Pop element</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr2.pop()</mark>
 169
 
@@ -104,10 +121,16 @@
 >>> <mark>arr1</mark>
 array('i', [40, 96, 24, 55, 78, -111, -111, 314, 984])
 
+<comment># Remove element</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr1.remove(-111)</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr1</mark>
 array('i', [40, 96, 24, 55, 78, -111, 314, 984])
 
+<comment># Convert to list</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr1.tolist()</mark>
 [40, 96, 24, 55, 78, -111, 314, 984]
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+
+<comment># Buffer info (address, length)</comment>
+>>> <mark>arr1.buffer_info()</mark>
+(140543086364528, 8)
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdykhed.html b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdykhed.html
index 01e85c7..c7d264d 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdykhed.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdykhed.html
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 >>> <mark>from numpy import *</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr = array([25, 27, 25, 1, 0, -1, 3.14])</mark>
 
+<comment># Basic aggregate functions</comment>
 >>> <mark>sum(arr)</mark>
 80.14
 
@@ -22,18 +23,21 @@
 >>> <mark>max(arr)</mark>
 27.0
 
+<comment># Index of min and max values</comment>
 >>> <mark>argmin(arr)</mark>
 5
 
 >>> <mark>argmax(arr)</mark>
 1
 
+<comment># Unique elements and sorting</comment>
 >>> <mark>unique(arr)</mark>
 array([-1.  ,  0.  ,  1.  ,  3.14, 25.  , 27.  ])
 
 >>> <mark>sort(arr)</mark>
 array([-1.  ,  0.  ,  1.  ,  3.14, 25.  , 25.  , 27.  ])
 
+<comment># Mathematical operations</comment>
 >>> <mark>log(arr)</mark>
 <warning>&lt;stdin>:1: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in log
 &lt;stdin>:1: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in log</warning>
@@ -55,6 +59,7 @@
 array([7.20048993e+10, 5.32048241e+11, 7.20048993e+10, 2.71828183e+00,
        1.00000000e+00, 3.67879441e-01, 2.31038669e+01])
 
+<comment># Statistical functions</comment>
 >>> <mark>mean(arr)</mark>
 11.448571428571428
 
@@ -72,6 +77,7 @@
 <hr>>>> <mark>arr1 = array([1, -1, 3.14, "GoDarda", 'K'])</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr2 = array([0, 'W'])</mark>
 
+<comment># Concatenation</comment>
 >>> <mark>concatenate([arr1, arr2])</mark>
 array(['1', '-1', '3.14', 'GoDarda', 'K', '0', 'W'], dtype='&lt;U32')
 </pre></span>
@@ -81,6 +87,7 @@
 >>> <mark>from numpy import *</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr = array([25, 27, 25, 1, 0, -1, 3.14])</mark>
 
+<comment># Trigonometric functions</comment>
 >>> <mark>sin(arr)</mark>
 array([-0.13235175,  0.95637593, -0.13235175,  0.84147098,  0.        ,
        -0.84147098,  0.00159265])
@@ -93,6 +100,7 @@
 array([-1.33526407e-01, -3.27370380e+00, -1.33526407e-01,  1.55740772e+00,
         0.00000000e+00, -1.55740772e+00, -1.59265494e-03])
 
+<comment># Inverse trigonometric functions</comment>
 >>> <mark>arcsin(arr)</mark>
 array([        nan,         nan,         nan,  1.57079633,  0.        ,
        -1.57079633,         nan])
@@ -104,4 +112,4 @@
 >>> <mark>arctan(arr)</mark>
 array([ 1.53081764,  1.53377621,  1.53081764,  0.78539816,  0.        ,
        -0.78539816,  1.26248066])
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdzxhny.html b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdzxhny.html
index c931825..4f11005 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdzxhny.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdzxhny.html
@@ -12,9 +12,10 @@
 >>> <mark>arr2 = array(['x', 'y', 'z'])</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr3 = array(["Orange", "Pineapple", "Banana", "Blueberry", "Grapes", "Fig"])</mark>
 
+<comment># Accessing elements using index</comment>
 >>> <mark>for i in range(len(arr1)):</mark>
 ...     <mark>print(arr[i])</mark>
-... 
+...
 40
 96
 24
@@ -24,14 +25,16 @@
 
 >>> <mark>for s in range(len(arr3)):</mark>
 ...     <mark>print(arr3[s])</mark>
-... 
+...
 Orange
 Pineapple
 Banana
 Blueberry
 Grapes
 Fig
-<hr>>>> <mark>arr1[3:]</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Slicing the array</comment>
+>>> <mark>arr1[3:]</mark>
 array([  55,   78, -111])
 
 >>> <mark>arr1[-3:]</mark>
@@ -42,7 +45,9 @@
 
 >>> <mark>arr1[:]</mark>
 array([  40,   96,   24,   55,   78, -111])
-<hr>>>> <mark>arr1[0:6:1]</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Slicing with step</comment>
+>>> <mark>arr1[0:6:1]</mark>
 array([  40,   96,   24,   55,   78, -111])
 
 >>> <mark>arr1[0:6:2]</mark>
@@ -65,4 +70,8 @@
 
 >>> <mark>arr2[::-1]</mark>
 array(['z', 'y', 'x'], dtype='&lt;U1')
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+
+<comment># Accessing elements using take()</comment>
+>>> <mark>take(arr1, [0, 2, 4])</mark>
+array([40, 24, 78])
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdzyigz.html b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdzyigz.html
index f18fe0e..f039e76 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdzyigz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/arrays/gdzyigz.html
@@ -12,9 +12,11 @@
 >>> <mark>arr2 = array(['x','y','z'])</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr3 = array(["Orange", "Pineapple", "Banana", "Blueberry", "Grapes", "Fig"])</mark>
 
+<comment># Size of the array</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr1.size, arr2.size, arr3.size</mark>
 (6, 3, 6)
 
+<comment># Data type of elements</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr1.dtype, arr2.dtype, arr3.dtype</mark>
 (dtype('int64'), dtype('&lt;U1'), dtype('&lt;U9'))
 
@@ -30,12 +32,14 @@
 >>> <mark>arr1.ndim, arr2.ndim, arr3.ndim</mark>
 (1, 1, 1)
 
+<comment># Accessing elements</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr1[0], arr2[0], arr3[0]</mark>
 (40, 'x', 'Orange')
 
+<comment># Iterating over arrays</comment>
 >>> <mark>for i in arr1:</mark>
 ...     <mark>print(i)</mark>
-... 
+...
 40
 96
 24
@@ -45,7 +49,7 @@
 
 >>> <mark>for s in arr3:</mark>
 ...     <mark>print(s)</mark>
-... 
+...
 Orange
 Pineapple
 Banana
@@ -61,15 +65,18 @@
 >>> <mark>arr2 = array(['x','y','z'])</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr3 = array(["Orange", "Pineapple", "Banana", "Blueberry", "Grapes", "Fig"])</mark>
 
+<comment># Length of the array</comment>
 >>> <mark>len(arr1), len(arr2), len(arr3)</mark>
 (6, 3, 6)
 
+<comment># Minimum and Maximum values</comment>
 >>> <mark>min(arr1), min(arr2), min(arr3)</mark>
 (-111, 'x', 'Banana')
 
 >>> <mark>max(arr1), max(arr2), max(arr3)</mark>
 (96, 'z', 'Pineapple')
 
+<comment># Sorting the array</comment>
 >>> <mark>sort(arr1)</mark>
 array([-111,   24,   40,   55,   78,   96])
 
@@ -79,14 +86,17 @@
 >>> <mark>sort(arr3)</mark>
 array(['Banana', 'Blueberry', 'Fig', 'Grapes', 'Orange', 'Pineapple'], dtype='&lt;U9')
 
+<comment># Appending elements</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr2 = append(arr2, 'w')</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr2</mark>
 array(['x', 'y', 'z', 'w'], dtype='&lt;U1')
 
+<comment># Deleting elements</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr2 = delete(arr2, 3)</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr2</mark>
 array(['x', 'y', 'z'], dtype='&lt;U1')
 
+<comment># Inserting elements</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr3 = insert(arr3, 0, "Cherry")</mark>
 >>> <mark>arr3</mark>
 array(['Cherry', 'Orange', 'Pineapple', 'Banana', 'Blueberry', 'Grapes', 'Fig'], dtype='&lt;U9')
@@ -95,6 +105,17 @@
 >>> <mark>arr3</mark>
 array(['Orange', 'Pineapple', 'Banana', 'Blueberry', 'Grapes', 'Fig'], dtype='&lt;U9')
 
+<comment># Convert to list</comment>
 >>> <mark>arr1.tolist()</mark>
 [40, 96, 24, 55, 78, -111]
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+
+<comment># Create array filled with specific value</comment>
+>>> <mark>full((2, 2), 7)</mark>
+array([[7, 7],
+       [7, 7]])
+
+<comment># Repeat elements of an array</comment>
+>>> <mark>repeat(arr1, 2)</mark>
+array([  40,   40,   96,   96,   24,   24,   55,   55,   78,   78, -111,
+       -111])
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/ds/gdcgaye.html b/pages/learn/python/ds/gdcgaye.html
index 890e33d..12c15ea 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/ds/gdcgaye.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/ds/gdcgaye.html
@@ -8,30 +8,38 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
 >>> <mark>days = ('Sunday','Monday','Tuesday','Wednesday','Thursday','Sunday','Friday','Saturday')</mark>
+<comment># Accessing elements using index</comment>
 >>> <mark>days[0]</mark>
 'Sunday'
 
+<comment># Slicing the tuple</comment>
 >>> <mark>days[0:3]</mark>
 ('Sunday', 'Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday')
 
+<comment># Negative indexing</comment>
 >>> <mark>days[-1]</mark>
 'Saturday'
 
+<comment># Sorting the tuple</comment>
 >>> <mark>sorted(days)</mark>
 ['Friday', 'Monday', 'Saturday', 'Sunday', 'Sunday', 'Thursday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday']
 
+<comment># Min and Max values</comment>
 >>> <mark>max(days)</mark>
 'Wednesday'
 
 >>> <mark>min(days)</mark>
 'Friday'
 
+<comment># Length of the tuple</comment>
 >>> <mark>len(days)</mark>
 8
 
+<comment># Count occurrences</comment>
 >>> <mark>days.count('Sunday')</mark>
 2
 
+<comment># Index of element</comment>
 >>> <mark>days.index('Sunday')</mark>
 0
 
@@ -41,6 +49,7 @@
 >>> <mark>days.index('Sunday',1,)</mark>
 5
 
+<comment># Deleting the tuple</comment>
 >>> <mark>del days</mark>
 
 >>> <mark>days</mark>
@@ -103,11 +112,13 @@
 >>> <mark>KV['s1']</mark>
 'Linus'
 
+<comment># Convert dictionary keys to tuple</comment>
 >>> <mark>KVtuple = tuple(KV)</mark>
 >>> <mark>KVtuple</mark>
 ('s1', 's2', 's3')
 
+<comment># Convert dictionary items to tuple</comment>
 >>> <mark>KVtuple = tuple(KV.items())</mark>
 >>> <mark>KVtuple</mark>
 (('s1', 'Linus'), ('s2', 'Thomson'), ('s3', 'Edison'))
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/ds/gdwkwvz.html b/pages/learn/python/ds/gdwkwvz.html
index a950d38..e040e76 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/ds/gdwkwvz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/ds/gdwkwvz.html
@@ -11,60 +11,73 @@
 >>> <mark>KV</mark>
 {'s3': 'Edison', 's2': 'Thomson', 's1': 'Linus'}
 
+<comment># Accessing value using key</comment>
 >>> <mark>KV['s2']</mark>
 'Thomson'
 
+<comment># Length of dictionary</comment>
 >>> <mark>len(KV)</mark>
 3
 
+<comment># Max and Min keys</comment>
 >>> <mark>max(KV)</mark>
 's3'
 
 >>> <mark>min(KV)</mark>
 's1'
 
+<comment># Copying dictionary</comment>
 >>> <mark>Dict=KV.copy()</mark>
 >>> <mark>Dict</mark>
 {'s1': 'Linus', 's2': 'Thomson', 's3': 'Edison'}
 
+<comment># Adding/Modifying elements</comment>
 >>> <mark>KV['s4']='Neil'</mark>
 >>> <mark>KV</mark>
 {'s3': 'Edison', 's2': 'Thomson', 's1': 'Linus', 's4': 'Neil'}
 
+<comment># Updating dictionary</comment>
 >>> <mark>KV.update(s5='John')</mark>
 >>> <mark>KV</mark>
 {'s1': 'Linus', 's2': 'Thomson', 's3': 'Edison', 's4': 'Neil', 's5': 'John'}
 
+<comment># Deleting element</comment>
 >>> <mark>del KV['s5']</mark>
 >>> <mark>KV</mark>
 {'s1': 'Linus', 's2': 'Thomson', 's3': 'Edison', 's4': 'Neil'}
 
+<comment># Get keys</comment>
 >>> <mark>KV.keys()</mark>
 dict_keys(['s1', 's2', 's3', 's4'])
 
+<comment># Get values</comment>
 >>> <mark>KV.values()</mark>
 dict_values(['Linus', 'Thomson', 'Edison', 'Neil'])
 
+<comment># Get items (key-value pairs)</comment>
 >>> <mark>KV.items()</mark>
 dict_items([('s1', 'Linus'), ('s2', 'Thomson'), ('s3', 'Edison'), ('s4', 'Neil')])
 
+<comment># Iterating over items</comment>
 >>> <mark>for(a,b) in KV.items():</mark>
 ...     <mark>print(b,a)</mark>
-... 
+...
 Linus s1
 Thomson s2
 Edison s3
 Neil s4
 
+<comment># Iterating over values</comment>
 >>> <mark>for(a) in KV.values():</mark>
 ...     <mark>print(a)</mark>
-... 
+...
 Linus
 Thomson
 Edison
 Neil
 
+<comment># Clearing dictionary</comment>
 >>> <mark>KV.clear()</mark>
 >>> <mark>KV</mark>
 {}
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/ds/gdxpzmp.html b/pages/learn/python/ds/gdxpzmp.html
index d87afce..ab17544 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/ds/gdxpzmp.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/ds/gdxpzmp.html
@@ -10,16 +10,19 @@
 >>> <mark>set1 = {'Sunday','Monday','Tuesday','Sunday'}</mark>
 >>> <mark>set2 = {'Wednesday','Thursday','Friday','Friday','Saturday'}</mark>
 
+<comment># Display sets (duplicates removed)</comment>
 >>> <mark>set1</mark>
 {'Monday', 'Sunday', 'Tuesday'}
 >>> <mark>set2</mark>
 {'Wednesday', 'Friday', 'Thursday', 'Saturday'}
 
+<comment># Length of set</comment>
 >>> <mark>len(set1)</mark>
 3
 >>> <mark>len(set2)</mark>
 4
 
+<comment># Max and Min values</comment>
 >>> <mark>max(set1)</mark>
 'Tuesday'
 >>> <mark>min(set1)</mark>
@@ -96,6 +99,7 @@
 >>> <mark>set2</mark>
 {'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Saturday'}
 
+<comment># Clear set</comment>
 >>> <mark>set2.clear()</mark>
 >>> <mark>set2</mark>
 set()
@@ -111,10 +115,11 @@
 >>> <mark>set2 = {'Wednesday','Thursday','Friday','Friday','Saturday'}</mark>
 
 >>> <mark>set1</mark>
-{'Monday', 'Friday', 'Sunday'} 
+{'Monday', 'Friday', 'Sunday'}
 >>> <mark>set2</mark>
 {'Wednesday', 'Friday', 'Thursday', 'Saturday'}
- 
+
+<comment># Union of sets</comment>
 >>> <mark>set1.union(set2)</mark>
 {'Wednesday', 'Monday', 'Friday', 'Sunday', 'Thursday', 'Saturday'}
 
@@ -123,8 +128,14 @@
 >>> <mark>set2</mark>
 {'Wednesday', 'Friday', 'Thursday', 'Saturday'}
 
+<comment># Intersection of sets</comment>
 >>> <mark>set1.intersection(set2)</mark>
 {'Friday'}
+
+<comment># Intersection update</comment>
+>>> <mark>set1.intersection_update(set2)</mark>
+>>> <mark>set1</mark>
+{'Friday'}
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">difference() and symmetric_difference() methods</div>
@@ -132,16 +143,19 @@
 >>> <mark>set1 = {'Sunday','Monday','Friday','Sunday'}</mark>
 >>> <mark>set2 = {'Wednesday','Thursday','Friday','Friday','Saturday'}</mark>
 
+<comment># Difference of sets</comment>
 >>> <mark>set1.difference(set2)</mark>
 {'Monday', 'Sunday'}
 >>> <mark>set2.difference(set1)</mark>
 {'Thursday', 'Saturday', 'Wednesday'}
 
+<comment># Symmetric difference</comment>
 >>> <mark>set1.symmetric_difference(set2)</mark>
 {'Sunday', 'Monday', 'Saturday', 'Thursday', 'Wednesday'}
 >>> <mark>set1</mark>
 {'Monday', 'Sunday', 'Friday'}
 
+<comment># Symmetric difference update</comment>
 >>> <mark>set1.symmetric_difference_update(set2)</mark>
 >>> <mark>set1</mark>
 {'Sunday', 'Monday', 'Saturday', 'Thursday', 'Wednesday'}
@@ -149,19 +163,23 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Built-in set() function and operations</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Create set with duplicates</comment>
 >>> <mark>s={1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 4, 3, 3, 6, 6, 5, 6}</mark>
 >>> <mark>s</mark>
 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 
+<comment># Indexing not supported</comment>
 >>> <mark>s[1:3]</mark>
 <error>Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "&lt;stdin>", line 1, in &lt;module>
 TypeError: 'set' object is not subscriptable</error>
 
+<comment># Update set</comment>
 >>> <mark>s.update([7, 4, 0, 2])</mark>
 >>> <mark>s</mark>
 {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
 
+<comment># Remove element</comment>
 >>> <mark>s.remove(10)</mark>
 <error>Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "&lt;stdin>", line 1, in &lt;module>
@@ -171,7 +189,8 @@
 >>> <mark>s</mark>
 {0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
 
+<comment># Create set from string</comment>
 >>> <mark>s=set("Hello, World!")</mark>
 >>> <mark>s</mark>
-{'l', 'o', ' ', 'd', ',', '!', 'e', 'W', 'H', 'r'} 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+{'l', 'o', ' ', 'd', ',', '!', 'e', 'W', 'H', 'r'}
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/ds/gdzyzav.html b/pages/learn/python/ds/gdzyzav.html
index 7c020fc..39a644c 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/ds/gdzyzav.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/ds/gdzyzav.html
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
 >>> <mark>a=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]</mark>
+<comment># Slicing the list</comment>
 >>> <mark>a[2:5]</mark>
 [3, 4, 5]
 
@@ -20,21 +21,26 @@
 >>> <mark>a</mark>
 [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
 <hr>>>> <mark>strings=['Thomson','1010011','999.99','A1D3T6Z']</mark>
+
+<comment># Accessing elements using index</comment>
 >>> <mark>strings[0]</mark>
 'Thomson'
 
 >>> <mark>strings[3]</mark>
 'A1D3T6Z'
 
+<comment># Negative indexing</comment>
 >>> <mark>strings[-1]</mark>
 'A1D3T6Z'
 
 >>> <mark>strings[-4]</mark>
 'Thomson'
 
+<comment># Length of the list</comment>
 >>> <mark>len(strings)</mark>
 4
 
+<comment># Modifying elements</comment>
 >>> <mark>strings[0]='Neil'</mark>
 >>> <mark>strings[0]</mark>
 'Neil'
@@ -45,42 +51,51 @@
 >>> <mark>strings</mark>
 ['Neil', '1010011', '999.99', 'A1D3T6Z']
 
+<comment># Deleting element</comment>
 >>> <mark>del strings[3]</mark>
 >>> <mark>strings</mark>
 ['Neil', '1010011', '999.99']
 
+<comment># Appending element</comment>
 >>> <mark>strings.append('Edison')</mark>
 >>> <mark>strings</mark>
 ['Neil', '1010011', '999.99', 'Edison']
 
+<comment># Reversing the list</comment>
 >>> <mark>strings.reverse()</mark>
 >>> <mark>strings</mark>
 ['Edison', '999.99', '1010011', 'Neil']
 
+<comment># Sorting the list</comment>
 >>> <mark>strings.sort()</mark>
 >>> <mark>strings</mark>
 ['1010011', '999.99', 'Edison', 'Neil']
 
+<comment># Inserting element</comment>
 >>> <mark>strings.insert(2,'Linus')</mark>
 >>> <mark>strings</mark>
 ['1010011', '999.99', 'Linus', 'Edison', 'Neil']
 
+<comment># Removing element</comment>
 >>> <mark>strings.remove('999.99')</mark>
 >>> <mark>strings</mark>
 ['1010011', 'Linus', 'Edison', 'Neil']
 
+<comment># Concatenation</comment>
 >>> <mark>strings+[1,2,3,4]</mark>
 ['1010011', 'Linus', 'Edison', 'Neil', 1, 2, 3, 4]
 
 >>> <mark>strings</mark>
 ['1010011', 'Linus', 'Edison', 'Neil']
 
+<comment># Convert to list</comment>
 >>> <mark>list(strings)</mark>
 ['1010011', 'Linus', 'Edison', 'Neil']
 
 >>> <mark>list('strings')</mark>
 ['s', 't', 'r', 'i', 'n', 'g', 's']
 
+<comment># Membership testing</comment>
 >>> <mark>'neil' in strings</mark>
 False
 
@@ -90,13 +105,15 @@
 >>> <mark>'Thomson' not in strings</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Pop element</comment>
 >>> <mark>strings.pop(0)</mark>
 '1010011'
 
 >>> <mark>strings</mark>
 ['Linus', 'Edison', 'Neil']
 
+<comment># Delete element by index</comment>
 >>> <mark>del strings[2]</mark>
 >>> <mark>strings</mark>
 ['Linus', 'Edison']
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gddveuh.html b/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gddveuh.html
index c8077b4..5a5d68a 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gddveuh.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gddveuh.html
@@ -8,52 +8,69 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
 >>> <mark>import math</mark>
+<comment># Get the value of pi</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.pi</mark>
 3.141592653589793
 
+<comment># Convert radians to degrees</comment>
 <mark>math.degrees(math.pi)</mark>
 180.0
 
+<comment># Convert degrees to radians</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.radians(180)</mark>
 3.141592653589793
-<hr>>>> <mark>math.sin(0)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Sine of angle in radians</comment>
+>>> <mark>math.sin(0)</mark>
 0.0
 
+<comment># Cosine of angle in radians</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.cos(30)</mark>
 0.15425144988758405
 
+<comment># Tangent of angle in radians</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.tan(45)</mark>
 1.6197751905438615
-<hr>>>> <mark>math.sin(math.radians(0))</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Sine of angle in degrees</comment>
+>>> <mark>math.sin(math.radians(0))</mark>
 0.0
 
+<comment># Cosine of angle in degrees</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.cos(math.radians(30))</mark>
 0.8660254037844387
 
+<comment># Tangent of angle in degrees</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.tan(math.radians(45))</mark>
 0.9999999999999999
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Compute inverse trigonometric ratios</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Inverse sine (arcsine)</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.asin(0)</mark>
 0.0
 
+<comment># Inverse cosine (arccosine)</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.acos(0)</mark>
 1.5707963267948966
 
+<comment># Inverse tangent (arctangent)</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.atan(1)</mark>
 0.7853981633974483
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Compute hyperbolic trigonometric ratios</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Hyperbolic sine</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.sinh(0)</mark>
 0.0
 
+<comment># Hyperbolic cosine</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.cosh(0)</mark>
 1.0
 
+<comment># Hyperbolic tangent</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.tanh(1)</mark>
 0.7615941559557649
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdexazw.html b/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdexazw.html
index e4442c0..7350012 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdexazw.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdexazw.html
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
->>> <mark>1 and 1</mark>    <comment>#1 & 1</comment>
+<comment># Logical AND with numbers</comment>
+>>> <mark>1 and 1</mark>
 1
 
 >>> <mark>1 and 0</mark>
@@ -18,7 +19,9 @@
 
 >>> <mark>0 and 0</mark>
 0
-<hr>>>> <mark>1 or 1</mark>    <comment>#1 | 1</comment>
+<hr>
+<comment># Logical OR with numbers</comment>
+>>> <mark>1 or 1</mark>
 1
 
 >>> <mark>1 or 0</mark>
@@ -29,7 +32,9 @@
 
 >>> <mark>0 or 0</mark>
 0
-<hr>>>> <mark>True and True</mark>    <comment>#True & True</comment>
+<hr>
+<comment># Logical AND with booleans</comment>
+>>> <mark>True and True</mark>
 True
 
 >>> <mark>True and False</mark>
@@ -40,7 +45,9 @@
 
 >>> <mark>False and False</mark>
 False
-<hr>>>> <mark>True or True</mark>    <comment>#True | True</comment>
+<hr>
+<comment># Logical OR with booleans</comment>
+>>> <mark>True or True</mark>
 True
 
 >>> <mark>True or False</mark>
@@ -51,12 +58,16 @@
 
 >>> <mark>False or False</mark>
 False
-<hr>>>> <mark>not True</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Logical NOT</comment>
+>>> <mark>not True</mark>
 False
 
 >>> <mark>not False</mark>
 True
-<hr>>>> <mark>print(True+True)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Arithmetic operations with booleans</comment>
+>>> <mark>print(True+True)</mark>
 2
 
 >>> <mark>print(True-False)</mark>
@@ -64,7 +75,9 @@
 
 >>> <mark>print(False-True)</mark>
 -1
-<hr>>>> <mark>1==1</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Comparison operators</comment>
+>>> <mark>1==1</mark>
 True
 
 >>> <mark>1<1</mark>
@@ -81,7 +94,9 @@
 
 >>> <mark>-0.0==0.0</mark>
 True
-<hr>>>> <mark>a='Hello'</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># String comparison</comment>
+>>> <mark>a='Hello'</mark>
 >>> <mark>b='hello'</mark>
 >>> <mark>a==b</mark>
 False
@@ -89,4 +104,4 @@
 >>> <mark>b='Hello'</mark>
 >>> <mark>a==b</mark>
 True
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdvyafu.html b/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdvyafu.html
index 35015b9..cdd091f 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdvyafu.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdvyafu.html
@@ -7,30 +7,39 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Addition</comment>
 >>> <mark>10+20</mark>
 30
 
+<comment># Subtraction</comment>
 >>> <mark>10-20</mark>
 -10
 
+<comment># Multiplication</comment>
 >>> <mark>10*20</mark>
 200
 
+<comment># Power</comment>
 >>> <mark>2**10</mark>
 1024
 
+<comment># Division</comment>
 >>> <mark>10/20</mark>
 0.5
 
+<comment># Floor Division</comment>
 >>> <mark>10//20</mark>
 0
 
+<comment># Modulus</comment>
 >>> <mark>7%4</mark>
 3
 
+<comment># Bitwise XOR</comment>
 >>> <mark>7^4</mark>
 3
 
+<comment># Bitwise XOR</comment>
 >>> <mark>-7^4</mark>
 -3
 </pre></span>
@@ -40,15 +49,19 @@
 >>> <mark>c1=4+5j</mark>
 >>> <mark>c2=2+6j</mark>
 
+<comment># Addition</comment>
 >>> <mark>print(c1+c2)</mark>
 (6+11j)
 
+<comment># Subtraction</comment>
 >>> <mark>print(c1-c2)</mark>
 (2-1j)
 
+<comment># Multiplication</comment>
 >>> <mark>print(c1*c2)</mark>
 (-22+34j)
 
+<comment># Division</comment>
 >>> <mark>print(c1/c2)</mark>
 (0.95-0.35000000000000003j)
 </pre></span>
@@ -73,4 +86,4 @@
 
 >>> <mark>b</mark>
 10
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdwwvga.html b/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdwwvga.html
index 785cb93..ab6650b 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdwwvga.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdwwvga.html
@@ -8,36 +8,49 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
 >>> <mark>import math</mark>
+<comment># Get the value of pi</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.pi</mark>
 3.141592653589793
 
+<comment># Get the value of Euler's number</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.e</mark>
 2.718281828459045
 
+<comment># Exponential function e^x</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.exp(1)</mark>
 2.718281828459045
 
+<comment># Positive infinity constant</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.inf</mark>
 inf
 
+<comment># Not a Number (NaN) constant</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.nan</mark>
 nan
-<hr>>>> <mark>math.factorial(10)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Calculate factorial</comment>
+>>> <mark>math.factorial(10)</mark>
 3628800
 
+<comment># Floating point remainder</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.fmod(7,3)</mark>
 1.0
 
 >>> <mark>math.fmod(10.5,3.5)</mark>
 0.0
 
+<comment># Accurate floating point sum</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.fsum([1,1.1,3.14])</mark>
 5.24
 
+<comment># Split into fractional and integer parts</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.modf(10.5)</mark>
 (0.5, 10.0)
-<hr>>>> <mark>math.gcd(18,21)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Greatest Common Divisor (GCD)</comment>
+>>> <mark>math.gcd(18,21)</mark>
 3
+<comment># Least Common Multiple (LCM)</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.lcm(24,36)</mark>
 72
 </pre></span>
@@ -45,15 +58,19 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Logarithm functions</div>
 <span><pre>
 >>> <mark>import math</mark>
+<comment># Natural logarithm (base e)</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.log(2)</mark>
 0.6931471805599453
 
+<comment># Base-10 logarithm</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.log10(2)</mark>
 0.3010299956639812
 
+<comment># Base-2 logarithm</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.log2(2)</mark>
 1.0
 
+<comment># Logarithm with specific base</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.log(2,10)</mark>
 0.30102999566398114
 
@@ -64,24 +81,29 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">sqrt(), cbrt() and pow() functions</div>
 <span><pre>
 >>> <mark>import math</mark>
+<comment># Square root</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.sqrt(25)</mark>
 5.0
 
 >>> <mark>math.sqrt(20)</mark>
 4.47213595499958
 
+<comment># Cube root</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.cbrt(27)</mark>
 3.0000000000000004
 
+<comment># Power function</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.pow(2,10)</mark>
 1024.0
 
+<comment># Power operator</comment>
 >>> <mark>2**10</mark>
 1024
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">round(), floor(), ceil() and trunc() functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Round float to nearest integer</comment>
 >>> <mark>round(2.3)</mark>
 2
 
@@ -93,12 +115,16 @@
 
 >>> <mark>round(-2.8)</mark>
 -3
-<hr>>>> <mark>abs(2.3)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Absolute value</comment>
+>>> <mark>abs(2.3)</mark>
 2.3
 
 >>> <mark>abs(-2.3)</mark>
 2.3
-<hr>>>> <mark>import math</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Floor: largest integer <= x</comment>
+>>> <mark>import math</mark>
 >>> <mark>math.floor(2.3)</mark>
 2
 
@@ -110,7 +136,9 @@
 
 >>> <mark>math.floor(-2.8)</mark>
 -3
-<hr>>>> <mark>math.ceil(2.3)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Ceil: smallest integer >= x</comment>
+>>> <mark>math.ceil(2.3)</mark>
 3
 
 >>> <mark>math.ceil(2.8)</mark>
@@ -121,7 +149,9 @@
 
 >>> <mark>math.ceil(-2.8)</mark>
 -2
-<hr>>>> <mark>math.trunc(2.3)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Truncate to integer</comment>
+>>> <mark>math.trunc(2.3)</mark>
 2
 
 >>> <mark>math.trunc(2.8)</mark>
@@ -132,7 +162,9 @@
 
 >>> <mark>math.trunc(-2.8)</mark>
 -2
-<hr>>>> <mark>math.fabs(2.3)</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Absolute value as float</comment>
+>>> <mark>math.fabs(2.3)</mark>
 2.3
 
 >>> <mark>math.fabs(-2.3)</mark>
@@ -141,30 +173,38 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Explicit type conversion using int() and float() functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Convert float to int</comment>
 >>> <mark>int(7.99)</mark>
 7
 
+<comment># Convert int to float</comment>
 >>> <mark>float(7)</mark>
 7.0
 
+<comment># Convert string to integer</comment>
 >>> <mark>a=int('10')</mark>
 >>> <mark>b=int('20')</mark>
 >>> <mark>c=a+b</mark>
 >>> <mark>c</mark>
 30
-<hr>>>> <mark>float('inf')</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Infinity constant</comment>
+>>> <mark>float('inf')</mark>
 inf
 
+<comment># Not a Number (NaN) constant</comment>
 >>> <mark>float('nan')</mark>
 nan
 
 >>> <mark>import math</mark>
+<comment># Check for infinity</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.isinf(0)</mark>
 False
 
 >>> <mark>math.isinf(float('inf'))</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check for NaN</comment>
 >>> <mark>math.isnan(float('nan'))</mark>
 True
 </pre></span>
@@ -172,36 +212,50 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">Number conversion using int(), bin(), oct(), and hex() functions</div>
 <span><pre>
 >>> <mark>n=255</mark>
+<comment># Convert to binary string</comment>
 >>> <mark>print("Binary",bin(n))</mark>
 Binary 0b11111111
 
+<comment># Convert to octal string</comment>
 >>> <mark>print("Octal",oct(n))</mark>
 Octal 0o377
 
+<comment># Convert to hexadecimal string</comment>
 >>> <mark>print("Hexadecimal",hex(n))</mark>
 Hexadecimal 0xff
-<hr>>>> <mark>n="11111111"</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Convert binary string to decimal</comment>
+>>> <mark>n="11111111"</mark>
 >>> <mark>print("Decimal",int(n,2))</mark>
 Decimal 255
 
+<comment># Convert binary string to octal</comment>
 >>> <mark>print("Octal",oct(int(n,2)))</mark>
 Octal 0o377
 
+<comment># Convert binary string to hexadecimal</comment>
 >>> <mark>print("Hexadecimal",hex(int(n,2)))</mark>
 Hexadecimal 0xff
-<hr>>>> <mark>n=0o377</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Convert octal string to decimal</comment>
+>>> <mark>n=0o377</mark>
 >>> <mark>print("Decimal",int(n))</mark>
 Decimal 255
 
+<comment># Convert octal string to hexadecimal</comment>
 >>> <mark>print("Hexadecimal",hex(n))</mark>
 Hexadecimal 0xff
-<hr>>>> <mark>n=0Xff</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Convert hexadecimal string to decimal</comment>
+>>> <mark>n=0Xff</mark>
 >>> <mark>print("Decimal",int(n))</mark>
 Decimal 255
 
+<comment># Convert hexadecimal string to octal</comment>
 >>> <mark>print("Octal",oct(n))</mark>
 Octal 0o377
 
+<comment># Convert hexadecimal string to binary</comment>
 >>> <mark>print("Binary",bin(n))</mark>
 Binary 0b11111111
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdzexcz.html b/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdzexcz.html
index 46c9d1a..a2def14 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdzexcz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/fundamentals/gdzexcz.html
@@ -7,29 +7,36 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Check type of string</comment>
 >>> <mark>type('Hello, World!')</mark>
 &lt;class 'str'&gt;
 
+<comment># Check type of integer</comment>
 >>> <mark>type(7)</mark>
 &lt;class 'int'&gt;
 
+<comment># Check type of float</comment>
 >>> <mark>type(7.23)</mark>
 &lt;class 'float'&gt;
 
+<comment># Check type of boolean</comment>
 >>> <mark>type(True)</mark>
 &lt;class 'bool'&gt;
 
 >>> <mark>type(False)</mark>
 &lt;class 'bool'&gt;
 
+<comment># Check type of list</comment>
 >>> <mark>a=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]</mark>
 >>> <mark>type(a)</mark>
 &lt;class 'list'&gt;
 
+<comment># Check type of integer (parentheses don't make a tuple)</comment>
 >>> <mark>a=(1)</mark>
 >>> <mark>type(a)</mark>
 &lt;class 'int'&gt;
 
+<comment># Check type of tuple</comment>
 >>> <mark>a=(1, 1.1)</mark>
 >>> <mark>type(a)</mark>
 &lt;class 'tuple'&gt;
@@ -37,33 +44,41 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">range() function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Create a range object</comment>
 >>> <mark>range(10)</mark>
 range(0, 10)
 
+<comment># Convert range to list (0 to 9)</comment>
 >>> <mark>list(range(10))</mark>
 [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
 
+<comment># Range with start and stop (5 to 9)</comment>
 >>> <mark>list(range(5,10))</mark>
 [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
 
+<comment># Range with step 1</comment>
 >>> <mark>list(range(0,10,1))</mark>
 [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
 
+<comment># Range with step 2</comment>
 >>> <mark>list(range(0,10,2))</mark>
 [0, 2, 4, 6, 8]
- 
+
+<comment># Range with step 3</comment>
 >>> <mark>list(range(0,10,3))</mark>
 [0, 3, 6, 9]
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">chr() and ord() functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Get character from ASCII code</comment>
 >>> <mark>chr(42)</mark>
 '*'
 
 >>> <mark>chr(65)</mark>
 'A'
 
+<comment># Get ASCII code of character</comment>
 >>> <mark>ord('A')</mark>
 65
 
@@ -74,42 +89,55 @@
 <div class="terminalcard">bytes() and bytearray() functions</div>
 <span><pre>
 >>> <mark>a=[1,2,3,4,5,6]</mark>
+<comment># Access first element</comment>
 >>> a[0]</mark>
 1
 
+<comment># Access last element</comment>
 >>> <mark>a[-1]</mark>
 6
 
+<comment># Modify last element</comment>
 >>> <mark>a[-1]=-1000</mark>
 >>> <mark>a</mark>
 [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, -1000]
 
+<comment># Try converting invalid list to bytes</comment>
 >>> <mark>exp=bytes(a)</mark>
 <error>Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "&lt;stdin>", line 1, in &lt;module>
 ValueError: bytes must be in range(0, 256)</error>
 
+<comment># Modify last element to valid byte</comment>
 >>> <mark>a[-1]=255</mark>
 >>> <mark>a</mark>
 [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 255]
 
+<comment># Convert list to bytes</comment>
 >>> <mark>exp=bytes(a)</mark>
+<comment># Bytes are immutable (error)</comment>
 >>> <mark>exp[-1]=6</mark>
 <error>Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "&lt;stdin>", line 1, in &lt;module>
 TypeError: 'bytes' object does not support item assignment</error>
-<hr>>>> <mark>a=[1,2,3,4,5,6]</mark>
+<hr>
+>>> <mark>a=[1,2,3,4,5,6]</mark>
+<comment># Convert list to bytearray</comment>
 >>> <mark>exp=bytearray(a)</mark>
+<comment># Access first element</comment>
 >>> <mark>exp[0]</mark>
 1
 
+<comment># Access last element</comment>
 >>> <mark>exp[-1]</mark>
 6
 
+<comment># Bytearray is mutable</comment>
 >>> <mark>exp[-1]=255</mark>
 >>> <mark>exp</mark>
 bytearray(b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\xff')
 
+<comment># Iterate over bytearray</comment>
 >>> <mark>for i in exp: print(i)
 ... </mark>
 1
@@ -118,5 +146,5 @@
 4
 5
 255
->>> 
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+>>>
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/networking/gdyslwy.html b/pages/learn/python/networking/gdyslwy.html
index 11411bc..b4c50ed 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/networking/gdyslwy.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/networking/gdyslwy.html
@@ -13,8 +13,11 @@
 Processing triggers for man-db (2.11.2-1) ...
 root@gd:/home/godarda# <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Import the module</comment>
 >>> <mark>from netaddr import *</mark>
+<comment># Create an IP address object</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip=IPAddress('192.168.122.1')</mark>
+<comment># Check IP version</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.version</mark>
 4
 
@@ -24,31 +27,39 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Numerical Representation</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Integer representation</comment>
 >>> <mark>int(ip)</mark>
 3232266753
 
+<comment># Hexadecimal representation</comment>
 >>> <mark>hex(ip)</mark>
 '0xc0a87a01'
 
+<comment># Binary string representation</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.bin</mark>
 '0b11000000101010000111101000000001'
 
+<comment># Bits representation</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.bits()</mark>
 '11000000.10101000.01111010.00000001'
 
+<comment># Tuple of octets</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.words</mark>
 (192, 168, 122, 1)
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">IPAddress Function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Convert to IPv6</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip=IPAddress('192.168.122.1').ipv6()</mark>
 >>> <mark>ip</mark>
 IPAddress('::ffff:192.168.122.1')
 
+<comment># Check IP version</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.version</mark>
 6
 
+<comment># Check if IPv4 mapped</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.is_ipv4_mapped()</mark>
 True
 
@@ -67,28 +78,37 @@
 >>> <mark>ip.bits()</mark>
 '0000000000000000:0000000000000000:0000000000000000:0000000000000000
 :0000000000000000:1111111111111111:1100000010101000:0111101000000001'
-<hr>>>> <mark>ip=IPAddress('::ffff:192.168.122.1').ipv4()</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Convert to IPv4</comment>
+>>> <mark>ip=IPAddress('::ffff:192.168.122.1').ipv4()</mark>
 >>> <mark>ip</mark>
 IPAddress('192.168.122.1')
 
+<comment># Check if multicast</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.is_multicast()</mark>
 False
 
+<comment># Check if unicast</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.is_unicast()</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check if private</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.is_private()</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check if reserved</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.is_reserved()</mark>
 False
 
+<comment># Check if netmask</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.is_netmask()</mark>
 False
 
+<comment># Check if hostmask</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.is_hostmask()</mark>
 False
-<hr>>>> <mark>IPAddress('255.255.255.255').is_netmask()</mark>
+<hr>
+>>> <mark>IPAddress('255.255.255.255').is_netmask()</mark>
 True
 
 >>> <mark>IPAddress('255.255.255.255').is_hostmask()</mark>
@@ -100,37 +120,46 @@
 >>> <mark>IPAddress('224.0.0.0').is_multicast()</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check if loopback</comment>
 >>> <mark>IPAddress('127.1.1.0').is_loopback()</mark>
 True
 
 >>> <mark>IPAddress('::1').is_loopback()</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Compare IP addresses</comment>
 >>> <mark>IPAddress('::1')==IPAddress('127.1.1.0')</mark>
 False
 
+<comment># Reverse DNS lookup</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.reverse_dns</mark>
 '1.122.168.192.in-addr.arpa.'
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">IPNetwork Function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Create a network object</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip=IPNetwork('192.168.122.1/24')</mark>
 >>> <mark>ip</mark>
 IPNetwork('192.168.122.1/24')
 
+<comment># Get network address</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.network</mark>
 IPAddress('192.168.122.0')
 
+<comment># Get broadcast address</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.broadcast</mark>
 IPAddress('192.168.122.255')
 
+<comment># Get netmask</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.netmask</mark>
 IPAddress('255.255.255.0')
 
+<comment># Get hostmask</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.hostmask</mark>
 IPAddress('0.0.0.255')
 
+<comment># Get number of IP addresses</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.size</mark>
 256
 
@@ -141,10 +170,12 @@
 
 >>> <mark>ip.size</mark>
 4096
-<hr>>>> <mark>ip=IPNetwork('192.168.122.1/24')</mark>
+<hr>
+>>> <mark>ip=IPNetwork('192.168.122.1/24')</mark>
 >>> <mark>ip</mark>
 IPNetwork('192.168.122.1/24')
 
+<comment># Get CIDR representation</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.cidr</mark>
 IPNetwork('192.168.122.0/24')
 
@@ -160,16 +191,19 @@
 >>> <mark>ip.broadcast.bits()</mark>
 '11000000.10101000.01111010.11111111'
 
+<comment># List all IP addresses</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip_list=list(ip)</mark>
 >>> <mark>ip_list</mark>
 ... ...
 
+<comment># Get length of network</comment>
 >>> <mark>len(ip)</mark>
 256
 
 >>> <mark>len(ip_list)</mark>
 256
 
+<comment># Access specific IP by index</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip[-1]</mark>
 IPAddress('192.168.122.255')
 
@@ -178,7 +212,9 @@
 
 >>> <mark>ip[255]</mark>
 IPAddress('192.168.122.255')
-<hr>>>> <mark>IPNetwork('192.168.122.1/24')==IPNetwork('192.168.122.255/24')</mark>
+<hr>
+<comment># Compare networks</comment>
+>>> <mark>IPNetwork('192.168.122.1/24')==IPNetwork('192.168.122.255/24')</mark>
 True
 
 >>> <mark>IPNetwork('192.168.122.1/24')==IPNetwork('192.168.122.0/24')</mark>
@@ -190,9 +226,11 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">IPRange Function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Create an IP range</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip=IPRange('192.168.122.1','192.168.122.15')</mark>
+<comment># Get CIDR blocks for the range</comment>
 >>> <mark>ip.cidrs()</mark>
-[IPNetwork('192.168.122.1/32'), IPNetwork('192.168.122.2/31'), 
+[IPNetwork('192.168.122.1/32'), IPNetwork('192.168.122.2/31'),
 IPNetwork('192.168.122.4/30'), IPNetwork('192.168.122.8/29')]
 
 >>> <mark>IPRange('192.168.122.0','192.168.122.255')==IPNetwork('192.168.122.1/24')</mark>
@@ -204,15 +242,18 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">IPSet Function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Create an empty IP set</comment>
 >>> <mark>IPSet()</mark>
 IPSet([])
 
+<comment># Create a set with initial CIDR</comment>
 >>> <mark>IPSet(['192.168.122.1/24'])</mark>
 IPSet(['192.168.122.1/24'])
 
+<comment># Iterate over IPs in the set</comment>
 >>> <mark>for ip in IPSet(['192.168.122.1/24']):</mark>
 ...     <mark>print(ip)</mark>
-... 
+...
 192.168.122.0
 192.168.122.1
 192.168.122.2
@@ -223,15 +264,18 @@
 .
 .
 
+<comment># Add to set</comment>
 >>> <mark>S1=IPSet()</mark>
 >>> <mark>S1.add('192.168.122.1/24')</mark>
 >>> <mark>S1</mark>
 IPSet(['192.168.122.1/24'])
 
+<comment># Remove from set</comment>
 >>> <mark>S1.remove('192.168.122.1/24')</mark>
 >>> <mark>S1</mark>
 IPSet([])
 
+<comment># Add range to set</comment>
 >>> <mark>S1.add(IPRange('192.168.122.0','192.168.122.255'))</mark>
 >>> <mark>S1</mark>
 IPSet(['192.168.122.0/24'])
@@ -239,49 +283,59 @@
 >>> <mark>S1.remove(IPRange('192.168.122.6','192.168.122.255'))</mark>
 >>> <mark>S1</mark>
 IPSet(['192.168.122.0/30', '192.168.122.4/31'])
-<hr>>>> <mark>S1=IPSet(['192.168.122.1','192.168.122.255'])</mark>
+<hr>
+>>> <mark>S1=IPSet(['192.168.122.1','192.168.122.255'])</mark>
 >>> <mark>S2=IPSet(['192.168.122.1/24','192.168.122.255/24'])</mark>
 >>> <mark>S1</mark>
 IPSet(['192.168.122.1/32', '192.168.122.255/32'])
 >>> <mark>S2</mark>
 IPSet(['192.168.122.0/24'])
 
+<comment># Check superset</comment>
 >>> <mark>S1.issuperset(S2)</mark>
 False
 
 >>> <mark>S2.issuperset(S1)</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check subset</comment>
 >>> <mark>S1.issubset(S2)</mark>
 True
 
 >>> <mark>S2.issubset(S1)</mark>
 False
 
+<comment># Union</comment>
 >>> <mark>S1 | S2</mark>
 IPSet(['192.168.122.0/24'])
 
+<comment># Intersection</comment>
 >>> <mark>S1 & S2</mark>
 IPSet(['192.168.122.1/32', '192.168.122.255/32'])
 
+<comment># Difference</comment>
 >>> <mark>S1 - S2</mark>
 IPSet([])
 
+<comment># Symmetric difference</comment>
 >>> <mark>S1 ^ S2</mark>
-IPSet(['192.168.122.0/32', '192.168.122.2/31', '192.168.122.4/30', '192.168.122.8/29', 
-'192.168.122.16/28', '192.168.122.32/27', '192.168.122.64/26', '192.168.122.128/26', 
-'192.168.122.192/27', '192.168.122.224/28', '192.168.122.240/29', '192.168.122.248/30', 
+IPSet(['192.168.122.0/32', '192.168.122.2/31', '192.168.122.4/30', '192.168.122.8/29',
+'192.168.122.16/28', '192.168.122.32/27', '192.168.122.64/26', '192.168.122.128/26',
+'192.168.122.192/27', '192.168.122.224/28', '192.168.122.240/29', '192.168.122.248/30',
 '192.168.122.252/31', '192.168.122.254/32'])
 
+<comment># Check if disjoint</comment>
 >>> <mark>S1.isdisjoint(S2)</mark>
 False
 
+<comment># Update set</comment>
 >>> <mark>S2.update(IPRange('192.168.123.1','192.168.123.255'))</mark>
 >>> <mark>S2</mark>
-IPSet(['192.168.122.0/24', '192.168.123.1/32', '192.168.123.2/31', 
-'192.168.123.4/30', '192.168.123.8/29', '192.168.123.16/28', 
+IPSet(['192.168.122.0/24', '192.168.123.1/32', '192.168.123.2/31',
+'192.168.123.4/30', '192.168.123.8/29', '192.168.123.16/28',
 '192.168.123.32/27', '192.168.123.64/26', '192.168.123.128/25'])
 
+<comment># Clear set</comment>
 >>> <mark>S2.clear()</mark>
 >>> <mark>S2</mark>
 IPSet([])
@@ -290,6 +344,7 @@
 >>> <mark>S1</mark>
 IPSet(['192.168.122.255/32'])
 
+<comment># Check if contiguous</comment>
 >>> <mark>S1.iscontiguous()</mark>
 True
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/strings/gddduzz.html b/pages/learn/python/strings/gddduzz.html
index 59220db..8e18ae4 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/strings/gddduzz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/strings/gddduzz.html
@@ -7,32 +7,41 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Create string with double quotes</comment>
 >>> <mark>"GoDarda"</mark>
 'GoDarda'
 
+<comment># Create string with single quotes</comment>
 >>> <mark>'GoDarda'</mark>
 'GoDarda'
 
+<comment># Print a string</comment>
 >>> <mark>print("GoDarda")</mark>
 GoDarda
 
+<comment># Print string with escaped single quotes</comment>
 >>> <mark>print("\'GoDarda\'")</mark>
 'GoDarda'
 
+<comment># Print string with escaped double quotes</comment>
 >>> <mark>print('\"GoDarda\"')</mark>
 "GoDarda"
 
->>> <mark>print("Koding\nwindow")</mark>
-Koding
-window
+<comment># Print string with newline character</comment>
+>>> <mark>print("Go\nDarda")</mark>
+Go
+Darda
 
+<comment># Assign string to a variable</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd="GoDarda"</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd</mark>
 'GoDarda'
 
+<comment># Get length of the string</comment>
 >>> <mark>len(gd)</mark>
-12
+7
 
+<comment># Delete the variable</comment>
 >>> <mark>del gd</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd</mark>
 <error>Traceback (most recent call last):
@@ -42,40 +51,49 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Strings Concatenation</div>
 <span><pre>
->>> <mark>s1="Koding"</mark>
->>> <mark>s2="window"</mark>
+>>> <mark>s1="Go"</mark>
+>>> <mark>s2="Darda"</mark>
+<comment># Concatenate string with itself</comment>
 >>> <mark>s1+s1</mark>
-'KodingKoding'
+'GoGo'
 
+<comment># Concatenate two strings</comment>
 >>> <mark>s1+s2</mark>
 'GoDarda'
 
+<comment># Repeat string n times</comment>
 >>> <mark>s1*5</mark>
-'KodingKodingKodingKodingKoding'
+'GoGoGoGoGo'
 
+<comment># Create a tuple of strings</comment>
 >>> <mark>s1,s2</mark>
-('Koding', 'window')
+('Go', 'Darda')
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Escape Characters</div>
 <span><pre>
->>> <mark>gd="Koding\nwindow"</mark>
+<comment># String with newline escape sequence</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd="Go\nDarda"</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd</mark>
-'Koding\nwindow'
+'Go\nDarda'
 
->>> <mark>gd="Koding\nwindow"</mark>
+<comment># Print interpreting escape sequences</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd="Go\nDarda"</mark>
 >>> <mark>print(gd)</mark>
-Koding
-window
- 
->>> <mark>gd=r"Koding\nwindow"</mark>
+Go
+Darda
+
+<comment># Raw string (ignores escape sequences)</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd=r"Go\nDarda"</mark>
 >>> <mark>print(gd)</mark>
-Koding\nwindow
- 
+Go\nDarda
+
+<comment># Escape double quotes</comment>
 >>> <mark>print('\"GoDarda\"')</mark>
 "GoDarda"
 
->>> <mark>gd="Koding\twindow"</mark>
+<comment># String with tab escape sequence</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd="Go\tDarda"</mark>
 >>> <mark>print(gd)</mark>
-Koding	window
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+Go	Darda
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/strings/gdkgyxy.html b/pages/learn/python/strings/gdkgyxy.html
index e3d90ac..5bf574d 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/strings/gdkgyxy.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/strings/gdkgyxy.html
@@ -7,62 +7,79 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
->>> <mark>s1="Koding"</mark>
->>> <mark>s2="window"</mark>
+<comment># Assign string variables</comment>
+>>> <mark>s1="Go"</mark>
+>>> <mark>s2="Darda"</mark>
+<comment># Concatenate strings</comment>
 >>> <mark>s3=s1+s2</mark>
 >>> <mark>s3</mark>
 'GoDarda'
 
+<comment># Check for equality</comment>
 >>> <mark>s1==s2</mark>
 False
 
+<comment># Check for inequality</comment>
 >>> <mark>s1!=s2</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check if s1 is greater than s2</comment>
 >>> <mark>s1>s2</mark>
-False
+True
 
+<comment># Check if s1 is less than s2</comment>
 >>> <mark>s1&lt;s2</mark>
-True
+False
 
+<comment># Check if greater than or equal</comment>
 >>> <mark>s3>=s3</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check if less than or equal</comment>
 >>> <mark>s3<=s3</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check for equality</comment>
 >>> <mark>s3==s3</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check for inequality</comment>
 >>> <mark>s3!=s3</mark>
 False
 
+<comment># Check if objects are identical</comment>
 >>> <mark>s3 is s3</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check if objects are not identical</comment>
 >>> <mark>s3 is not s3</mark>
 False
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Strings are immutable (one can't alter the contents of the object)</div>
 <span><pre>
->>> <mark>s1="Koding"</mark>
->>> <mark>s2="window"</mark>
+<comment># Assign string variables</comment>
+>>> <mark>s1="Go"</mark>
+>>> <mark>s2="Darda"</mark>
+<comment># Get the unique identifier of the object</comment>
 >>> <mark>id(s1)</mark>
 140269279579312
 
 >>> <mark>id(s2)</mark>
 140269256679152
 
+<comment># Reassign s1 to point to s2</comment>
 >>> <mark>s1=s2</mark>
+<comment># Check IDs after reassignment</comment>
 >>> <mark>id(s1)</mark>
 140269256679152
 
 >>> <mark>id(s2)</mark>
 140269256679152
 
+<comment># Try to modify a character (raises error)</comment>
 >>> <mark>s2[0]="W"</mark>
 <error>Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "&lt;stdin&gt;", line 1, in &lt;module&gt;
 TypeError: 'str' object does not support item assignment</error>
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/strings/gdozvev.html b/pages/learn/python/strings/gdozvev.html
index 3b4733d..314aa23 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/strings/gdozvev.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/strings/gdozvev.html
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Check if all characters are alphabetic</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="Hello World!"</mark>
 >>> <mark>s.isalpha()</mark>
 False
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String isalnum() method</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Check if all characters are alphanumeric</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="Hello World!"</mark>
 >>> <mark>s.isalnum()</mark>
 False
@@ -37,6 +39,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String isdigit() method</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Check if all characters are digits</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="13HelloWorld13"</mark>
 >>> <mark>s.isdigit()</mark>
 False
@@ -49,6 +52,7 @@
 >>> <mark>s.isdigit()</mark>
 False
 
+<comment># Check if unicode superscript is a digit</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="\u00B2"</mark>
 >>> <mark>s.isdigit()</mark>
 True
@@ -56,14 +60,17 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String isdecimal() method</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Check if unicode superscript is a decimal</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="\u00B2"</mark>    <comment># to the power 2</comment>
 >>> <mark>s.isdecimal()</mark>
 False
 
+<comment># Check if characters are decimals</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="0123456789"</mark>
 >>> <mark>s.isdecimal()</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check if unicode fraction is a decimal</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="\u00BD"</mark>    <comment># 1/2</comment>
 >>> <mark>s.isdecimal()</mark>
 False
@@ -71,18 +78,22 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String isnumeric() method</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Check if unicode superscript is numeric</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="\u00B2"</mark>
 >>> <mark>s.isnumeric()</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check if digits are numeric</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="0123456789"</mark>
 >>> <mark>s.isnumeric()</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check if string representation of fraction is numeric</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="1/2"</mark>
 >>> <mark>s.isnumeric()</mark>
 False
 
+<comment># Check if unicode fraction is numeric</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="\u00BD"</mark>    <comment># 1/2</comment>
 >>> <mark>s.isnumeric()</mark>
 True
@@ -90,6 +101,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String isspace() method</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Check if string contains only whitespace</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="Hello World!"</mark>
 >>> <mark>s.isspace()</mark>
 False
@@ -101,6 +113,7 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String istitle() method</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Check if string is title cased</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="Hello World!"</mark>
 >>> <mark>s.istitle()</mark>
 True
@@ -112,18 +125,21 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String islower() and isupper() methods</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Check if string is lowercase</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="hello world!"</mark>
 >>> <mark>s.islower()</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check if string is uppercase</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="HELLO, WORLD!"</mark>
 >>> <mark>s.isupper()</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check mixed case</comment>
 >>> <mark>s="Hello, World!"</mark>
 >>> <mark>s.islower()</mark>
 False
 
 >>> <mark>s.isupper()</mark>
 False
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/strings/gdyqzaz.html b/pages/learn/python/strings/gdyqzaz.html
index 4c16638..d829e37 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/strings/gdyqzaz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/strings/gdyqzaz.html
@@ -7,11 +7,12 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
->>> <mark>gd="KoDiNgWiNdOw"</mark>
+<comment># Casefold string (stronger lowercase)</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd="GoDaRdA"</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd.casefold()</mark>
 'godarda'
 
->>> <mark>gd="KODINGWINDOW"</mark>
+>>> <mark>gd="GODARDA"</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd.casefold()</mark>
 'godarda'
 
@@ -19,76 +20,90 @@
 >>> <mark>gd.casefold()</mark>
 'godarda'
 
->>> <mark>gd="koding window"</mark>
+<comment># Capitalize first character</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd="go darda"</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd.capitalize()</mark>
-'Koding window'
+'Go darda'
 
+<comment># Convert to title case</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd.title()</mark>
-'Koding Window'    
+'Go Darda'
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String upper(), lower() and swapcase() methods</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Convert to uppercase</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd="godarda"</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd.upper()</mark>
-'KODINGWINDOW'
+'GODARDA'
 
->>> <mark>gd="KODINGWINDOW"</mark>
+<comment># Convert to lowercase</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd="GODARDA"</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd.lower()</mark>
 'godarda'
 
+<comment># Swap case</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd="GoDarda"</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd.swapcase()</mark>
-'kODINGwINDOW'    
+'gOdARDA'
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String rjust() and ljust() methods</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Right justify string</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd="GoDarda"</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd.rjust(20)</mark>
-'        GoDarda'
+'             GoDarda'
 
+<comment># Left justify string</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd.ljust(20)</mark>
-'GoDarda        '
+'GoDarda             '
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String strip(), rstrip(), and lstrip() methods</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Remove leading and trailing whitespace</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd="    GoDarda           "</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd.strip()</mark>
-'GoDarda' 
+'GoDarda'
 
+<comment># Remove trailing whitespace</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd.rstrip()</mark>
 '    GoDarda'
 
+<comment># Remove leading whitespace</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd.lstrip()</mark>
 'GoDarda           '
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String find() and count() methods</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Find substring index</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd="GoDarda"</mark>
->>> <mark>gd.find("W",0,len(gd))</mark>
-6
+>>> <mark>gd.find("D",0,len(gd))</mark>
+2
 
->>> <mark>gd.find("in",0,len(gd))</mark>
+>>> <mark>gd.find("ar",0,len(gd))</mark>
 3
 
->>> <mark>gd.count("in",1,len(gd))</mark>
+<comment># Count occurrences of substring</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd.count("a",1,len(gd))</mark>
 2
 
->>> <mark>gd.count("o",1,len(gd))</mark>
-2  
+>>> <mark>gd.count("d",1,len(gd))</mark>
+1
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">Strings sort() method</div>
 <span><pre>
->>> <mark>gd=["K","O","D","I","N","G","W","I","N","D","O","W"]</mark>
+<comment># Sort list in place</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd=["G","o","D","a","r","d","a"]</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd.sort()</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd</mark>
-['D', 'D', 'G', 'I', 'I', 'K', 'N', 'N', 'O', 'O', 'W', 'W']
+['D', 'G', 'a', 'a', 'd', 'o', 'r']
 
->>> <mark>gd=("K","O","D","I","N","G","W","I","N","D","O","W")</mark>
+<comment># Tuples are immutable and cannot be sorted in place</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd=("G","o","D","a","r","d","a")</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd.sort()</mark>
 <error>Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "&lt;stdin&gt;", line 1, in &lt;module&gt;
@@ -97,81 +112,94 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String startswith() and endswith() methods</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Check if string starts with pattern</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd="GoDarda"</mark>
->>> <mark>gd.startswith("k")</mark>
+>>> <mark>gd.startswith("g")</mark>
 False
 
->>> <mark>gd.startswith("K")</mark>
+>>> <mark>gd.startswith("G")</mark>
 True
 
 >>> <mark>gd.startswith("GoDarda")</mark>
 True
 
+<comment># Check if string ends with pattern</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd.endswith("GoDarda")</mark>
 True
 
->>> <mark>gd.endswith("ow")</mark>
+>>> <mark>gd.endswith("da")</mark>
 True
 
->>> <mark>gd.endswith("W")</mark>
-False  
+>>> <mark>gd.endswith("A")</mark>
+False
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String zfill() and replace() method</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Pad string with zeros</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd="GoDarda"</mark>
 >>> <mark>len(gd)</mark>
-12
+7
 
->>> <mark>gd.zfill(12)</mark>
+>>> <mark>gd.zfill(7)</mark>
 'GoDarda'
 
->>> <mark>gd.zfill(15)</mark>
-'000KodingWindow'
+>>> <mark>gd.zfill(10)</mark>
+'000GoDarda'
 
 >>> <mark>gd.zfill(0)</mark>
-'GoDarda'    
+'GoDarda'
 
->>> <mark>gd.replace("i","###")</mark>
-'Kod###ngW###ndow'
+<comment># Replace substring</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd.replace("a","###")</mark>
+'GoD###rd###'
 
->>> <mark>gd.replace("W","###",1)</mark>
-'Koding###indow'
+<comment># Replace first occurrence</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd.replace("D","###",1)</mark>
+'Go###arda'
 
->>> <mark>gd.replace("d","###",2)</mark>
-'Ko###ingWin###ow'
+>>> <mark>gd.replace("a","###",1)</mark>
+'GoD###rda'
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String split() and splitlines() methods</div>
 <span><pre>
->>> <mark>gd="Koding\nWindow"</mark>
+<comment># Split string at line breaks</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd="Go\nDarda"</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd.splitlines()</mark>
-['Koding', 'Window']
+['Go', 'Darda']
 
+<comment># Split string by separator</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd.split("\n")</mark>
-['Koding', 'Window']    
+['Go', 'Darda']
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">String functions and operations</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Split string by whitespace</comment>
 >>> <mark>'Hello, World!'.split()</mark>
-['hello,', 'world!']
+['Hello,', 'World!']
 
+<comment># Sort characters in string</comment>
 >>> <mark>s1=("Hello, World!")</mark>
 >>> <mark>''.join(sorted(s1))</mark>
 ' !,HWdellloor'
 
+<comment># Sort and strip whitespace</comment>
 >>> <mark>''.join(sorted(s1)).strip()</mark>
 '!,HWdellloor'
 
+<comment># Print sorted characters list</comment>
 >>> <mark>print(sorted(s1))</mark>
 [' ', '!', ',', 'H', 'W', 'd', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'l', 'o', 'o', 'r']
 
+<comment># Sort unique characters</comment>
 >>> <mark>''.join(sorted(set(s1)))</mark>
 ' !,HWdelor'
 
+<comment># Remove duplicates preserving order</comment>
 >>> <mark>strings="Kiwi Apple Orange Banana Kiwi Apple Kiwi"</mark>
 >>> <mark>words=strings.split()</mark>
 >>> <mark>print(' '.join(sorted(set(words),key=words.index)))</mark>
 Kiwi Apple Orange Banana
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/python/strings/gdzdngz.html b/pages/learn/python/strings/gdzdngz.html
index 395f53d..fc956a0 100644
--- a/pages/learn/python/strings/gdzdngz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/python/strings/gdzdngz.html
@@ -7,43 +7,54 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>python3</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Create a string variable</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd="GoDarda"</mark>
 >>> <mark>gd</mark>
 'GoDarda'
 
+<comment># Get string length</comment>
 >>> <mark>len(gd)</mark>
-12
+7
 
+<comment># Access character at index 0</comment>
 >>> <mark>gd[0]</mark>
-'K'
-
->>> <mark>gd[11]</mark>
-'w'
-<hr>>>> <mark>gd[0:12:1]</mark>
+'G'
+
+<comment># Access character at index 6</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd[6]</mark>
+'a'
+<hr>
+<comment># Slice with start, stop, step</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd[0:7:1]</mark>
 'GoDarda'
 
->> <mark>gd[0:12:2]</mark>
-'KdnWno'
+>> <mark>gd[0:7:2]</mark>
+'GDra'
 
->>> <mark>gd[0:12:3]</mark>
-'KiWd'
+>>> <mark>gd[0:7:3]</mark>
+'Gaa'
 
->>> <mark>gd[::-1]</mark>    <comment>reverse the given string</comment>
-'wodniWgnidoK'
-<hr>>>> <mark>gd[::1]</mark>
+<comment># Reverse the string</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd[::-1]</mark>
+'adraDoG'
+<hr>
+<comment># Slice with step only</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd[::1]</mark>
 'GoDarda'
 
 >>> <mark>gd[::2]</mark>
-'KdnWno'
+'GDra'
 
 >>> <mark>gd[::3]</mark>
-'KiWd'
-<hr>>>> <mark>gd[1::]</mark>
-'odingWindow'
+'Gaa'
+<hr>
+<comment># Slice from index to end</comment>
+>>> <mark>gd[1::]</mark>
+'oDarda'
 
 >>> <mark>gd[2::]</mark>
-'dingWindow'
+'Darda'
 
 >>> <mark>gd[3::]</mark>
-'ingWindow'
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+'arda'
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdadmvw.html b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdadmvw.html
index b42cc38..b2d1b24 100644
--- a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdadmvw.html
+++ b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdadmvw.html
@@ -7,103 +7,132 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>R</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Check class of object</comment>
 > <mark>class(1)</mark>
 [1] "numeric"
 
+<comment># Check class of object</comment>
 > <mark>class(TRUE)</mark>
 [1] "logical"
 
+<comment># Check class of object</comment>
 > <mark>class(F)</mark>
 [1] "logical"
 
+<comment># Check class of object</comment>
 > <mark>class(matrix())</mark>
 [1] "matrix"
 
+<comment># Check class of object</comment>
 > <mark>class("GoDarda")</mark>
 [1] "character"
 
+<comment># Check class of object</comment>
 > <mark>class(Sys.time())</mark>
-[1] "POSIXct" "POSIXt" 
+[1] "POSIXct" "POSIXt"
 
+<comment># Check class of object</comment>
 > <mark>class(15L)</mark>
 [1] "integer"
 
+<comment># Check class of object</comment>
 > <mark>class(15+9i)</mark>
 [1] "complex"
 
+<comment># Check class of object</comment>
 > <mark>class(charToRaw("Hello World"))</mark>
 [1] "raw"
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">R typeof() function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Check type of object</comment>
 > <mark>typeof(1)</mark>
 [1] "double"
 
+<comment># Check type of object</comment>
 > <mark>typeof(1.1)</mark>
 [1] "double"
 
+<comment># Check type of object</comment>
 > <mark>typeof("GoDarda")</mark>
 [1] "character"
 
+<comment># Check type of object</comment>
 > <mark>typeof(1L)</mark>
 [1] "integer"
 
+<comment># Check type of object</comment>
 > <mark>typeof(TRUE)</mark>
 [1] "logical"
 
+<comment># Check type of object</comment>
 > <mark>typeof(F)</mark>
 [1] "logical"
 
+<comment># Check type of object</comment>
 > <mark>typeof(-3+4i)</mark>
 [1] "complex"
 
+<comment># Check type of object</comment>
 > <mark>typeof(raw())</mark>
 [1] "raw"
 
+<comment># Check type of object</comment>
 > <mark>typeof(NULL)</mark>
 [1] "NULL"
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">R round() function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Round to nearest integer</comment>
 > <mark>round(3.14)</mark>
 [1] 3
 
+<comment># Round to nearest integer</comment>
 > <mark>round(9.87)</mark>
 [1] 10
 
+<comment># Round to 3 decimal places</comment>
 > <mark>round(3.141492,digits=3)</mark>
 [1] 3.141
 
+<comment># Create raw vector</comment>
 > <mark>raw(10)</mark>
 [1] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">R sample() function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Sample from sequence</comment>
 > <mark>sample(1:36)</mark>
  [1]  9 15 20 16  3 30 26  4  5 10 33 36 24 32 12 19 22  8 13 34  2 35 23 18 29
 [26]  1 14 17  6  7 28 31 11 27 25 21
 
+<comment># Sample 1 element</comment>
 > <mark>sample(1:36,size=1)</mark>
 [1] 2
 
+<comment># Sample 1 element</comment>
 > <mark>sample(1:36,size=1)</mark>
 [1] 16
 
+<comment># Sample 1 element</comment>
 > <mark>sample(1:36,size=1)</mark>
 [1] 5
 
+<comment># Sample 5 elements</comment>
 > <mark>sample(1:36,size=5)</mark>
 [1]  7 13 33  6 22
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">R replicate() function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Replicate string</comment>
 > <mark>replicate(3,'GoDarda')</mark>
 [1] "GoDarda" "GoDarda" "GoDarda"
 
+<comment># Replicate sequence</comment>
 > <mark>replicate(3,1:6)</mark>
      [,1] [,2] [,3]
 [1,]    1    1    1
@@ -116,25 +145,32 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">R format() function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Format number</comment>
 > <mark>format(3.141492,digits=3)</mark>
 [1] "3.14"
 
+<comment># Format string with width</comment>
 > <mark>format("GoDarda",width=20)</mark>
 [1] "GoDarda        "
 
+<comment># Format string with justify</comment>
 > <mark>format("GoDarda",width=20,justify="")</mark>
-<error>Error in match.arg(justify) : 
+<error>Error in match.arg(justify) :
   'arg' should be one of “left”, “right”, “centre”, “none”</error>
 
+<comment># Format string with justify left</comment>
 > <mark>format("GoDarda",width=20,justify="l")</mark>
 [1] "GoDarda        "
 
+<comment># Format string with justify center</comment>
 > <mark>format("GoDarda",width=20,justify="c")</mark>
 [1] "    GoDarda    "
 
+<comment># Format string with justify right</comment>
 > <mark>format("GoDarda",width=20,justify="r")</mark>
 [1] "        GoDarda"
 
+<comment># Format string with justify none</comment>
 > <mark>format("GoDarda",width=20,justify="n")</mark>
 [1] "GoDarda"
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdarfve.html b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdarfve.html
index 72ce8e6..f60c36e 100644
--- a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdarfve.html
+++ b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdarfve.html
@@ -7,22 +7,27 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>R</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Create a list</comment>
 ><mark> flist &lt;- list("Apple","Orange","Grapes","Apple")</mark>
 ><mark> flist</mark>
-[1] "Apple"  "Orange" "Grapes" "Apple" 
+[1] "Apple"  "Orange" "Grapes" "Apple"
 
+<comment># Length of list</comment>
 ><mark> length(flist)</mark>
 [1] 4
 
+<comment># Create a list of numbers</comment>
 ><mark> nlist &lt;- list(1,2,3,4,5)</mark>
 ><mark> length(nlist)</mark>
 [1] 5
 
+<comment># Create a list of vector</comment>
 ><mark> nlist &lt;- list(1:10)</mark>
 ><mark> nlist</mark>
 [[1]]
  [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
 
+<comment># Length of list</comment>
 ><mark> length(nlist)</mark>
 [1] 1
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdazeek.html b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdazeek.html
index 21c6b1f..9445f66 100644
--- a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdazeek.html
+++ b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdazeek.html
@@ -8,12 +8,14 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>R</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Create vectors</comment>
 ><mark> f &lt;- c("Apple","Orange","Mango")</mark>
 ><mark> c &lt;- c("Red","Orange","Yellow")</mark>
 ><mark> r &lt;- c(200,100,500)</mark>
 ><mark> q &lt;- c(12,12,12)</mark>
 ><mark> a &lt;- c(FALSE,FALSE,TRUE)</mark>
 
+<comment># Create a data frame</comment>
 ><mark> df &lt;- data.frame(f,c,r,q,a)</mark>
 ><mark> df</mark>
        f      c   r  q     a
@@ -21,6 +23,7 @@
 2 Orange Orange 100 12 FALSE
 3  Mango Yellow 500 12  TRUE
 
+<comment># Rename columns</comment>
 ><mark> names(df) &lt;- c("Fruits","Colors","Rates","Quantity","Availability")</mark>
 ><mark> df</mark>
   Fruits Colors Rates Quantity Availability
@@ -28,6 +31,7 @@
 2 Orange Orange   100       12        FALSE
 3  Mango Yellow   500       12         TRUE
 
+<comment># Display structure of data frame</comment>
 ><mark> str(df)</mark>
 'data.frame':	3 obs. of  5 variables:
  $ Fruits      : Factor w/ 3 levels "Apple","Mango",..: 1 3 2
@@ -36,7 +40,7 @@
  $ Quantity    : num  12 12 12
  $ Availability: logi  FALSE FALSE TRUE
 
-Append a column to Data Frame
+<comment># Append a column to Data Frame</comment>
 ><mark> t &lt;- c("Sour","Bitter","Sweet")</mark>
 ><mark> df$Taste &lt;- t</mark>
 ><mark> df</mark>
diff --git a/pages/learn/r/cli/gddlyle.html b/pages/learn/r/cli/gddlyle.html
index d5e10bc..cd8a3cc 100644
--- a/pages/learn/r/cli/gddlyle.html
+++ b/pages/learn/r/cli/gddlyle.html
@@ -7,37 +7,46 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>R</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Create a vector</comment>
 ><mark> c(1,2,3)</mark>
 [1] 1 2 3
 
+<comment># Add 10 to each element</comment>
 ><mark> c(1,2,3) + 10</mark>
 [1] 11 12 13
 
+<comment># Subtract 10 from each element</comment>
 ><mark> c(1,2,3) - 10</mark>
 [1] -9 -8 -7
 
+<comment># Add two vectors</comment>
 ><mark> c(1,2,3) + c(3,2,1)</mark>
 [1] 4 4 4
 
+<comment># Create a vector with different numbers</comment>
 ><mark> vector = c(1,2,4,5,9,-1.1)</mark>
 ><mark> vector</mark>
 [1]  1.0  2.0  4.0  5.0  9.0 -1.1
 
+<comment># Create a sequence of numbers</comment>
 ><mark> vector = 1:10</mark>
 ><mark> vector1 = 1:10</mark>
 ><mark> vector2 = 10:9</mark>
 ><mark> vector1 + vector2</mark>
  [1] 11 11 13 13 15 15 17 17 19 19
 
+<comment># Create a logical vector</comment>
 ><mark> print(c(T,T,F,F,T))</mark>
 [1]  TRUE  TRUE FALSE FALSE  TRUE
-<hr>Comparing integers
+<hr><comment># Comparing integers</comment>
 ><mark> c(1:5) == 5</mark>
 [1] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE  TRUE
 
+<comment># Square of each element</comment>
 ><mark> c(1:5) ^ 2</mark>
 [1]  1  4  9 16 25
 
+<comment># Compare square of each element</comment>
 ><mark> c(1:5) ^ 2 >= 5</mark>
 [1] FALSE FALSE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdegdgz.html b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdegdgz.html
index 688540b..225d080 100644
--- a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdegdgz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdegdgz.html
@@ -8,36 +8,36 @@
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>R</mark>
 ...
 
-Addition
+<comment># Addition</comment>
 > <mark>1 + 1</mark>
 [1] 2
 
-Subtraction
+<comment># Subtraction</comment>
 > <mark>1 - 1</mark>
 [1] 0
 
-Multiplication
+<comment># Multiplication</comment>
 > <mark>10 * 10</mark>
 [1] 100
 
-Division
+<comment># Division</comment>
 > <mark>1 / 0</mark>
 [1] Inf
 
-Power or exponent
+<comment># Power or exponent</comment>
 > <mark>0 ** 0</mark>
 [1] 1
 > <mark>0 ^ 0</mark>
 [1] 1
 
-Remainder
+<comment># Remainder</comment>
 > <mark>10 %% 3</mark>
 [1] 1
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">R sqrt() function</div>
 <span><pre>
-Square root of a number
+<comment># Square root of a number</comment>
 > <mark>sqrt(25)</mark>
 [1] 5
 
@@ -47,53 +47,63 @@
 
 <div class="terminalcard">R sum() function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Sum of two sequences</comment>
 > <mark>1:10 + 11:20</mark>
 [1] 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
 
-Sum of sequence 1 to 10
+<comment># Sum of sequence 1 to 10</comment>
 > <mark>sum(1:10)</mark>
 [1] 55
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">R mean() and median() functions</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Mean of sequence 1 to 10</comment>
 > <mark>mean(1:10)</mark>
 [1] 5.5
 
+<comment># Median of sequence 1 to 10</comment>
 > <mark>median(1:10)</mark>
 [1] 5.5
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">R identical() function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Check if two objects are identical</comment>
 > <mark>identical(1,1)</mark>
 [1] TRUE
 
+<comment># Check if two objects are identical</comment>
 > <mark>identical(1,1.0)</mark>
 [1] TRUE
 
+<comment># Check if two objects are identical</comment>
 > <mark>identical(0 ^ 0,0 ** 0)</mark>
 [1] TRUE
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">R factorial() function</div>
 <span><pre>
-Factorial of a number
+<comment># Factorial of a number</comment>
 > <mark>factorial(0)</mark>
 [1] 1
 
+<comment># Factorial of a number</comment>
 > <mark>factorial(100)</mark>
 [1] 9.332622e+157
 </pre></span>
 
 <div class="terminalcard">R trigonometric function</div>
 <span><pre>
+<comment># Value of pi</comment>
 > <mark>pi</mark>
 [1] 3.141593
 
+<comment># Sine of 30 radians</comment>
 > <mark>sin(30)</mark>
 [1] -0.9880316
 
+<comment># Tangent of 90 radians</comment>
 > <mark>tan(90)</mark>
 [1] -1.9952
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdexavz.html b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdexavz.html
index 1e19478..dac48e8 100644
--- a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdexavz.html
+++ b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdexavz.html
@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>R</mark>
 ...
-Matrix creation
+<comment># Matrix creation</comment>
 ><mark> matrix1 = matrix(1:9,nrow = 3,ncol = 3)</mark>
 ><mark> matrix2 = matrix(1:9,nrow = 3,ncol = 3)</mark>
 
-Addition
+<comment># Addition</comment>
 ><mark> matrix3 = matrix1 + matrix2</mark>
 ><mark> matrix3</mark>
      [,1] [,2] [,3]
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 [2,]    4   10   16
 [3,]    6   12   18
 
-Subtraction
+<comment># Subtraction</comment>
 ><mark> matrix3 = matrix1 - matrix2</mark>
 ><mark> matrix3</mark>
      [,1] [,2] [,3]
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 [2,]    0    0    0
 [3,]    0    0    0
 
-Division
+<comment># Division</comment>
 ><mark> matrix3 = matrix1 / matrix2</mark>
 ><mark> matrix3</mark>
      [,1] [,2] [,3]
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 [2,]    1    1    1
 [3,]    1    1    1
 
-Multiplication
+<comment># Multiplication</comment>
 ><mark> matrix3 = matrix1 %*% matrix2</mark>
 ><mark> matrix3</mark>
      [,1] [,2] [,3]
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 [2,]   36   81  126
 [3,]   42   96  150
 
-Transpose of a matrix
+<comment># Transpose of a matrix</comment>
 ><mark> matrix2</mark>
      [,1] [,2] [,3]
 [1,]    1    4    7
@@ -57,13 +57,15 @@
 [2,]    4    5    6
 [3,]    7    8    9
 
+<comment># Access element at row 3, column 3</comment>
 ><mark> matrix3[3,3]</mark>
 [1] 9
 
+<comment># Access element at row 1, column 2</comment>
 ><mark> matrix3[1,2]</mark>
 [1] 2
 
-Substitution of a number
+<comment># Substitution of a number</comment>
 ><mark> matrix3[1,1] = 100</mark>
 ><mark> matrix3</mark>
      [,1] [,2] [,3]
@@ -71,6 +73,7 @@
 [2,]    4    5    6
 [3,]    7    8    9
 
+<comment># Substitution of a column</comment>
 ><mark> matrix3[,2] = 100</mark>
 ><mark> matrix3</mark>
      [,1] [,2] [,3]
@@ -78,6 +81,7 @@
 [2,]    4  100    6
 [3,]    7  100    9
 
+<comment># Substitution of multiple columns</comment>
 ><mark> matrix3[,2:3] = 24</mark>
 ><mark> matrix3</mark>
      [,1] [,2] [,3]
@@ -85,7 +89,7 @@
 [2,]    4   24   24
 [3,]    7   24   24
 
-Matrix with four rows
+<comment># Matrix with four rows</comment>
 ><mark> matrix(c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12),nrow = 4)</mark>
      [,1] [,2] [,3]
 [1,]    1    5    9
@@ -93,13 +97,14 @@
 [3,]    3    7   11
 [4,]    4    8   12
 
-Matrix with three rows and four columns
+<comment># Matrix with three rows and four columns</comment>
 ><mark> matrix(c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12),nrow = 3,ncol = 4)</mark>
      [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
 [1,]    1    4    7   10
 [2,]    2    5    8   11
 [3,]    3    6    9   12
 
+<comment># Matrix with 10 columns</comment>
 ><mark> matrix(1:50,ncol = 10)</mark>
      [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] [,10]
 [1,]    1    6   11   16   21   26   31   36   41    46
@@ -108,6 +113,7 @@
 [4,]    4    9   14   19   24   29   34   39   44    49
 [5,]    5   10   15   20   25   30   35   40   45    50
 
+<comment># Add 100 to each element</comment>
 ><mark> matrix(1:50,ncol = 10) + 100</mark>
      [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] [,10]
 [1,]  101  106  111  116  121  126  131  136  141   146
@@ -115,4 +121,4 @@
 [3,]  103  108  113  118  123  128  133  138  143   148
 [4,]  104  109  114  119  124  129  134  139  144   149
 [5,]  105  110  115  120  125  130  135  140  145   150
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdexdvy.html b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdexdvy.html
index 70bfa9d..28bf1d1 100644
--- a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdexdvy.html
+++ b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdexdvy.html
@@ -7,57 +7,72 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>R</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Current date</comment>
 > <mark>Sys.Date()</mark>
 [1] "2020-06-18"
 
+<comment># Current date and time</comment>
 > <mark>Sys.time()</mark>
 [1] "2020-06-18 17:41:48 IST"
 
+<comment># Convert to date</comment>
 > <mark>as.Date(Sys.Date())</mark>
 [1] "2020-06-18"
 
+<comment># Convert string to date</comment>
 > <mark>as.Date('2020/06/18')</mark>
 [1] "2020-06-18"
 
+<comment># Convert date with format</comment>
 > <mark>as.Date(Sys.Date(),format='%Y-%m-%d')</mark>
 [1] "2020-06-18"
 
+<comment># Convert string to date with format</comment>
 > <mark>as.Date('June 18, 2020',format='%B %d, %Y')</mark>
 [1] "2020-06-18"
 
+<comment># Convert string to date with format</comment>
 > <mark>as.Date('18JUN20',format='%d%b%y')</mark>
 [1] "2020-06-18"
 
+<comment># Get day of the week</comment>
 > <mark>weekdays(Sys.Date())</mark>
 [1] "Thursday"
-<hr>> <mark>date1 <- Sys.Date()</mark>
+<hr><comment># Date difference</comment>
+> <mark>date1 <- Sys.Date()</mark>
 > <mark>date2 <- as.Date("2020-06-30")</mark>
 > <mark>date1-date2</mark>
 Time difference of -12 days
-  
+
 > <mark>date1</mark>
 [1] "2020-06-18"
 
 > <mark>date2</mark>
 [1] "2020-06-30"
 
+<comment># Date difference</comment>
 > <mark>date2-date1</mark>
 Time difference of 12 days
 
+<comment># Date difference in weeks</comment>
 > <mark>difftime(date2,date1,units="weeks")</mark>
 Time difference of 1.714286 weeks
 
+<comment># Add days to date</comment>
 > <mark>date2 + 20</mark>
 [1] "2020-07-20"
 
+<comment># Date difference in weeks</comment>
 > <mark>difftime(date2+20,date1,units="weeks")</mark>
 Time difference of 4.571429 weeks
-<hr>> <mark>seq(Sys.Date(),by='days',length=12)</mark>
+<hr><comment># Sequence of dates</comment>
+> <mark>seq(Sys.Date(),by='days',length=12)</mark>
  [1] "2020-06-18" "2020-06-19" "2020-06-20" "2020-06-21" "2020-06-22"
  [6] "2020-06-23" "2020-06-24" "2020-06-25" "2020-06-26" "2020-06-27"
 [11] "2020-06-28" "2020-06-29"
 
+<comment># Sequence of dates</comment>
 > <mark>seq(Sys.Date(),to=as.Date("2020-12-31"),by='4 weeks')</mark>
 [1] "2020-06-18" "2020-07-16" "2020-08-13" "2020-09-10" "2020-10-08"
 [6] "2020-11-05" "2020-12-03" "2020-12-31"
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdgebwv.html b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdgebwv.html
index 5c60017..c135b89 100644
--- a/pages/learn/r/cli/gdgebwv.html
+++ b/pages/learn/r/cli/gdgebwv.html
@@ -7,55 +7,72 @@
 <span><pre>
 godarda@gd:~$ <mark>R</mark>
 ...
+<comment># Create a string</comment>
 > <mark>"GoDarda"</mark>
 [1] "GoDarda"
 
+<comment># Print a string</comment>
 > <mark>print("Hello World")</mark>
 [1] "Hello World"
 
+<comment># Print a string</comment>
 > <mark>cat("Hello World\n")</mark>
 Hello World
 
+<comment># Length of vector</comment>
 > <mark>length("GoDarda")</mark>
 [1] 1
 
+<comment># Number of characters</comment>
 > <mark>nchar("GoDarda")</mark>
-[1] 12
+[1] 7
 
+<comment># Convert to uppercase</comment>
 > <mark>toupper("GoDarda")</mark>
-[1] "KODINGWINDOW"
+[1] "GODARDA"
 
-> <mark>tolower("KODINGWINDOW")</mark>
+<comment># Convert to lowercase</comment>
+> <mark>tolower("GODARDA")</mark>
 [1] "godarda"
 
-> <mark>substring("GoDarda",7,12)</mark>
-[1] "Window"
+<comment># Extract substring</comment>
+> <mark>substring("GoDarda",3,7)</mark>
+[1] "Darda"
 
-> <mark>paste("Koding","Window")</mark>
-[1] "Koding Window"
+<comment># Concatenate strings</comment>
+> <mark>paste("Go","Darda")</mark>
+[1] "Go Darda"
 
-> <mark>paste("Koding","Window",sep="")</mark>
+<comment># Concatenate strings with separator</comment>
+> <mark>paste("Go","Darda",sep="")</mark>
 [1] "GoDarda"
 
-> <mark>paste("Koding","Window",sep="@@@")</mark>
-[1] "Koding@@@Window"
+<comment># Concatenate strings with separator</comment>
+> <mark>paste("Go","Darda",sep="@@@")</mark>
+[1] "Go@@@Darda"
 <hr>
+<comment># Format string with width</comment>
 > <mark>format("GoDarda",width=20)</mark>
-[1] "GoDarda        "
+[1] "GoDarda             "
 
+<comment># Format string with justify</comment>
 > <mark>format("GoDarda",width=20,justify="")</mark>
-<error>Error in match.arg(justify) : 
+<error>Error in match.arg(justify) :
   'arg' should be one of “left”, “right”, “centre”, “none”</error>
 
+<comment># Format string with justify left</comment>
 > <mark>format("GoDarda",width=20,justify="l")</mark>
-[1] "GoDarda        "
+[1] "GoDarda             "
 
+<comment># Format string with justify center</comment>
 > <mark>format("GoDarda",width=20,justify="c")</mark>
-[1] "    GoDarda    "
+[1] "      GoDarda       "
 
+<comment># Format string with justify right</comment>
 > <mark>format("GoDarda",width=20,justify="r")</mark>
-[1] "        GoDarda"
+[1] "             GoDarda"
 
+<comment># Format string with justify none</comment>
 > <mark>format("GoDarda",width=20,justify="n")</mark>
 [1] "GoDarda"
-</pre></span>
\ No newline at end of file
+</pre></span>
diff --git a/pages/learn/selenium/xpath/gdzctqk.html b/pages/learn/selenium/xpath/gdzctqk.html
index 22345fa..aab6394 100644
--- a/pages/learn/selenium/xpath/gdzctqk.html
+++ b/pages/learn/selenium/xpath/gdzctqk.html
@@ -12,20 +12,20 @@
 
 class GD
 {
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException 
-    {   
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException
+    {
         System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "/home/godarda/drivers/chromedriver");
         WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
         driver.manage().window().maximize();
         driver.navigate().to("https://godarda.in/testapp/");
-        driver.findElement(By.name("username")).sendKeys("kodignwindow");
+        driver.findElement(By.name("username")).sendKeys("godarda");
         Thread.sleep(1000);
-        driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys("kodignwindow");
+        driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys("godarda");
         int count = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@name='usertype']")).size();
-        for(int i=0; i<count; i++)
+        for(int i=0; i&lt;count; i++)
         {
-            driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@name='usertype']")).get(1).click();
+            driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@name='usertype']")).get(i).click();
         }
     }
 }
-{%- endhighlight -%}</pre>
\ No newline at end of file
+{%- endhighlight -%}</pre>
diff --git a/pages/settings/index.html b/pages/settings/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c7e54d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pages/settings/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+title: Settings
+permalink: settings/
+layout: modern
+robots: noindex
+---
diff --git a/pages/tools/index.html b/pages/tools/index.html
index faddf57..8a8eca4 100644
--- a/pages/tools/index.html
+++ b/pages/tools/index.html
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 description: "A collection of online tools for calculations, text analysis, and more. Explore our versatile utilities designed to simplify your tasks."
 ---
 
-{%- include search.html -%}
 <div class="row">
     {%- assign tools_data = site.data.tools.tools -%}
     {%- for segment in tools_data.segments -%}
@@ -12,4 +11,4 @@
         <a href="{{ segment.url }}"><div class="{{ segment.url | split: '/' }} procard">{{ segment.title }}</div></a>
     </div>
     {%- endfor -%}
-</div>
\ No newline at end of file
+</div>
diff --git a/setups/run.py b/setups/run.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 1cd3ed5..0000000
--- a/setups/run.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,126 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""
-Setup Entry Point (setups/run.py)
-
-Purpose:
-This script serves as the central entry point for provisioning and running the
-GoDarda website environment. It detects the host operating system and orchestrates
-the setup process by invoking platform-specific logic and shared utilities.
-
-Key Features:
-1. OS Detection: Automatically identifies Windows, Linux (Ubuntu), or macOS.
-2. Setup Orchestration: Delegates system package installation to platform-specific functions.
-3. Repository Management: Clones the repository if missing during interactive runs.
-4. Unified Execution: Provides a single command to start the environment on all platforms.
-"""
-
-import os
-import subprocess
-import sys
-
-from utilities import CONFIG, orchestrate_setup
-
-
-def install_ubuntu_packages():
-    """
-    Install required system packages via APT and Snap.
-
-    Actions:
-        - Updates and upgrades APT packages.
-        - Installs defined package sets (CI vs Local).
-        - Installs Snap packages (VS Code, Julia) if available.
-        - Clones the repository if running interactively and not present.
-    """
-    # Update package metadata and upgrade installed packages
-    subprocess.run("sudo apt-get update -y", shell=True, check=True)
-    subprocess.run("sudo apt-get full-upgrade -y", shell=True, check=True)
-
-    # Define package sets depending on environment (local)
-    packages = (
-        "build-essential", "clisp", "dotnet-sdk-8.0", "finger", "freeglut3-dev",
-        "git-all", "lsof", "maxima", "mysql-server", "nasm",
-        "nmap", "octave", "openjdk-21-jdk", "openjdk-21-jre", "python3-pip",
-        "python3-venv", "r-base", "ruby-full", "rustc", "shc", "zlib1g-dev",
-    )
-
-    # Conditionally install snap packages only when snap is present
-    has_snap = subprocess.run("snap --version", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL).returncode == 0
-    has_vscode = subprocess.run("code --version", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL).returncode == 0
-    has_julia = subprocess.run("julia --version", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL).returncode == 0
-
-    if has_snap and not has_vscode:
-        # Install VS Code via snap if not present
-        subprocess.run("sudo snap install --classic code", shell=True, check=True)
-    if has_snap and not has_julia:
-        # Install Julia via snap if not present
-        subprocess.run("sudo snap install julia --classic", shell=True, check=True)
-
-    # Install apt packages (best-effort). Use --ignore-missing to reduce failures.
-    subprocess.run(f"sudo apt-get -y --ignore-missing install {' '.join(packages)}", shell=True, check=True)
-
-
-def install_macos_packages():
-    """
-    Install required system packages via Homebrew.
-
-    Actions:
-        - Bootstraps Homebrew if missing.
-        - Installs defined package sets (CI vs Local).
-        - Installs GUI tools (VS Code, Julia) if missing.
-        - Clones the repository if running interactively and not present.
-    """
-    # Ensure Homebrew is installed; if not, bootstrap it using the official installer.
-    # The check uses subprocess.call so a non-zero return value indicates Homebrew is missing.
-    if subprocess.run("brew --version", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL).returncode != 0:
-        subprocess.run(
-            '/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"',
-            shell=True,
-            check=True,
-        )
-
-    # Define package sets: broader for local development.
-    packages = (
-        "clisp", "dotnet-sdk", "finger", "freeglut", "git",
-        "maxima", "mysql", "nasm", "nmap", "octave",
-        "openjdk", "python3", "r", "ruby", "rust",
-        "shc", "zlib",
-    )
-
-    # GUI tools installed via Homebrew Cask when not already present.
-    # Using `brew list --cask` and `brew list` checks avoids reinstall attempts.
-    if subprocess.run("brew list --cask visual-studio-code", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL).returncode != 0:
-        subprocess.run("brew install --cask visual-studio-code", shell=True, check=True)
-    if subprocess.run("brew list julia", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL).returncode != 0:
-        subprocess.run("brew install julia", shell=True, check=True)
-
-    # Install each CLI package via Homebrew. Use subprocess.run in a loop to keep behavior simple.
-    subprocess.run(f"brew install {' '.join(packages)}", shell=True, check=True)
-
-
-def main():
-    """
-    Identify the OS and execute the matching setup logic.
-    """
-
-    # On interactive/local runs ensure the repository exists; clone it if absent.
-    if CONFIG.REPO_NAME not in os.getcwd():
-        subprocess.run("git clone https://github.com/godarda/godarda.github.io.git", shell=True, check=True)
-        if os.path.isdir(CONFIG.REPO_NAME):
-            os.chdir(CONFIG.REPO_NAME)
-
-    system_installer = None
-
-    if CONFIG.OS_NAME == "Linux":
-        system_installer = install_ubuntu_packages
-    elif CONFIG.OS_NAME == "Darwin":
-        system_installer = install_macos_packages
-    elif CONFIG.OS_NAME == "Windows":
-        pass
-    else:
-        print(f"Error: Unsupported operating system '{CONFIG.OS_NAME}'.")
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-    orchestrate_setup(system_installer)
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/setups/utilities.py b/setups/utilities.py
deleted file mode 100644
index fa6bcc9..0000000
--- a/setups/utilities.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,229 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""
-Setup Utilities (setups/utilities.py)
-
-Purpose:
-This module provides shared utilities for setting up and managing the
-GoDarda static site locally. It includes platform-aware helpers for
-environment validation, dependency installation, and server management.
-
-Key Features:
-1. Environment Validation: Checks Python version and disk space.
-2. Dependency Management: Installs Python and Ruby dependencies.
-3. Artifact Cleanup: Removes git-ignored files and build artifacts.
-4. Server Management: Handles Jekyll server lifecycle and port management.
-"""
-
-import os
-import sys
-import subprocess
-import platform
-import socket
-import shutil
-from pathlib import Path
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-
-
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
-class EnvironmentConfig:
-    OS_NAME: str
-    REPO_NAME: str
-    REPO_ROOT: Path
-    PERFORM_FULL_SETUP: bool
-
-
-def initialize_config() -> EnvironmentConfig:
-    os_name = platform.system()
-    repo_name = "godarda.github.io"
-
-    # If script not already executed from repo root, attempt to change into that directory.
-    cwd = Path.cwd()
-    if cwd.name == repo_name:
-        repo_root = cwd
-    else:
-        repo_root = cwd / repo_name
-        if repo_root.exists():
-            os.chdir(repo_root)
-
-    perform_full_setup = any(arg.lower() in ("full", "-full", "--full") for arg in sys.argv[1:])
-
-    return EnvironmentConfig(os_name, repo_name, repo_root, perform_full_setup)
-
-CONFIG = initialize_config()
-
-
-def is_internet_available():
-    """
-    Verify internet connectivity by connecting to public DNS endpoints.
-
-    Returns:
-        bool: True if reachable, False otherwise.
-    """
-    test_hosts = [("8.8.8.8", 53), ("1.1.1.1", 53)]  # Google DNS, Cloudflare DNS
-
-    for host, port in test_hosts:
-        try:
-            socket.create_connection((host, port), timeout=3)
-            return True
-        except OSError:
-            continue
-    return False
-
-
-def check_system_requirements():
-    """
-    Validate system requirements (Python version >= 3.7, Disk space >= 2GB).
-
-    Returns:
-        bool: True if requirements are met, False otherwise.
-    """
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 7):
-        print("Python 3.7 or later is required for setup.")
-        return False
-
-    total, used, free = shutil.disk_usage(os.getcwd())
-    freedisk_gb = free // (2**30)
-    if freedisk_gb < 2:
-        print(f"Insufficient disk space: only {freedisk_gb} GB free. Minimum 2 GB required.")
-        return False
-    return True
-
-
-def cleanup_artifacts():
-    """
-    Remove git-ignored files and generated site artifacts (_site).
-    """
-    if Path.cwd().name == CONFIG.REPO_NAME:
-        ignore_path = Path.cwd() / ".gitignore"
-        if ignore_path.exists():
-            with ignore_path.open("r", encoding="utf-8") as ignore_file:
-                for line in ignore_file:
-                    target = line.strip()
-                    if not target or target.startswith("#"):
-                        continue
-                    abs_path = Path.cwd() / target
-                    if abs_path.is_dir():
-                        shutil.rmtree(abs_path, ignore_errors=True)
-                    elif abs_path.is_file():
-                        try:
-                            abs_path.unlink()
-                        except Exception:
-                            # Silently ignore removal errors to avoid interrupting setup flow.
-                            pass
-
-        site_path = Path.cwd().parent / "_site"
-        if site_path.is_dir():
-            shutil.rmtree(site_path, ignore_errors=True)
-
-
-def release_port():
-    """
-    Identify and terminate processes using TCP port 4000.
-    """
-    with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as sock:
-        port_in_use = sock.connect_ex(('localhost', 4000)) == 0
-
-    if port_in_use:
-        system = CONFIG.OS_NAME.lower()
-
-        if system in ("linux", "darwin"):
-            cmd = "pid=$(sudo lsof -t -i:4000 2>/dev/null); if [ -n \"$pid\" ]; then sudo kill -9 $pid; fi"
-        elif system == "windows":
-            cmd = 'for /f "tokens=5" %a in (\'netstat -aon ^| find ":4000"\') do taskkill /f /pid %a'
-        else:
-            print(f"Unsupported platform: {system}. Skipping port cleanup.")
-            cmd = None
-
-        if cmd:
-            exit_code = os.system(cmd)
-            if exit_code != 0:
-                print(f"Failed to free port 4000. Exit code: {exit_code}")
-
-
-def run_command(cmd, shell=True, check=True, sudo=False):
-    """
-    Execute a shell command with optional sudo elevation.
-
-    Args:
-        cmd (str): Command to be executed.
-        shell (bool): Whether to execute the command through the shell.
-        check (bool): If True, exit the process on non-zero return codes.
-        sudo (bool): If True and not on Windows, prefix the command with "sudo".
-    """
-    if sudo and CONFIG.OS_NAME != "Windows":
-        cmd = f"sudo {cmd}"
-    result = subprocess.run(cmd, shell=shell)
-    if check and result.returncode != 0:
-        print(f"Command failed: {cmd}")
-        sys.exit(result.returncode)
-
-
-def install_python_dependencies():
-    """
-    Install Python dependencies from requirements.txt into a virtual environment.
-    """
-    venv_dir = Path.cwd() / ".venv"
-    if not venv_dir.exists():
-        print(f"Creating virtual environment in {venv_dir}...")
-        subprocess.run([sys.executable, "-m", "venv", str(venv_dir)], check=True)
-
-    if CONFIG.OS_NAME == "Windows":
-        pip_exe = venv_dir / "Scripts" / "pip.exe"
-    else:
-        pip_exe = venv_dir / "bin" / "pip"
-
-    run_command(f'"{pip_exe}" install --upgrade pip')
-    pip_cmd = f'"{pip_exe}" install --upgrade -r setups/requirements.txt'
-    run_command(pip_cmd)
-
-
-def install_ruby_dependencies():
-    """
-    Install Ruby dependencies (Gems, Bundler) and configure the bundle.
-    """
-    run_command("gem install rubygems-update", sudo=True)
-    run_command("update_rubygems", sudo=True)
-    run_command("gem install bundler", sudo=True)
-
-    if subprocess.run("bundle config set --local path .vendor/bundle", shell=True).returncode == 0:
-        run_command("bundle install")
-    else:
-        print("Failed to set bundle config.")
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-
-def orchestrate_setup(system_installer=None):
-    """
-    Execute the full setup workflow: checks, cleanup, installations, and server start.
-
-    Args:
-        system_installer (callable, optional): Platform-specific function to install system packages.
-    """
-    if CONFIG.PERFORM_FULL_SETUP and is_internet_available():
-        if check_system_requirements():
-            cleanup_artifacts()
-            release_port()
-
-        if system_installer:
-            system_installer()
-
-        install_python_dependencies()
-        install_ruby_dependencies()
-
-    start_jekyll_server()
-
-
-def start_jekyll_server():
-    """
-    Start the Jekyll development server.
-    """
-    try:
-        subprocess.run("bundle exec jekyll serve", shell=True, check=True)
-
-    except KeyboardInterrupt:
-        pass
-    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
-        print(f"\nCommand failed: {e.cmd}\nExit code: {e.returncode}")
-    except Exception as e:
-        print(f"\nUnable to start the Jekyll server: {e}")
-        print("Run this script with 'full' to install all resources - make sure you're connected to the internet.")
diff --git a/tests/compile.py b/tests/compile.py
index 989b5c2..f74d3df 100644
--- a/tests/compile.py
+++ b/tests/compile.py
@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@
 import sys
 import subprocess
 from typing import Tuple, Optional
-from utilities import CONFIG, STATS, load_expected_data
+from utilities import load_expected_data
+from stats import STATS
+from config import CONFIG
 
 # Configuration mapping for supported file extensions.
 # Defines the comment syntax and the command to retrieve the compiler version.
@@ -185,52 +187,77 @@ def compile_snippets(source: str, destination: str) -> Optional[Tuple[int, int]]
     paths = load_expected_data(CONFIG.DATAPATH)
     original_cwd = os.getcwd()
 
+    tasks = []
+
+    # Discovery Phase: Identify files with compilable code
+    for entry in paths:
+        url = entry.get("url")
+        if not url or url.count("/") != 2:
+            continue
+
+        path = url.split("/")
+        # Create absolute output directory path
+        output_dir = os.path.join(destination_path, path[0], path[1])
+
+        source_file = None
+        # Locate the corresponding HTML file in the source directory structure.
+        for folder in os.listdir(source):
+            sub_source_dir = os.path.join(source, folder)
+            if os.path.isdir(sub_source_dir):
+                potential_path = os.path.join(sub_source_dir, url + ".html")
+                if os.path.exists(potential_path):
+                    source_file = potential_path
+                    break
+        if not source_file:
+            continue
+
+        with open(source_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            html_content = f.read()
+
+        for lang, ext in {
+                "c": ".c",
+                "cpp": ".cpp",
+                "java": ".java",
+                "nasm": ".asm",
+                "python": ".py",
+                "rust": ".rs",
+                "shell": ".sh"
+            }.items():
+
+            if f'<pre class="code">{{%- highlight {lang} -%}}' in html_content:
+                if ext == ".java" and path[0] != "java":
+                    continue
+                if ext == ".java" and path[1] == "jdbc":
+                    continue
+                if ext == ".cpp" and path[0] == "cg" and path[1] != "opengl":
+                    continue
+
+                compiler, args = get_compiler(ext, path)
+                tasks.append({
+                    "source_file": source_file,
+                    "html_content": html_content,
+                    "compiler": compiler,
+                    "output_dir": output_dir,
+                    "file_name": path[2],
+                    "extension": ext,
+                    "args": args
+                })
+                break
+
+    STATS.total_files = len(tasks)
+
     try:
         os.chdir(destination_path)
-        for entry in paths:
-            url = entry.get("url")
-            if not url or url.count("/") != 2:
-                continue
-
-            path = url.split("/")
-            # Create absolute output directory path
-            output_dir = os.path.join(destination_path, path[0], path[1])
-            os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
-
-            source_file = None
-            # Locate the corresponding HTML file in the source directory structure.
-            for folder in os.listdir(source):
-                sub_source_dir = os.path.join(source, folder)
-                if os.path.isdir(sub_source_dir):
-                    potential_path = os.path.join(sub_source_dir, url + ".html")
-                    if os.path.exists(potential_path):
-                        source_file = potential_path
-                        break
-            if not source_file:
-                continue
-            with open(source_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
-                html_content = f.read()
-
-            for lang, ext in {
-                    "c": ".c",
-                    "cpp": ".cpp",
-                    "java": ".java",
-                    "nasm": ".asm",
-                    "python": ".py",
-                    "rust": ".rs",
-                    "shell": ".sh"
-                }.items():
-
-                if f'<pre class="code">{{%- highlight {lang} -%}}' in html_content:
-                    if ext == ".java" and path[0] != "java":
-                        continue
-                    if ext == ".java" and path[1] == "jdbc":
-                        continue
-                    if ext == ".cpp" and path[0] == "cg" and path[1] != "opengl":
-                        continue
-                    compiler, args = get_compiler(ext, path)
-                    attempt_compilation(source_file, html_content, compiler, output_dir, path[2], ext, args)
-                    break
+        for task in tasks:
+            attempt_compilation(
+                task["source_file"],
+                task["html_content"],
+                task["compiler"],
+                task["output_dir"],
+                task["file_name"],
+                task["extension"],
+                task["args"]
+            )
     finally:
         os.chdir(original_cwd)
 
diff --git a/tests/config.py b/tests/config.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..faf2f83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+GoDarda Test Configuration (tests/config.py)
+
+Purpose:
+This module defines environment-specific configuration for the Playwright test suite.
+It enforces strict OS validation, selects the appropriate browser engine per platform,
+and provides immutable settings for consistent test execution.
+
+Key Features:
+1. Environment Detection:
+   - Identifies OS, distribution, and version.
+   - Validates supported platforms (macOS, Ubuntu, Windows).
+2. Browser Selection:
+   - macOS → Safari (WebKit)
+   - Ubuntu → Firefox
+   - Windows → Edge/Chrome (Chromium)
+3. Configuration:
+   - Defines constants for base URL, data paths, and timeouts.
+   - Provides a frozen dataclass (`EnvironmentConfig`) for structured access.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+import platform
+import shutil
+import psutil
+from pathlib import Path
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+# Static Configuration
+BASE_URL = "http://localhost:4000/"
+DATAPATH = Path(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "_data/"))
+DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 30000
+NAVIGATION_TIMEOUT = 60000
+IS_GITHUB_ACTIONS = os.environ.get("GITHUB_ACTIONS") == "true"
+
+# Worker Configuration
+ESTIMATED_GB_PER_WORKER = 1
+MAX_WORKERS = 8
+
+CPU_COUNT = os.cpu_count() or 1
+MEM_STATS = psutil.virtual_memory()
+AVAILABLE_RAM_GB = MEM_STATS.available / (1024 ** 3)
+DISK_STATS = shutil.disk_usage(os.getcwd())
+AVAILABLE_DISK_GB = DISK_STATS.free / (1024 ** 3)
+
+# Dynamic Calculation
+MEM_CAPACITY = int(AVAILABLE_RAM_GB / ESTIMATED_GB_PER_WORKER)
+OPTIMAL_WORKERS = max(1, min(CPU_COUNT, MEM_CAPACITY, MAX_WORKERS))
+
+SYSTEM_NAME = platform.system()
+
+if SYSTEM_NAME == "Darwin":
+    OS_NAME = "macOS"
+    DISTRO_ID = None
+    OS_VERSION = platform.mac_ver()[0]
+    BROWSER = "webkit"
+
+elif SYSTEM_NAME == "Linux":
+    DISTRO_ID = platform.freedesktop_os_release().get("ID", "").lower()
+    if DISTRO_ID != "ubuntu":
+        print(f"Unsupported Linux distribution: {DISTRO_ID}. Only Ubuntu is supported.")
+        sys.exit(1)
+    OS_NAME = "Ubuntu"
+    OS_VERSION = platform.freedesktop_os_release().get("VERSION_ID", "")
+    BROWSER = "firefox"
+
+elif SYSTEM_NAME == "Windows":
+    _, VER, _, _ = platform.win32_ver()
+    try:
+        BUILD_NUMBER = int(VER.split(".")[2])
+    except (IndexError, ValueError):
+        print(f"Failed to parse Windows build from version string: {VER}")
+        sys.exit(1)
+    if BUILD_NUMBER < 20348:
+        print(f"Unsupported Windows build {BUILD_NUMBER}. Requires Server 2022 (20348+) or Windows 11 (22000+).")
+        sys.exit(1)
+    OS_NAME = "Windows"
+    DISTRO_ID = None
+    OS_VERSION = VER
+    BROWSER = "chromium"
+
+else:
+    print(f"Unsupported OS: {SYSTEM_NAME}. Only macOS, Ubuntu, and Windows are supported.")
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class EnvironmentConfig:
+    """
+    Immutable configuration object for the test environment.
+    """
+    SYSTEM_NAME: str
+    OS_NAME: str
+    DISTRO_ID: str | None
+    OS_VERSION: str
+    BASE_URL: str
+    DATAPATH: Path
+    BROWSER: str
+    DEFAULT_TIMEOUT: int
+    NAVIGATION_TIMEOUT: int
+    IS_GITHUB_ACTIONS: bool
+    CPU_COUNT: int
+    AVAILABLE_RAM_GB: float
+    AVAILABLE_DISK_GB: float
+    OPTIMAL_WORKERS: int
+
+CONFIG = EnvironmentConfig(
+    SYSTEM_NAME=SYSTEM_NAME,
+    OS_NAME=OS_NAME,
+    DISTRO_ID=DISTRO_ID,
+    OS_VERSION=OS_VERSION,
+    BASE_URL=BASE_URL,
+    DATAPATH=DATAPATH,
+    BROWSER=BROWSER,
+    DEFAULT_TIMEOUT=DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+    NAVIGATION_TIMEOUT=NAVIGATION_TIMEOUT,
+    IS_GITHUB_ACTIONS=IS_GITHUB_ACTIONS,
+    CPU_COUNT=CPU_COUNT,
+    AVAILABLE_RAM_GB=AVAILABLE_RAM_GB,
+    AVAILABLE_DISK_GB=AVAILABLE_DISK_GB,
+    OPTIMAL_WORKERS=OPTIMAL_WORKERS
+)
diff --git a/tests/report.py b/tests/report.py
index 1699f5f..a04ec60 100644
--- a/tests/report.py
+++ b/tests/report.py
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@
 
 import subprocess
 import platform
-from utilities import STATS, CONFIG
+from stats import STATS
+from config import CONFIG
 
 
 def get_version(cmd: str) -> str:
@@ -49,7 +50,6 @@ def get_all_versions(os_name: str) -> dict:
         "Java": "javac --version",
         "Python": "python3 --version",
         "Ruby": "ruby -v",
-        "Gem": "gem -v",
         "Bundler": "bundler -v",
         "Jekyll": "bundle exec jekyll -v",
     }
@@ -60,18 +60,18 @@ def get_all_versions(os_name: str) -> dict:
 
 
 def print_report(
-    matched: int, unmatched: int, passed: int, failed: int
+    matched: int, unmatched: int, passed: int, failed: int, interrupted: bool = False
 ) -> None:
     """
     Generates and prints the final test execution report.
     """
-    total_urls = matched + unmatched
-    total_files = passed + failed
+    processed_urls = matched + unmatched
+    processed_files = passed + failed
 
     # --------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Title Verification Report
     # --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    if total_urls:
+    if STATS.total_urls > 0 or processed_urls > 0:
         print("\nTitle Verification Report")
         print("-" * 100)
 
@@ -81,17 +81,20 @@ def print_report(
             for url, title in STATS.unmatched_entries:
                 print(f"\033[91m{'Unmatched':<10}\033[0m {url:<32} {title}")
             print("-" * 100)
-        else:
-            print("All page titles matched expected values.")
 
-        print(f"{'Total URLs Checked':<25}: {total_urls}")
+        print(f"{'Total URLs':<25}: {STATS.total_urls}")
+        print(f"{'URLs Processed':<25}: {processed_urls}")
         print(f"{'Titles Matched':<25}: \033[92m{STATS.matched}\033[0m")
         print(f"{'Titles Unmatched':<25}: \033[91m{STATS.unmatched}\033[0m")
+        if processed_urls != STATS.total_urls:
+            print("\033[93mExecution interrupted. Partial verification completed.\033[0m")
+        elif processed_urls == STATS.matched:
+            print("\033[92mAll page titles matched successfully.\033[0m")
 
     # --------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Code Compilation Report
     # --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    if total_files:
+    if STATS.total_files > 0 or processed_files > 0:
         print("\nCode Compilation Report")
         print("-" * 100)
 
@@ -101,12 +104,15 @@ def print_report(
             for src in STATS.uncompiled_entries:
                 print(f"\033[91m{'Uncompiled':<10}\033[0m {src:<10}")
             print("-" * 100)
-        else:
-            print("All source files compiled successfully.")
 
-        print(f"{'Total Files Processed':<25}: {total_files}")
+        print(f"{'Total Files Expected':<25}: {STATS.total_files}")
+        print(f"{'Files Processed':<25}: {processed_files}")
         print(f"{'Compilation Passed':<25}: \033[92m{passed}\033[0m")
         print(f"{'Compilation Failed':<25}: \033[91m{failed}\033[0m")
+        if processed_files != STATS.total_files:
+            print("\033[93mExecution interrupted. Partial compilation completed.\033[0m")
+        elif processed_files == STATS.compiled:
+            print("\033[92mAll source files compiled successfully.\033[0m")
 
     # --------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Toolchain Version Report
diff --git a/setups/requirements.txt b/tests/requirements.txt
similarity index 77%
rename from setups/requirements.txt
rename to tests/requirements.txt
index 1562ab7..e6c6874 100644
--- a/setups/requirements.txt
+++ b/tests/requirements.txt
@@ -12,3 +12,6 @@ requests
 scipy
 toml
 beautifulsoup4
+playwright
+pytest-playwright
+psutil
diff --git a/tests/run.py b/tests/run.py
index 97f2cce..0d77490 100644
--- a/tests/run.py
+++ b/tests/run.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 Key Features:
 1. Orchestration: Coordinates title verification and code compilation steps.
-2. Validation: Checks Python version and directory structure before running.
+2. Environment Validation: Checks Python version and directory structure.
 3. Reporting: Calculates execution time and displays final results.
 """
 
@@ -16,10 +16,25 @@
 import sys
 import time
 import shutil
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# Automatically switch to the virtual environment if available
+repo_root = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+venv_dir = repo_root / ".venv"
+
+if venv_dir.exists():
+    python_exe = venv_dir / ("Scripts/python.exe" if sys.platform == "win32" else "bin/python")
+
+    # If not running from the venv, re-execute using the venv's interpreter
+    if python_exe.exists() and Path(sys.prefix).resolve() != venv_dir.resolve():
+        os.execv(str(python_exe), [str(python_exe)] + sys.argv)
+
 from compile import compile_snippets
 from unittesting import TitleVerificationTest
+from smoke import verify_page_titles
 from report import print_report
-from utilities import CONFIG, STATS
+from stats import STATS
+from config import CONFIG
 
 
 def main() -> None:
@@ -31,8 +46,14 @@ def main() -> None:
         print("Python 3.7 or later is needed for execution.")
         return
 
+    # Check available memory (require at least 1GB)
+    if CONFIG.AVAILABLE_RAM_GB < 1.0:
+        print(f"Error: Insufficient memory. At least 1GB of available RAM is required. (Available: {CONFIG.AVAILABLE_RAM_GB:.2f} GB)")
+        return
+
+    start = time.time()
+    interrupted = False
     try:
-        start = time.time()
         cwd = os.getcwd()
         source = os.path.join(cwd, "pages")
         destination = os.path.join(cwd, ".codes")
@@ -43,10 +64,13 @@ def main() -> None:
             return
 
         print(f"Starting test suite on {CONFIG.OS_NAME}.")
-        print("Please wait, execution in progress...")
+        print("Please wait, parallel execution in progress...")
 
         # Execute title verification.
-        TitleVerificationTest("test_site_titles").test_site_titles()
+        if CONFIG.IS_GITHUB_ACTIONS:
+            TitleVerificationTest("test_site_titles").test_site_titles()
+        else:
+            verify_page_titles()
 
         # Execute snippet compilation if supported.
         if CONFIG.OS_NAME != "Windows":
@@ -54,35 +78,39 @@ def main() -> None:
             if os.path.exists(destination):
                 shutil.rmtree(destination)
 
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        interrupted = True
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        print("\n\033[91mExecution failed.\033[0m")
+        print(f"Error details: {e}")
+        print("\nPossible causes:")
+        print(f"1. Local server not running at {CONFIG.BASE_URL}")
+        print("2. Network connectivity issues.")
+        print("3. Environment or configuration errors.")
+
+    finally:
         print_report(
             STATS.matched,
             STATS.unmatched,
             STATS.compiled,
             STATS.uncompiled,
+            interrupted,
         )
 
-        # Calculate and display execution time.
         end = time.time()
         total_seconds = round(end - start)
         m, s = divmod(total_seconds, 60)
         h, m = divmod(m, 60)
 
         print("-" * 100)
-        if h >= 1:
-            time_str = f"\033[91m{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}\033[0m"
-        else:
-            time_str = f"\033[92m{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}\033[0m"
-
+        time_str = (
+            f"\033[91m{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}\033[0m"
+            if h >= 1
+            else f"\033[92m{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}\033[0m"
+        )
         print(f"{'Total Execution Time':<25}: {time_str}")
 
-    except Exception as e:
-        print("\n\033[91mExecution failed.\033[0m")
-        print(f"Error details: {e}")
-        print("\nPossible causes:")
-        print(f"1. Local server not running at {CONFIG.BASE_URL}")
-        print("2. Network connectivity issues.")
-        print("3. Environment or configuration errors.")
-
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()
diff --git a/tests/setup.py b/tests/setup.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c403e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,338 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Setup Entry Point (setups/run.py)
+
+Purpose:
+This script serves as the central entry point for provisioning and running the
+GoDarda website environment. It detects the host operating system and orchestrates
+the setup process by invoking platform-specific logic and shared utilities.
+
+Key Features:
+1. OS Detection: Automatically identifies Windows, Linux (Ubuntu), or macOS.
+2. Setup Orchestration: Delegates system package installation to platform-specific functions.
+3. Repository Management: Clones the repository if missing during interactive runs.
+4. Unified Execution: Provides a single command to start the environment on all platforms.
+5. Environment Validation: Checks Python version and disk space.
+6. Dependency Management: Installs Python and Ruby dependencies.
+7. Artifact Cleanup: Removes git-ignored files and build artifacts.
+8. Server Management: Handles Jekyll server lifecycle and port management.
+"""
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import socket
+import shutil
+from pathlib import Path
+from config import CONFIG
+
+
+REPO_NAME = "godarda.github.io"
+PERFORM_FULL_SETUP = any(arg.lower() in ("full", "-full", "--full") for arg in sys.argv[1:])
+
+
+def is_internet_available():
+    """
+    Verify internet connectivity by connecting to public DNS endpoints.
+
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if reachable, False otherwise.
+    """
+    test_hosts = [("8.8.8.8", 53), ("1.1.1.1", 53)]  # Google DNS, Cloudflare DNS
+
+    for host, port in test_hosts:
+        try:
+            socket.create_connection((host, port), timeout=3)
+            return True
+        except OSError:
+            continue
+    return False
+
+
+def cleanup_artifacts():
+    """
+    Remove git-ignored files and generated site artifacts (_site).
+    """
+    if Path.cwd().name == REPO_NAME:
+        ignore_path = Path.cwd() / ".gitignore"
+        if ignore_path.exists():
+            with ignore_path.open("r", encoding="utf-8") as ignore_file:
+                for line in ignore_file:
+                    target = line.strip()
+                    if not target or target.startswith("#"):
+                        continue
+                    abs_path = Path.cwd() / target
+                    if abs_path.is_dir():
+                        shutil.rmtree(abs_path, ignore_errors=True)
+                    elif abs_path.is_file():
+                        try:
+                            abs_path.unlink()
+                        except Exception:
+                            # Silently ignore removal errors to avoid interrupting setup flow.
+                            pass
+
+        site_path = Path.cwd().parent / "_site"
+        if site_path.is_dir():
+            shutil.rmtree(site_path, ignore_errors=True)
+
+
+def release_port():
+    """
+    Identify and terminate processes using TCP port 4000.
+    """
+    with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as sock:
+        port_in_use = sock.connect_ex(('localhost', 4000)) == 0
+
+    if port_in_use:
+        system = CONFIG.SYSTEM_NAME.lower()
+
+        if system in ("linux", "darwin"):
+            cmd = "pid=$(sudo lsof -t -i:4000 2>/dev/null); if [ -n \"$pid\" ]; then sudo kill -9 $pid; fi"
+        elif system == "windows":
+            cmd = 'for /f "tokens=5" %a in (\'netstat -aon ^| find ":4000"\') do taskkill /f /pid %a'
+        else:
+            print(f"Unsupported platform: {system}. Skipping port cleanup.")
+            cmd = None
+
+        if cmd:
+            exit_code = os.system(cmd)
+            if exit_code != 0:
+                print(f"Failed to free port 4000. Exit code: {exit_code}")
+
+
+def run_command(cmd, shell=True, check=True, sudo=False):
+    """
+    Execute a shell command with optional sudo elevation.
+
+    Args:
+        cmd (str): Command to be executed.
+        shell (bool): Whether to execute the command through the shell.
+        check (bool): If True, exit the process on non-zero return codes.
+        sudo (bool): If True and not on Windows, prefix the command with "sudo".
+    """
+    if sudo and CONFIG.SYSTEM_NAME != "Windows":
+        cmd = f"sudo {cmd}"
+    result = subprocess.run(cmd, shell=shell)
+    if check and result.returncode != 0:
+        print(f"Command failed: {cmd}")
+        sys.exit(result.returncode)
+    return result.returncode
+
+
+def install_python_dependencies():
+    """
+    Install Python dependencies from requirements.txt into a virtual environment.
+    """
+    venv_dir = Path.cwd() / ".venv"
+    python_exe = sys.executable
+
+    if CONFIG.SYSTEM_NAME == "Darwin":
+        # On macOS, ensure we use the Homebrew-installed Python for the venv
+        try:
+            brew_prefix = subprocess.check_output(["brew", "--prefix"], text=True, encoding="utf-8").strip()
+            homebrew_python = Path(brew_prefix) / "bin" / "python3"
+            if homebrew_python.exists():
+                python_exe = str(homebrew_python)
+        except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, FileNotFoundError):
+            print("Warning: Homebrew not found or 'brew --prefix' failed. Using current python for venv.")
+
+    if not venv_dir.exists():
+        print(f"Creating virtual environment in {venv_dir} using {python_exe}...")
+        subprocess.run([python_exe, "-m", "venv", str(venv_dir)], check=True)
+
+    if CONFIG.SYSTEM_NAME == "Windows":
+        venv_python = venv_dir / "Scripts" / "python.exe"
+        venv_playwright = venv_dir / "Scripts" / "playwright.exe"
+    else:
+        venv_python = venv_dir / "bin" / "python"
+        venv_playwright = venv_dir / "bin" / "playwright"
+
+    run_command(f'"{venv_python}" -m pip install --upgrade pip')
+    pip_cmd = f'"{venv_python}" -m pip install --upgrade -r tests/requirements.txt'
+    run_command(pip_cmd)
+    print("Installing Playwright browsers...")
+    playwright_cmd = f'"{venv_playwright}" install'
+    if CONFIG.SYSTEM_NAME == "Linux":
+        # Try installing with dependencies first; fallback to browsers-only on failure.
+        if run_command(playwright_cmd + " --with-deps", check=False) != 0:
+            print("Warning: Failed to install Playwright system dependencies. Attempting to install browsers only...")
+            run_command(playwright_cmd)
+    else:
+        run_command(playwright_cmd)
+
+
+def install_ruby_dependencies():
+    """
+    Install Ruby dependencies (Gems, Bundler) and configure the bundle.
+    """
+    # On macOS, Homebrew manages Ruby, and `sudo` should not be used for `gem`.
+    # On Linux, we may need `sudo` if using the system Ruby.
+    use_sudo = CONFIG.SYSTEM_NAME == "Linux"
+
+    run_command("gem install bundler", sudo=use_sudo)
+
+    if subprocess.run("bundle config set --local path .vendor/bundle", shell=True).returncode == 0:
+        run_command("bundle install")
+    else:
+        print("Failed to set bundle config.")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+def start_jekyll_server():
+    """
+    Start the Jekyll development server.
+    """
+    try:
+        subprocess.run("bundle exec jekyll serve", shell=True, check=True)
+
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        pass
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        print(f"\nCommand failed: {e.cmd}\nExit code: {e.returncode}")
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"\nUnable to start the Jekyll server: {e}")
+        print("Run this script with 'full' to install all resources - make sure you're connected to the internet.")
+
+
+def orchestrate_setup(system_installer=None):
+    """
+    Execute the full setup workflow: checks, cleanup, installations, and server start.
+
+    Args:
+        system_installer (callable, optional): Platform-specific function to install system packages.
+    """
+    if PERFORM_FULL_SETUP and is_internet_available():
+        if CONFIG.AVAILABLE_DISK_GB < 2.0:
+            print(f"Insufficient disk space: only {CONFIG.AVAILABLE_DISK_GB:.2f} GB free. Minimum 2 GB required.")
+            sys.exit(1)
+        else:
+            cleanup_artifacts()
+            release_port()
+
+        if system_installer:
+            system_installer()
+
+        install_python_dependencies()
+        install_ruby_dependencies()
+
+    start_jekyll_server()
+
+
+def install_ubuntu_packages():
+    """
+    Install required system packages via APT and Snap.
+
+    Actions:
+        - Updates and upgrades APT packages.
+        - Installs defined package sets (CI vs Local).
+        - Installs Snap packages (VS Code, Julia) if available.
+        - Clones the repository if running interactively and not present.
+    """
+    # Update package metadata and upgrade installed packages
+    subprocess.run("sudo apt-get update -y", shell=True, check=True)
+    subprocess.run("sudo apt-get full-upgrade -y", shell=True, check=True)
+
+    # Define package sets depending on environment (local)
+    packages = (
+        "build-essential", "clisp", "dotnet-sdk-8.0", "finger", "freeglut3-dev",
+        "git-all", "libasound2-dev", "lsof", "maxima", "mysql-server", "nasm",
+        "nmap", "octave", "openjdk-21-jdk", "openjdk-21-jre", "python3-pip",
+        "python3-venv", "r-base", "ruby-full", "rustc", "shc", "zlib1g-dev",
+    )
+
+    # Conditionally install snap packages only when snap is present
+    has_snap = subprocess.run("snap --version", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL).returncode == 0
+    has_vscode = subprocess.run("code --version", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL).returncode == 0
+    has_julia = subprocess.run("julia --version", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL).returncode == 0
+
+    if has_snap and not has_vscode:
+        # Install VS Code via snap if not present
+        subprocess.run("sudo snap install --classic code", shell=True, check=True)
+    if has_snap and not has_julia:
+        # Install Julia via snap if not present
+        subprocess.run("sudo snap install julia --classic", shell=True, check=True)
+
+    # Install apt packages (best-effort). Use --ignore-missing to reduce failures.
+    subprocess.run(f"sudo apt-get -y --ignore-missing install {' '.join(packages)}", shell=True, check=True)
+
+
+def install_macos_packages():
+    """
+    Install required system packages via Homebrew.
+
+    Actions:
+        - Bootstraps Homebrew if missing.
+        - Installs defined package sets (CI vs Local).
+        - Installs GUI tools (VS Code, Julia) if missing.
+        - Clones the repository if running interactively and not present.
+    """
+    # Ensure Homebrew is installed; if not, bootstrap it using the official installer.
+    # The check uses subprocess.call so a non-zero return value indicates Homebrew is missing.
+    if subprocess.run("brew --version", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL).returncode != 0:
+        subprocess.run(
+            '/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"',
+            shell=True,
+            check=True,
+        )
+
+    # Define package sets: broader for local development.
+    packages = (
+        "clisp", "dotnet-sdk", "finger", "freeglut", "git",
+        "maxima", "mysql", "nasm", "nmap", "octave",
+        "openjdk", "python3", "r", "ruby", "rust",
+        "shc", "zlib",
+    )
+
+    # GUI tools installed via Homebrew Cask when not already present.
+    # Using `brew list --cask` and `brew list` checks avoids reinstall attempts.
+    if subprocess.run("brew list --cask visual-studio-code", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL).returncode != 0:
+        subprocess.run("brew install --cask visual-studio-code", shell=True, check=True)
+    if subprocess.run("brew list julia", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL).returncode != 0:
+        subprocess.run("brew install julia", shell=True, check=True)
+
+    # Install each CLI package via Homebrew. Use subprocess.run in a loop to keep behavior simple.
+    subprocess.run(f"brew install {' '.join(packages)}", shell=True, check=True)
+
+    # Add Homebrew's Ruby to the PATH for this script's execution to ensure
+    # the correct `gem` and `bundle` commands are used.
+    brew_prefix = subprocess.check_output(["brew", "--prefix"]).strip().decode("utf-8")
+    ruby_bin_path = Path(brew_prefix) / "opt" / "ruby" / "bin"
+    os.environ["PATH"] = str(ruby_bin_path) + os.pathsep + os.environ["PATH"]
+
+
+def main():
+    """
+    Identify the OS and execute the matching setup logic.
+    """
+
+    # On interactive/local runs ensure the repository exists and we are inside it.
+    cwd = Path.cwd()
+    if cwd.name != REPO_NAME:
+        repo_dir = cwd / REPO_NAME
+        if repo_dir.is_dir():
+            os.chdir(repo_dir)
+        else:
+            print(f"Cloning repository '{REPO_NAME}'...")
+            subprocess.run(f"git clone https://github.com/godarda/{REPO_NAME}.git", shell=True, check=True)
+            if repo_dir.is_dir():
+                os.chdir(repo_dir)
+            else:
+                print(f"Error: Failed to clone and change to repository directory '{REPO_NAME}'.")
+                sys.exit(1)
+
+    system_installer = None
+
+    if CONFIG.SYSTEM_NAME == "Linux":
+        system_installer = install_ubuntu_packages
+    elif CONFIG.SYSTEM_NAME == "Darwin":
+        system_installer = install_macos_packages
+    elif CONFIG.SYSTEM_NAME == "Windows":
+        pass
+    else:
+        print(f"Error: Unsupported operating system '{CONFIG.SYSTEM_NAME}'.")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    orchestrate_setup(system_installer)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/tests/smoke.py b/tests/smoke.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01f5dcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/smoke.py
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Smoke Tests (tests/smoke.py)
+
+Purpose:
+This script performs smoke testing using Playwright to verify that all pages
+load correctly and display the expected titles. It serves as a high-level
+validation of the deployed site or local development server.
+
+Key Features:
+1. Playwright Integration: Uses the Playwright engine for reliable browser automation.
+2. Concurrency: Distributes work to parallel browser workers using a dynamic queue
+   for resilient, efficient execution.
+3. Data Validation: Compares actual page titles against expected values.
+"""
+
+import urllib.parse
+import math
+import concurrent.futures
+from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright  # type: ignore
+import queue
+from config import CONFIG
+from utilities import load_expected_data
+from stats import STATS
+
+
+def browser_worker(work_queue: queue.Queue):
+    """
+    Worker that launches a browser and processes URLs from a shared queue.
+    If the browser is closed, it re-queues its current task and terminates.
+    """
+    browser = None
+    try:
+        with sync_playwright() as p:
+            browser_type = getattr(p, CONFIG.BROWSER)
+            launch_args = ["--start-maximized"] if CONFIG.BROWSER == "chromium" else []
+            context_args = {"no_viewport": True}
+            browser = browser_type.launch(headless=CONFIG.IS_GITHUB_ACTIONS, args=launch_args)
+            page = browser.new_page(**context_args)
+
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    entry = work_queue.get_nowait()
+                except queue.Empty:
+                    # No more work in the queue, this worker can exit.
+                    break
+
+                relative_url = entry["url"]
+                expected_title = entry["title"]
+                full_url = urllib.parse.urljoin(CONFIG.BASE_URL, relative_url.lstrip("/"))
+
+                try:
+                    page.goto(full_url, timeout=CONFIG.NAVIGATION_TIMEOUT)
+                    actual_title = page.title()
+
+                    if actual_title == expected_title:
+                        STATS.add_title_result(True, (relative_url, actual_title))
+                    else:
+                        STATS.add_title_result(False, (relative_url, expected_title))
+
+                except Exception as e:
+                    # Check if browser/page state indicates closure, even if the error message doesn't.
+                    if not browser.is_connected() or page.is_closed():
+                        work_queue.put(entry)
+                        return
+
+                    error_str = str(e).lower()
+                    if "target closed" in error_str or "browser has been closed" in error_str:
+                        work_queue.put(entry)  # Put the work back for another worker.
+                        return  # Exit the function, terminating this worker.
+
+                    error_message = f"Error: {str(e)}"
+                    STATS.add_title_result(False, (relative_url, error_message), is_error=True)
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"\n\033[91mBrowser worker failed to start: {e}\033[0m")
+    finally:
+        if browser and browser.is_connected():
+            try:
+                browser.close()
+            except Exception:
+                pass  # Ignore errors on close, as the browser might already be gone.
+
+
+def verify_page_titles():
+    """
+    Verifies page titles by distributing URLs to a pool of persistent browser workers
+    via a shared queue. If a worker fails, its work is automatically redistributed.
+    """
+    expected_data = load_expected_data(CONFIG.DATAPATH)
+    STATS.total_urls = len(expected_data)
+
+    if not expected_data:
+        return
+
+    # Create a thread-safe queue and populate it with all URLs.
+    work_queue = queue.Queue()
+    for item in expected_data:
+        work_queue.put(item)
+
+    num_instances = CONFIG.OPTIMAL_WORKERS
+    print(f"Using {num_instances} browser instances (Available RAM: {CONFIG.AVAILABLE_RAM_GB:.2f} GB)")
+
+    with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=num_instances) as executor:
+        # Each future represents one worker that will run until the queue is empty.
+        futures = [executor.submit(browser_worker, work_queue) for _ in range(num_instances)]
+        try:
+            concurrent.futures.wait(futures)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            print(f'\n\033[91mA test worker generated an unhandled exception: {exc}\033[0m')
diff --git a/tests/stats.py b/tests/stats.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44fd24d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/stats.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Test Statistics (tests/stats.py)
+
+Purpose:
+This module defines the data structure for tracking test execution statistics.
+It provides a global STATS object used across different test modules to accumulate results.
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import List, Tuple
+from threading import Lock
+
+@dataclass
+class TestStats:
+    """Tracks statistics for the test run."""
+    total_urls: int = 0
+    matched: int = 0
+    unmatched: int = 0
+    unmatched_entries: List[Tuple[str, str]] = field(default_factory=list)
+    total_files: int = 0
+
+    compiled: int = 0
+    uncompiled: int = 0
+    uncompiled_entries: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+    aborted: bool = False
+
+    _lock: Lock = field(default_factory=Lock, repr=False, init=False, compare=False)
+
+    def add_title_result(self, matched: bool, entry: Tuple[str, str], is_error: bool = False) -> int:
+        """Thread-safely add a title verification result. Returns new unmatched count."""
+        with self._lock:
+            if matched:
+                self.matched += 1
+            else:
+                self.unmatched += 1
+                if not is_error:
+                    self.unmatched_entries.append(entry)
+            return self.unmatched
+
+# Initialize global statistics.
+STATS = TestStats()
diff --git a/tests/unittesting.py b/tests/unittesting.py
index 11c34bb..55f6dd0 100644
--- a/tests/unittesting.py
+++ b/tests/unittesting.py
@@ -16,38 +16,50 @@
 import os
 import requests
 import unittest
-import sys
 import concurrent.futures
 import urllib.parse
 from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter
 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
-from utilities import CONFIG, STATS, load_expected_data
+from config import CONFIG
+from utilities import load_expected_data
+from stats import STATS
 
 
-def fetch_page_title(
-    session: requests.Session, base_url: str, relative_url: str, timeout: int = 5
-):
+def fetch_and_verify_title(
+    session: requests.Session, base_url: str, expected_entry: dict, timeout: int = 5
+) -> None:
     """
-    Fetches the page title for a given URL using a shared session.
-
-    Returns:
-        A tuple containing the relative URL and the extracted title string (or None if failed).
+    Fetches a page title, compares it with the expected title, and updates
+    the global STATS object. This function is designed to be run in a worker thread.
     """
-    # Construct the absolute URL.
+    if STATS.aborted:
+        return
+
+    relative_url = expected_entry["url"]
+    expected_title = expected_entry["title"]
     full_url = urllib.parse.urljoin(base_url, relative_url.lstrip("/"))
+
     try:
-        # Perform the GET request.
         resp = session.get(full_url, timeout=timeout)
         resp.raise_for_status()
-        # Parse the response content to extract the <title> tag.
         soup = BeautifulSoup(resp.text, "html.parser")
-        title_text = (
-            soup.title.string.strip() if soup.title and soup.title.string else None
-        )
-        return relative_url, title_text
-    except requests.RequestException:
+        actual_title = soup.title.string.strip() if soup.title and soup.title.string else ""
+
+        is_match = actual_title == expected_title
+        STATS.add_title_result(is_match, (relative_url, expected_title))
+
+    except requests.RequestException as e:
         # Treat network or HTTP errors as a missing title.
-        return relative_url, None
+        STATS.add_title_result(False, (relative_url, f"Error: {e}"), is_error=True)
+
+    # Abort early if a significant number of mismatches occur.
+    if STATS.unmatched > 10:
+        with STATS._lock:
+            if not STATS.aborted:
+                STATS.aborted = True
+                print("\n\033[91mToo many unmatched titles.\033[0m")
+                print("This likely indicates a server down, broken selectors, or bad input.")
+                os._exit(1)
 
 
 class TitleVerificationTest(unittest.TestCase):
@@ -58,9 +70,10 @@ class TitleVerificationTest(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_site_titles(self):
         # Load expected URL/title pairs from the data directory.
         expected_data = load_expected_data(CONFIG.DATAPATH)
+        STATS.total_urls = len(expected_data)
         if not expected_data:
             self.skipTest("No expected data loaded; skipping title verification test.")
-        
+
         # Initialize a session with connection pooling.
         session = requests.Session()
         session.headers.update({"User-Agent": "GoDarda-TitleChecker/1.0"})
@@ -69,36 +82,18 @@ def test_site_titles(self):
         session.mount("https://", adapter)
 
         # Calculate an appropriate thread pool size.
-        max_workers = min(20, (os.cpu_count() or 4) * 5)
-
-        futures = {}
+        max_workers = min(20, CONFIG.CPU_COUNT * 5)
 
-        # Execute requests concurrently.
         with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=max_workers) as executor:
-            for expected_entry in expected_data:
-                future = executor.submit(
-                    fetch_page_title, session, CONFIG.BASE_URL, expected_entry["url"], 5
-                )
-                futures[future] = expected_entry
-
-            # Process results as they become available.
-            for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures):
-                expected_entry = futures[future]
-                rel_url, actual_title = future.result()
-                
-                if actual_title == expected_entry["title"]:
-                    STATS.matched += 1
-                else:
-                    STATS.unmatched += 1
-                    STATS.unmatched_entries.append((rel_url, expected_entry["title"]))
-                    
-                    # Abort early if a significant number of mismatches occur.
-                    if STATS.unmatched > 10:
-                        print("\n\033[91mToo many unmatched titles.\033[0m")
-                        print(
-                            "This likely indicates a server down, broken selectors, or bad input."
-                        )
-                        sys.exit(1)
-
-            # Clean up session resources.
-            session.close()
+            # Create a list of arguments for each task.
+            tasks = [(session, CONFIG.BASE_URL, entry, 5) for entry in expected_data]
+
+            # Use a lambda to pass arguments to the worker function via map.
+            # list() consumes the iterator, ensuring all tasks complete before proceeding.
+            try:
+                list(executor.map(lambda p: fetch_and_verify_title(*p), tasks))
+            except Exception as exc:
+                # Exceptions from workers are raised here by executor.map.
+                print(f"A worker thread generated an exception: {exc}")
+
+        session.close()
diff --git a/tests/utilities.py b/tests/utilities.py
index 230f888..5408ddf 100644
--- a/tests/utilities.py
+++ b/tests/utilities.py
@@ -3,92 +3,22 @@
 Test Suite Utilities (tests/utilities.py)
 
 Purpose:
-This module provides shared utilities and configuration for the test suite.
-It handles environment detection, data loading, and cleanup routines to ensure
-consistent test execution across platforms.
+This module provides shared utilities for the test suite.
+It handles data loading to ensure consistent test execution across platforms.
 
 Key Features:
-1. Environment Detection: Identifies OS, paths, and base URLs.
-2. Configuration: Defines data structures for test settings.
-3. Data Loading: Helper functions to load expected test data from YAML files.
-4. Cleanup: Routines to clean up artifacts like __pycache__.
+1. Data Loading: Helper functions to load expected test data from YAML files.
+2. Concurrency: Utilizes thread pools for efficient file processing.
 """
 
 import os
-import platform
-import sys
-import shutil
 import yaml
 
-from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+from typing import List, Union
 from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
 
 
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
-class EnvironmentConfig:
-    """Configuration object holding environment-specific settings."""
-    BASE_URL: str
-    DATAPATH: Path
-    OS_NAME: str
-
-
-@dataclass
-class TestStats:
-    """Tracks statistics for the test run."""
-    matched: int = 0
-    unmatched: int = 0
-    unmatched_entries: List[Tuple[str, str]] = field(default_factory=list)
-    compiled: int = 0
-    uncompiled: int = 0
-    uncompiled_entries: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)
-
-
-def get_environment_config() -> EnvironmentConfig:
-    """
-    Detects the host operating system and validates environment requirements.
-
-    Returns:
-        An EnvironmentConfig object containing the base URL, data path, and OS name.
-        Exits the process if the OS or version is unsupported.
-    """
-    system_name = platform.system()
-    base_url = "http://localhost:4000/"
-    datapath = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "_data/")
-
-    if system_name == "Darwin":
-        os_name = "macOS"
-    elif system_name == "Linux":
-        # Verify that the Linux distribution is Ubuntu.
-        distro_id = platform.freedesktop_os_release().get("ID", "").lower()
-        if distro_id != "ubuntu":
-            print(f"Unsupported Linux distribution: {distro_id}. Only Ubuntu is supported.")
-            sys.exit(1)
-        os_name = "Ubuntu"
-    elif system_name == "Windows":
-        # Verify minimum Windows build version.
-        _, ver, _, _ = platform.win32_ver()
-        try:
-            build_number = int(ver.split(".")[2])
-        except (IndexError, ValueError):
-            print(f"Failed to parse Windows build from version string: {ver}")
-            sys.exit(1)
-        if build_number < 20348:
-            print(f"Unsupported Windows build {build_number}. Requires Server 2022 (20348+) or Windows 11 (22000+).")
-            sys.exit(1)
-        os_name = "Windows"
-    else:
-        print(f"Unsupported OS: {system_name}. Only macOS, Ubuntu, and Windows are supported.")
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-    return EnvironmentConfig(
-        BASE_URL=base_url,
-        DATAPATH=Path(datapath),
-        OS_NAME=os_name,
-    )
-
-
 def load_expected_data(folder_path: Union[str, Path]) -> List[dict]:
     """
     Parses YAML files in the specified directory to extract expected URL/title pairs.
@@ -117,8 +47,8 @@ def parse_file(path: Path):
             return []
 
         entries = []
-        # Extract entries from 'sidenav' and 'grandparent' sections.
-        for section_name in ("sidenav", "grandparent"):
+        # Extract entries from 'grandparent' sections.
+        for section_name in ("grandparent",):
             for section in data.get(section_name, []):
                 if "url" in section and "parent" in section:
                     entries.append((section["url"], section["parent"]))
@@ -145,8 +75,3 @@ def parse_file(path: Path):
             seen.add(key)
 
     return unique_entries
-
-
-# Initialize global configuration and statistics.
-CONFIG = get_environment_config()
-STATS = TestStats()