Add MathOptAI extension

[blegat]

This is for grey-box AD like what PyTorch does but without the need for PyTorch.

After

BenchmarkTools.Trial: 10000 samples with 1 evaluation per sample.
 Range (min … max):  448.389 μs …  10.186 ms  ┊ GC (min … max): 0.00% … 0.00%
 Time  (median):     471.410 μs               ┊ GC (median):    0.00%
 Time  (mean ± σ):   485.842 μs ± 103.175 μs  ┊ GC (mean ± σ):  0.00% ± 0.00%

      ▁▆█▆▂                                                      
  ▁▁▂▄█████▇▅▄▃▃▃▃▂▂▂▃▄▅▇▆▅▄▃▂▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▂
  448 μs           Histogram: frequency by time          607 μs <

 Memory estimate: 35.03 KiB, allocs estimate: 1139.

cc @odow @Robbybp

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 90.61%. Comparing base (29c9a52) to head (01a2007).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main      #71      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   90.45%   90.61%   +0.16%     
==========================================
  Files          23       24       +1     
  Lines        2974     3017      +43     
==========================================
+ Hits         2690     2734      +44     
+ Misses        284      283       -1     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.